Stvaralaštvo

Stvaralaštvo ili kreativnost je sposobnost stvaranja nečeg novog veštinom mašte, bilo da je reč o novom rešenju nekog problema, novom metodu ili napravi, ili novom umetničkom predmetu ili formi. Ovaj termin obično se odnosi na bogatstvo ideja i originalnost razmišljanja, ali i praktičnost rada.

Definicija

U rezimeu naučnog istraživanja o stvaralaštvu, Majkl Mamford sugeriše: „U toku poslednje decenije, međutim, izgleda da smo postigli opšti dogovor da kreativnost uključuje proizvodnju novih, korisnih proizvoda” (Mumford, 2003, pp. 110), ili, prema rečima Roberta Sternberga, produkcija „nečeg originalnog i vrednog” Autori su se dramatično razišli u svojim preciznim definicijama izvan ovih opštih istovetnosti: Piter Meusberger smatra da u literaturi može biti pronađeno preko sto različitih analiza. Ilustracijije radi, jedna definicija koju je dao E. Pol Torans opisala je kreativnost kao „proces postajanja osetljiv na probleme, nedostatke, praznine u znanju, nedostajuće elemente, disharmonije i tako dalje; identifikovanje poteškoće; traganja za rešenjima, pravljesa pretpostavki ili formulisanja hipoteza o nedostacima: testiranje i ponovno testiranje tih hipoteza i eventualno njihovo modifikovanje i ponovno testiranje; i na kraju saopštavanje rezultata.”

Kreativnost se uglavnom razlikuje od inovacije, naročito kada je naglasak na primeni. Na primer, Tereza Amabil i Prat (2016) kreativnost definišu kao produkciju novih i korisnih ideja a inovaciju kao primenu kreativnih ideja, dok OECD i Eurostat navode da je „inovacija više od nove ideje ili pronalaska. Inovacija zahteva implementaciju, bili stavljanjem u aktivnu upotrebu ili stavljanjem na raspolaganje drugim stranama, firmama, pojedincima ili organizacijama.”

Vidi još

• Opus

Literatura

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• Robinson, Andrew (2010). Sudden Genius?: The Gradual Path to Creative Breakthroughs. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-956995-3. Generalni sažetak (24. 11. 2010). 
• The Roots of Human Genius Are Deeper Than Expected (March 10, 2013) Scientific American
• Dean Keith Simonton (1999). Origins of Genius: Darwinian Perspectives on Creativity. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195128796. 
• Isaac Asimov (2014-10-20) on Cultivating Creativity
• John Cleese (2014-08-08) on Fostering Creativity

Spoljašnje veze

• Raphael DiLuzio (2012-06-28) on 7 Steps of Creative Thinking