Bendžamin Dizraeli

Bendžamin Dizraeli
Lični podaci
Datum rođenja	(1804-12-21)21. decembar 1804.
Mesto rođenja	London, Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo
Datum smrti	19. april 1881.(1881-04-19) (76 god.)
Mesto smrti	London, Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo
Politička karijera
Politička stranka	Konzervativna partija
Potpis

Bendžamin Dizraeli, prvi grof od Bekonsfilda (engl. Benjamin Disraeli; London, 21. decembar 1804 — London, 19. april 1881) je bio britanski konzervativni državnik i književnik. Bio je član raznih britanskih vlada tokom tri decenije a u dva navrata premijer, prvi jevrejskog porekla (mada je Dizraeli kršten u anglikanskoj crkvi kada je imao 13 godina). Među njegove najveće političke uspehe ubraja se stvaranje moderne konzervativne stranke nakon podele oko Zakona o kukuruzu 1846. godine.

Iako je bio vodeća ličnost protekcionističkog krila Konzervativne stranke Dizraelijevi odnosi sa drugim liderima partije, naročito sa lordom Derbijem, bili su često napeti. Njihova politička mišljenja približila su se tek 1850-ih godina. Od 1852. godine Dizraelijeva karijera je obeležena rivalitetom sa Vilijamom Gledstonom koji je nastojao da postane vođa Liberalne stranke. U ovom sukobu veliki značaj za Dizraelija je imala podrška koju mu je pružila kraljica Viktorija koja nije bila naklonjena Gledstonu od njegovog prvog premijerskog mandata 1870-ih godina. Godine 1876. Dizraeli je ušao u društvo britanskih perova kao grof od Bekonsfolda. Dizraeli je bio član Donjeg doma Britanskog parlamenta gotovo 40 godina.

Pre i tokom političke karijere Dizraeli je bio poznat i kao književni stvaralac i značajna figura ondašnjeg britanskog društva. Ipak njegovi romani se ne ubrajaju u klasike viktorijanske književnosti. Uglavnom je pisao romanse kao što su Sibil i Vivijan Grej.

