Rak (sazvežđe)
| Sazvežđe | |
 | |
| Latinsko ime | Cancer |
|---|---|
| Skraćenica | Cnc[1] |
| Genitiv | Cancri[1] |
| Simbolizuje | raka kojeg je ubio Herakle |
| Rektascenzija | 9 |
| Deklinacija | +20[2] |
| Površina | 506 sq. deg. (31) |
| Najsjajnija zvezda | Al tarf (beta Raka) (3,50m) |
| Meteorski rojevi | opsolentan roj δ-Kankridi |
| Susedna sazvežđa | |
| Vidljivo u rasponu +90° i −60°. U najboljem položaju za posmatranje u 21:00 čas u martu. | |
Rak (lat. Cancer) je jedno od 88 savremenih i 48 originalnih Ptolomejevih sazvežđa. Pripada zodijaku. Po mitologiji, dok se Herakle borio protiv protiv lernejske hidre, iz vode je izašao rak koji je počeo da ga zrize po nogama dok ga Herakle nije zgazio. Hera, Heraklova protivnica, je postavila raka na nebo kao sazvežđe.
Zvezde[uredi | uredi izvor]
Zvezde u Raku su relativno slabog sjaja. Najsjajnija je beta Raka (Al tarf), magnitude 3,50. Radi se o binarnom sistemu čija je primarna komponenta narandžasti džin K klase udaljen od Sunca oko 290 svetlosnih godina, dok se pratilac 14. magnitude nalazi na 29 lučnih sekundi. Druga po sjaju je delta Raka, magnitude 3,94.
Jota Raka je binarni sistem magnitude 4,03. Primarna komponenta je žuti džin G klase a pratilac patuljak A klase sa glavnog niza H-R dijagrama. Obe zvezde su lako vidljive već i malim teleskopima.
Alfa Raka (Akubens, „klešta“) je binarni sistem magnitude 4,26 koji se nalazi na oko 173 svetlosne godine od Sunca. Primarna komponenta je beli patuljak A klase sa glavnog niza a prati ga zvezda magnitude 11.
Objekti dubokog neba[uredi | uredi izvor]
U središtu Raka se nalazi otvoreno zvezdano jato M44, poznato još i kao „Prezepe“ ili „Košnica klaster“. M44 je jedno od najbližih otvorenih jata Sunčevom sistemu. Ptolomej ga je opisivao kao „magličastu masu u grudima Raka“ a Galilej je svojim teleskopom 1609. godine identifikovao četrdesetak zvezda u ovom jatu. Danas je poznato preko 1010 zvezda koje su najverovatnije članovi jata M44, a od toga su oko 68% crveni patuljci.
Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]
- ^ a b Ridpath & Tirion 2017, str. 96–97
- ^ „Cancer, constellation boundary”. The Constellations. International Astronomical Union. Pristupljeno 14. 2. 2014.
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Spoljašnje veze[uredi | uredi izvor]
Vikimedijina Ostava ima datoteke za članak:
- The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Cancer
- Star Tales – Cancer
- Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (medieval and early modern images of Cancer)
- Sazvežđe Rak Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (7. maj 2012) na TopAstronomer.com (jezik: engleski)
| Državne | |
|---|---|
| Ostale | |
