Metabotropni glutamatni receptor 4

S Vikipedije, slobodne enciklopedije
Glutamatni receptor, metabotropni 4
Identifikatori
Simboli GRM4; GPRC1D; MGLUR4; mGlu4
Vanjski ID OMIM: 604100 MGI: 1351341 HomoloGene: 20230 IUPHAR: mGlu4 GeneCards: GRM4 Gene
Pregled RNK izražavanja
podaci
Ortolozi
Vrsta Čovek Miš
Entrez 2914 268934
Ensembl ENSG00000124493 ENSMUSG00000063239
UniProt Q14833 Q68EF4
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000841.2 NM_001013385.1
RefSeq (protein) NP_000832.1 NP_001013403.1
Lokacija (UCSC) Chr 6:
33.99 - 34.12 Mb		 Chr 17:
27.56 - 27.65 Mb
PubMed pretraga [1] [2]

Metabotropni glutamatni receptor 4 je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran GRM4 genom.[1][2][3]

Ovaj protein zajedno sa GRM6, GRM7 i GRM8 pripada grupi III familije metabotropnih glutamatnih receptora. Grupa III receptora je vezana za inhibiciju kaskade cikličnog AMP.[3] Aktivacija GRM4 je potencijao terapeutski korisna u tretmanu Parkinsonove bolesti.

Ligandi[uredi | uredi izvor]

Ortosterni[uredi | uredi izvor]

  • LSP1-2111[4], LSP1-3081: agonisti

Pozitivni alosterni modulatori (PAM)[uredi | uredi izvor]

3d model jedinjenja 22a (Hong 2011)
  • Triciklični tiazolopirazolni derivati jedinjenja 22a: EC50 = 9 nM, Emax = 120%[5]
  • ML-128: EC50 = 240 nM, Emax = 182%[6][7]
  • VU-001171: EC50 = 650 nM, Emax = 141%[8]
  • VU-0155041: podtip-selektivni PAM agonist sa robastnom in vivo aktivnošću[9]
  • PHCCC: PAM mGluR4, negativni alosterni modulator mGluR1,[10] direktni agonist mGluR6[11]

Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]

  1. ^ Makoff A, Lelchuk R, Oxer M, Harrington K, Emson P (1996). „Molecular characterization and localization of human metabotropic glutamate receptor type 4”. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 37 (1-2): 239—48. PMID 8738157. doi:10.1016/0169-328X(95)00321-I. 
  2. ^ Wu S, Wright RA, Rockey PK, Burgett SG, Arnold JS, Rosteck PR Jr, Johnson BG, Schoepp DD, Belagaje RM (1998). „Group III human metabotropic glutamate receptors 4, 7 and 8: molecular cloning, functional expression, and comparison of pharmacological properties in RGT cells”. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 53 (1-2): 88—97. PMID 9473604. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00277-5. 
  3. ^ а б „Entrez Gene: GRM4 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4”. 
  4. ^ Wierońska JM, Stachowicz K, Pałucha-Poniewiera A, Acher F, Brański P, Pilc A (2010). „Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 novel agonist LSP1-2111 with anxiolytic, but not antidepressant-like activity, mediated by serotonergic and GABAergic systems”. Neuropharmacology. 59 (7-8): 627—34. PMID 20713068. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.08.008. 
  5. ^ Hong SP; Liu KG; Ma G; et al. (2011). „Tricyclic thiazolopyrazole derivatives as metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 positive allosteric modulators”. J. Med. Chem. 54 (14): 5070—81. PMID 21688779. doi:10.1021/jm200290z. 
  6. ^ Hopkins CR, Niswender CM, Lewis LM, Weaver CD, Lindsley CW. PMID 21433377.  Недостаје или је празан параметар |title= (помоћ)
  7. ^ Engers DW; Niswender CM; Weaver CD; et al. (2009). „Synthesis and evaluation of a series of heterobiarylamides that are centrally penetrant metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) positive allosteric modulators (PAMs)”. J. Med. Chem. 52 (14): 4115—8. PMC 2765192 Слободан приступ. PMID 19469556. doi:10.1021/jm9005065. 
  8. ^ Williams R, Niswender CM, Luo Q, Le U, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW (2009). „Positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 4 (mGluR4). Part II: Challenges in hit-to-lead”. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 19 (3): 962—6. PMID 19097893. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.104. 
  9. ^ Niswender CM; Johnson KA; Weaver CD; et al. (2008). „Discovery, characterization, and antiparkinsonian effect of novel positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4”. Mol. Pharmacol. 74 (5): 1345—58. PMC 2574552 Слободан приступ. PMID 18664603. doi:10.1124/mol.108.049551. 
  10. ^ Watkins JC, Jane DE (2006). „The glutamate story”. British Journal of Pharmacology. 147 (Suppl 1): S100—8. PMC 1760733 Слободан приступ. PMID 16402093. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706444. 
  11. ^ Beqollari D, Kammermeier PJ (2008). „The mGlu(4) receptor allosteric modulator N-phenyl-7-(hydroxyimino)cyclopropa[b]chromen-1a-carboxamide acts as a direct agonist at mGlu(6) receptors”. European Journal of Pharmacology. 589 (1-3): 49—52. PMID 18593581. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.06.054. 

Literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]

  • Flor PJ; Lukic S; Rüegg D; et al. (1995). „Molecular cloning, functional expression and pharmacological characterization of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor type 4.”. Neuropharmacology. 34 (2): 149—55. PMID 7617140. doi:10.1016/0028-3908(94)00149-M. 
  • Scherer SW; Duvoisin RM; Kuhn R; et al. (1997). „Localization of two metabotropic glutamate receptor genes, GRM3 and GRM8, to human chromosome 7q.”. Genomics. 31 (2): 230—3. PMID 8824806. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0036. 
  • Gomeza J; Mary S; Brabet I; et al. (1996). „Coupling of metabotropic glutamate receptors 2 and 4 to G alpha 15, G alpha 16, and chimeric G alpha q/i proteins: characterization of new antagonists.”. Mol. Pharmacol. 50 (4): 923—30. PMID 8863838. 
  • Fu M; Wang C; Reutens AT; et al. (2000). „p300 and p300/cAMP-response element-binding protein-associated factor acetylate the androgen receptor at sites governing hormone-dependent transactivation.”. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (27): 20853—60. PMID 10779504. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000660200. 
  • Barbon A, Ferraboli S, Barlati S (2000). „Assignment of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor gene GRM4 to chromosome 6 band p21.3 by radiation hybrid mapping.”. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 88 (3-4): 210. PMID 10828590. doi:10.1159/000015551. 
  • Ohtsuki T, Toru M, Arinami T (2002). „Mutation screening of the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR4 (GRM4) gene in patients with schizophrenia.”. Psychiatr. Genet. 11 (2): 79—83. PMID 11525421. doi:10.1097/00041444-200106000-00004. 
  • Erdemir T; Bilican B; Oncel D; et al. (2002). „DNA damage-dependent interaction of the nuclear matrix protein C1D with Translin-associated factor X (TRAX).”. J. Cell. Sci. 115 (Pt 1): 207—16. PMID 11801738. 
  • Collard CD; Park KA; Montalto MC; et al. (2002). „Neutrophil-derived glutamate regulates vascular endothelial barrier function.”. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (17): 14801—11. PMID 11847215. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110557200. 
  • R, Enz (2002). „The actin-binding protein Filamin-A interacts with the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 7.”. FEBS Lett. 514 (2-3): 184—8. PMID 11943148. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02361-X. 
  • Gaughan L; Logan IR; Cook S; et al. (2002). „Tip60 and histone deacetylase 1 regulate androgen receptor activity through changes to the acetylation status of the receptor.”. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (29): 25904—13. PMID 11994312. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203423200. 
  • Mungall AJ; Palmer SA; Sims SK; et al. (2003). „The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.”. Nature. 425 (6960): 805—11. PMID 14574404. doi:10.1038/nature02055. 
  • Ota T; Suzuki Y; Nishikawa T; et al. (2004). „Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.”. Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40—5. PMID 14702039. doi:10.1038/ng1285. 
  • Iacovelli L; Capobianco L; Iula M; et al. (2004). „Regulation of mGlu4 metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling by type-2 G-protein coupled receptor kinase (GRK2).”. Mol. Pharmacol. 65 (5): 1103—10. PMID 15102938. doi:10.1124/mol.65.5.1103. 
  • Hermit MB, Greenwood JR, Bräuner-Osborne H (2004). „Mutation-induced quisqualic acid and ibotenic acid affinity at the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 4: ligand selectivity results from a synergy of several amino acid residues.”. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (33): 34811—7. PMID 15184361. doi:10.1074/jbc.M404109200. 
  • Yoo BC; Jeon E; Hong SH; et al. (2005). „Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4-mediated 5-Fluorouracil resistance in a human colon cancer cell line.”. Clin. Cancer Res. 10 (12 Pt 1): 4176—84. PMID 15217955. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-1114-03. 
  • Chang HJ; Yoo BC; Lim SB; et al. (2005). „Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 expression in colorectal carcinoma and its prognostic significance.”. Clin. Cancer Res. 11 (9): 3288—95. PMID 15867225. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-1912. 
  • Mathiesen JM, Ramirez MT (2006). „The metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 is internalized and desensitized upon protein kinase C activation.”. Br. J. Pharmacol. 148 (3): 279—90. PMC 1751557 Слободан приступ. PMID 16582932. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706733. 
  • Iacovelli L; Arcella A; Battaglia G; et al. (2006). „Pharmacological activation of mGlu4 metabotropic glutamate receptors inhibits the growth of medulloblastomas.”. J. Neurosci. 26 (32): 8388—97. PMID 16899734. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2285-06.2006. 

Spoljašnje veze[uredi | uredi izvor]

Preuzeto iz „https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Metabotropni_glutamatni_receptor_4&oldid=27558974”