Literatura

• Abbott, B H (1972). Gladstone and Disraeli. London: Collins. ISBN 978-0-00-327210-9. 
• Aldous, Richard (2007) [2006]. The Lion and the Unicorn: Gladstone vs Disraeli (first American izd.). New York: W W Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-06570-1. 
• Blake, Robert (1967) [1966]. Disraeli. New York: St Martin's Press. OCLC 400326. 
• Blake, Robert (1982). Disraeli's Grand Tour: Benjamin Disraeli and the Holy Land, 1830–31. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 978-0-297-77910-0. 
• Bradford, Sarah (1983). Disraeli. New York: Stein and Day. ISBN 978-0-8128-2899-3. 
• Conacher, J B (1971). The Emergence of British Parliamentary Democracy in the Nineteenth Century. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 
• Davis, Richard W (1976). Disraeli. London: Hutchinson. ISBN 978-0-09-127690-4. 
• Dickins, Gordon (1987). An Illustrated Literary Guide to Shropshire. Shrewsbury: Shropshire Libraries. ISBN 978-0-903802-37-6. 
• Disraeli, Benjamin (1975). Disraeli's Reminiscences. Helen and Marvin Swartz (eds). London: Hamish Hamilton. OCLC 471699820. 
• Disraeli, Benjamin (1982). Benjamin Disraeli—Letters, 1815–1834. J A W Gunn and M G Weibe. Toronto and London: University of Toronto Press. OCLC 59238073. 
• Douglas, Roy (2005). Liberals: A History of the Liberal and Liberal Democratic Parties. London and New York: Hambledon and London. ISBN 978-0-8264-4342-7. 
• Gash, Norman (1972). Sir Robert Peel: The Life of Sir Robert Peel After 1830. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-87471-132-5. 
• Glassman, Bernard (2003). Benjamin Disraeli: The Fabricated Jew in Myth and Memory. Lanham, MD: University Press of America. ISBN 978-0-7618-2472-5. 
• Harris, Robin (2011). The Conservatives—A History. London: Bantam. ISBN 978-0-593-06511-2. 
• Hibbert, Christopher (2004). Disraeli: A Personal History. London: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-714717-5. 
• Jenkins, Roy (2002) [1995]. Gladstone: A Biography. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0-8129-6641-1. 
• Kirsch, Adam (2008). Benjamin Disraeli. Jewish Encounters. New York: Schocken. ISBN 978-0-8052-4249-2. 
• Kuhn, William (2006). The Politics of Pleasure—A Portrait of Benjamin Disraeli. London: The Free Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-5687-2. 
• Magnus, Philip (1954). Gladstone. London: John Murray. ISBN 9780719504884. OCLC 752967336. 
• Monypenny, William Flavelle; Buckle, George Earle (1929). The Life of Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beaconsfield. Volume I, 1804–1859. London: John Murray. OCLC 60091922. 
• Parry, Jonathan (2007). Benjamin Disraeli. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-921359-7.  Text also available online at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
• Richmond, Charles (1999). The Self-Fashioning of Disraeli, 1818–1851. Paul Smith. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-49729-9. 
• Ridley, Jane (1995). The Young Disraeli. London: Sinclair-Stevenson. ISBN 978-1-85619-250-7. 
• Roberts, Andrew (2000) [1999]. Salisbury: Victorian Titan. London: Phoenix. ISBN 978-0-7538-1091-0. 
• Schwarz, Daniel R (1979). Disraeli's Fiction. New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-06-496124-0. 
• Weintraub, Stanley (1993). Disraeli: A Biography. New York: Truman Talley Books. ISBN 978-0-525-93668-8. 
• Braun, Thom. Disraeli the Novelist (Routledge, 2016).
• Bright, J. Franck. A History of England. Period 4: Growth of Democracy: Victoria 1837–1880 (1893)online 608pp; highly detailed political narrative
• Cesarani, David. Disraeli: The Novel Politician (Yale UP, 2016).
• Clausson, Nils. "Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil, or The Two." in Handbook of the English Novel, 1830–1900 ed. by Martin Middeke and Monika Pietrzak-Franger (2020) pp. 189–204. online
• Cline, C L (oktobar 1943). „Disraeli and Thackeray”. The Review of English Studies. 19 (76): 404—408. doi:10.1093/res/os-XIX.76.404. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
• Davis, Richard W. "Disraeli, the Rothschilds, and anti-Semitism." Jewish History (1996): 9-19 online.
• Endelman, Todd M (maj 1985). „Disraeli's Jewishness Reconsidered”. Modern Judaism. 5 (2): 109—123. doi:10.1093/mj/5.2.109. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
• Endelman, Todd M., and Tony Kushner, eds. Disraeli's Jewishness (2002)
• Ghosh, P R (april 1984). „Disraelian Conservatism: A Financial Approach”. The English Historical Review. 99 (391): 268—296. doi:10.1093/ehr/XCIX.CCCXCI.268. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
• Hurd, Douglas; Young, Edward (2013). Disraeli or The Two Lives. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 
• Kalmar, Ivan Davidson. "Benjamin Disraeli, romantic orientalist." Comparative studies in society and history 47.2 (2005): 348–371. online
• Ković, Miloš (2011). Disraeli and the Eastern Question. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-957460-5. 
• Mahajan, Sneh (2002). British Foreign Policy, 1874–1914. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-26010-8. 
• Magnus, Sir Philip. "Benjamin Disraeli." History Today (Sep 1951) 1#9 pp. 23–30.
• Malchow, Howard LeRoy. Agitators and Promoters in the Age of Gladstone and Disraeli: A Biographical Dictionary of the Leaders of British Pressure Groups founded between 1865 and 1886 (2 vol 1983), includes thousands of activists.
