Blizanci (sazvežđe)
| Sazvežđe | |
 | |
| Latinsko ime | Gemini |
|---|---|
| Skraćenica | Gem |
| Genitiv | Geminorum |
| Simbolizuje | Kastor i Polideuk |
| Rektascenzija | 7 |
| Deklinacija | 20 |
| Površina | 514 sq. deg. (30.)) |
| Najsjajnija zvezda | Poluks[1] (1,1m) |
| Meteorski rojevi | Geminidi |
| Susedna sazvežđa | |
| Vidljivo u rasponu +90° i −60°. U najboljem položaju za posmatranje u 21:00 čas u februaru. | |
Blizanci (lat. Gemini) je jedno od sazvežđa zodijaka. Konstelacija je vidljiva sa severne polulopte za vreme zime, pozicionirana je između Bika, Raka, Oriona, Kočijaša, Risa, Jednoroga i Malog Psa.
Značajni objekti dubokog svemira[uredi | uredi izvor]
Najpoznatiji objekat je zvezdano jato M35. Pored njega se nalazi tamnije i udaljenije rasejano jato NGC 2158. Sazvešđe sadrži i nekoliko planetarnih maglina od kojih se ističe maglina Eskim. Zbog specifičnog oblika gasne ovojnice, maglina u teleskopu izgleda kao glava Eskima sa parkom. U sredini sazvežđa nalazi se tamnija planetarna maglina, NGC 2371, a specifična je po tome što je podeljena na dva dela.
U Blizancima nalazi se i pulsar Geminga. Geminga je nama najbliži pulsar, udaljen samo 552 svetlosnih godina. Pulsar je nastao u eksploziji supernove pre otprilike 300.000 godina.
Zvezde[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Kastor (α Blizanaca) - šestostruka zvezda, magnitude 1,58, udaljena oko 49,8 svetlosnih godina
- Poluks (β Blizanaca) - narandžasti div, magnitude 1,15, udaljena oko 33,7 svetlosnih godina
- Alhena (γ Blizanaca) - magnitude 1,93, udaljena oko 105 svetlosnih godina
- μ Blizanaca - magnitude 2,87, udaljena oko 232 svetlosnih godina
- η Blizanaca - dvostruka zvezda, magnitude 3,15, udaljena oko 350 svetlosnih godina, pratilac ima sjaj od 8,80 magnituda
Mitologija[uredi | uredi izvor]
Najsvetlije zvezde ovog sazvešđa zovu se Kastor i Poluks (α i β Geminorum), po istoimenim božanskim blizancima iz grčke mitologije. Nazivani su još i Dioskuri, a bili su sinovi boga Zevsa i Lede, kao braća Helene i Klitemnestre. Rimska mitologija odaje mnogo veće poštovanje Kastoru. Latinsko Polideukovo ime glasi Poluks (Pollux).
Njihov se dan slavio 15. maja, a hram im se nalazio na rimskom forumu. Drevni ih izvori vežu i uz jutarnju i večernju zvezdu.
Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]
- ^ „ARI Data Base For Nearby Stars”. Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg. Pristupljeno 18. 6. 2012.
- ^ „Through the Clouds”. esahubble.org (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 12. 3. 2021.
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- „SV Leonis Minoris – Variable Star of RS CVn type”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Pristupljeno 20. 10. 2012.
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- „R Leonis Minoris – Variable Star of Mira Ceti type”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Pristupljeno 22. 10. 2012.
- „RY Leonis Minoris – Pulsating White Dwarf”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Pristupljeno 22. 10. 2012.
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Spoljašnje veze[uredi | uredi izvor]
Vikimedijina Ostava ima datoteke za članak:
- The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Gemini
- Astrojan Astronomical Picture Collection Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (31. avgust 2021): The clickable Gemini
- WikiSky: Gemini constellation
- Ian Ridpath's Star Tales: Gemini
- APOD Pictures of Gemini and Deep Sky Objects:
- A Spring Sky Over Hirsau Abbey
- The Eskimo Nebula from Hubble
- The Medusa Nebula
- Open Star Clusters M35 and NGC 2158
- NGC 2266: Old Cluster in the NGC
| Državne | |
|---|---|
| Ostale | |