• Matthew, H. C. G. (septembar 1979). „Disraeli, Gladstone, and the Politics of Mid-Victorian Budgets”. The Historical Journal. 22 (3): 615—643. JSTOR 2638657. S2CID 155034471. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00017015. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
• Maurois, André (1927). Disraeli. Random House.  (translated by Hamish Miles)
• Miller, Henry. "Disraeli, Gladstone and the personification of party, 1868–80." in Miller, Politics personified (Manchester University Press, 2016).
• Monypenny, William Flavelle and George Earle Buckle, The Life of Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beaconsfield (2 vol. London: John Murray, 1929), a famous classic; contains vol 1–4 and vol 5–6 of the original edition Life of Benjamin Disraeli volume 1 1804–1837, Volume 2 1837–1846, Volume 3 1846–1855, Volume 4 1855–1868, Volume 5 1868–1876, Volume 6 1876–1881. Vol 1 to 6 are available free from Google books: vol 1; vol 2; vol 3; vol 4; vol 5; and vol 6
• Morley, John (1922). The Life of William Ewart Gladstone, Volume 2. London: Macmillan. 
• Napton, Dani. "Historical Romance and the Mythology of Charles I in D'Israeli, Scott and Disraeli." English Studies 99.2 (2018): 148–165.
• Nicolay, Claire. "The anxiety of 'Mosaic' influence: Thackeray, Disraeli, and Anglo‐Jewish assimilation in the 1840s." Nineteenth‐Century Contexts 25.2 (2003): 119–145.
• O'Kell, Robert P. (2014). Disraeli: The Romance of Politics. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9781442644595.  looks at close links between his fiction and his politics.
• Parry, J. P. "Disraeli, the East and religion: Tancred in context." English Historical Review 132.556 (2017): 570–604.
• Saab, Ann Pottinger. "Disraeli, Judaism, and the Eastern Question." International History Review 10.4 (1988): 559–578.
• Schweller, Russell. "'Mosaic Arabs': Jews and Gentlemen in Disraeli's Young England Trilogy." Shofar (2006): 55-69 online.
• Schwarz, Daniel R. "" Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin": Jewish Perspectives in Disraeli's Fiction." Jewish History (1996): 37-55. online
• Seton-Watson, R. W. (1972). Disraeli, Gladstone, and the Eastern Question. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 9780393005943. 
• Seton-Watson, R. W. Britain in Europe, 1789–1914. (1938); comprehensive history online
• Shannon, Richard. The crisis of imperialism, 1865–1915 (1976), pp. 101–41.
• Spevack, Marvin. "In the Shadow of the Son: Isaac D'Israeli and Benjamin Disraeli." Jewish Culture and History 8.2 (2006): 73–92.
• Winter, James (januar 1966). „The Cave of Adullam and Parliamentary Reform”. The English Historical Review. 81 (318): 38—55. doi:10.1093/ehr/LXXXI.CCCXVIII.38. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
• Wohl, Anthony S. "'Ben JuJu': Representations of Disraeli's Jewishness in the Victorian political cartoon." Jewish history 10.2 (1996): 89-134 online
• Letters of Benjamin Disraeli. 10 vol edited by Michael W. Pharand, et al. (1982 to 2014), ending in 1868. online
• Anonymous (1873). „The Right Hon. B. Disraeli”. Cartoon Portraits and Biographical Sketches of Men of the Day. Illustrated by Frederick Waddy. London: Tinsley Brothers. str. 38—45. Pristupljeno 13. 9. 2013. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
• Hicks, Geoff, et al. eds. Documents on Conservative Foreign Policy, 1852-1878 (2013), 550 documents excerpt
• Partridge, Michael, and Richard Gaunt. Lives of Victorian Political Figures Part 1: Palmerston, Disraeli and Gladstone (4 vol. Pickering & Chatto. 2006) reprints 32 original pamphlets on Disraeli.
• Temperley, Harold and L.M. Penson, eds. Foundations of British Foreign Policy: From Pitt (1792) to Salisbury (1902) (1938), primary sources Foundations of British Foreign Policy(1938). 1938. 
• Henry, Edward (1978). Vincent, John, ur. Disraeli, Derby and the Conservative Party: Journals and memoirs of Edward Henry, Lord Stanley 1849–1869. Hassocks, Sussex. 
• Parry, Jonathan P. "Disraeli and England." Historical Journal (2000): 699-728 online.
• Quinault, Roland. "Gladstone and Disraeli: A Reappraisal of their Relationship." History 91.304 (2006): 557–576.
• St. John, Ian. The Historiography of Gladstone and Disraeli (Anthem Press, 2016) 402 pp excerpt

Spoljašnje veze

• Istorijska biblioteka: Dizraelijevo trapavo stupanje na put slave

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Benjamin Disraeli
• Disraeli as the inventor of modern conservatism Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (18. februar 2010) at The Weekly Standard
• John Prescott interview with Andrew Neill.
• BBC Radio 4 series The Prime Ministers
• Hughenden Manor information at the National Trust
• Bodleian Library Disraeli bicentenary exhibition, 2004
• What Disraeli Can Teach Us by Geoffrey Wheatcroft from The New York Review of Books
• „Archival material relating to Bendžamin Dizraeli”. UK National Archives. 
• Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beaconsfield na sajtu NPG (jezik: engleski)
• Benjamin Disraeli letters at Brandeis University Arhivirano 4 april 2015 na sajtu Wayback Machine

Elektronska izdanja

• Works by Bendžamin Dizraeli in eBook form na sajtu Standard Ebooks
• Bendžamin Dizraeli na sajtu Projekat Gutenberg (jezik: engleski)
• Bendžamin Dizraeli na sajtu Internet Archive (jezik: engleski)
• Bendžamin Dizraeli na sajtu LibriVox (jezik: engleski)