Drejperova pisma

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Naslovnica izdanja iz 1735. godine. Autor, na dekanskoj stolici, prima izraze zahvalnosti Irske uz moto: "Podigao sam spomenik trajniji od bronzanih."

Drejperova pisma (engl. Drapier's Letters) je zajednički naziv za seriju od sedam pamfleta koje je 1724. i 1725. napisao dekan dablinske Katedrale Sv. Patrika Džonatan Svift. Svift je želeo da podigne javno mnenje u Irskoj protiv zvaničnog uvođenja u upotrebu bakarnog novca koji je kovala privatna kovnica po dozvoli državnih vlasti Velike Britanije. Vlasnik kovnice Vilijam Vud dobio je pismenu dozvolu (patent) da kuje bakarni novac, za koji je Svift smatrao da je lošijeg kvaliteta od propisanog. Svift je dodeljivanje patenta smatrao za čin korupcije i u svojim pamfletima je izneo mišljenje da je Irska konstitucionalno i finansijski nezavisna od Velike Britanije. Pošto je glavna tema Drejperovih pisama bila politički osetljiva, Svift je pisao pod pseudonimom M. B. Drejper (engl. M. B., Drapier) [1] kako bi izbegao negativne posledice svog angažmana.[2]

Iako je Vlada Irske osudila Pisma, po zahtevu britanske vlade,[3] pamfleti su i dalje inspirisali javno mnenje protiv Vuda i njegovog patenta. Ubrzo je bakarni novac bio bojkotovan širom Irske, tako da je Volopolova vlada morala da povuče patent. Svift je kasnije slavljen zbog svog angažovanja u korist irskog naroda.[4] Many Irish people recognised Swift as a hero for his defiance of British control over the Irish nation.[5] Pored toga što je smatran za heroja, mnogi kritičari su smatrali Svifta, makar i kroz pseudonim koji je koristio, kao prvog organizatora "šire irske zajednice", iako je bilo sporno ko sve čini tu zajednicu.[6] Anglikanski nadbiskup Dablina, Vilijam King, nazvao je Svifta "Naš irski dekan, bacač bakarnih novčića." (engl. "Our Irish Copper-Farthen Dean").[7]

Drejperova pisma su prvi put objavljena zajedno 1734. godine. Priredio ih je Džordž Fokner u Delima Džonatana Svifta zajedno sa alegoričnom naslovnom stranom na kojoj pisac prima pohvale i zahvaljivanja od irskog naroda.[8] Danas Drejperova pisma spadaju u važnije Sviftove političke spise, zajedno sa Guliverovim putovanjima iz 1726. godine.

Napomene[uredi | uredi izvor]

  1. ^ A drapier ili draper je trgovac odećom.
  2. ^ Letter 1 Intro Note
  3. ^ Coxe 396–399
  4. ^ The Cambridge History of English and American Literature, Volume IX, VI. 19. "Pamphlets on Irish affairs: Drapier’s Letters."
  5. ^ Smith p. 271
  6. ^ Moore p. 84
  7. ^ Moore p. 87
  8. ^ Weedon p. 44–48

Literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]

  • Beaumont, Charles Allen. Swift's Use of the Bible. University of Georgia:Athens, 1965. 
  • Cornu, Donald. „Swift, Motte, and the Copyright Struggle: Two Unnoticed Documents”. Modern Language Notes. Modern Language Notes, Vol. 54, No. 2. 54 (1939): 114—124. JSTOR 2912284. doi:10.2307/2912284. 
  • Coxe, William. Memoirs of the Life and Administration of Sir Robert Walpole, Earl of Orford. T. Cadell and W. Davies:London (1798). 
  • Craik, Sir Henry (1894). Life of Jonathan Swift: Vol. II. 2nd ed. Macmillan:London. 
  • Ehrenpreis, Irvin (1983). Jonathan Swift: Volume III. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-85835-0. 
  • Fabricant, Carole. „Speaking for the Irish Nation: The Drapier, the Bishop, and the Problems of Colonial Representation”. Gulliver's Travels and Other Writings: Houghton Mifflin Company. 2004. pp. 465—500. 
  • Ferguson, Oliver W (1962). Jonathan Swift and Ireland. University of Illinois Press. 
  • Foster, R. F (1988). Modern Ireland, 1600–1972. London: Penguin. 
  • Goodwin, A. „Woods Halfpence”. The English Historical Review. LI (1936): 647—674. doi:10.1093/ehr/LI.CCIV.647. 
  • Hachey, Thomas E. (1996). The Irish experience: a concise history. Joseph M. Hernon, Lawrence John McCaffrey (2nd izd.). M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-1-56324-791-0. 
  • Johnson, James William. „Swift's Historical Outlook”. The Journal of British Studies. 4, No. 2 (May 1965): 52—77. 
  • Leerssen, Joep (1996). Mere Irish and Fior-Ghael: Studies in the Idea of Nationality. Cork: Cork University Press. 
  • Mason, William Monck (1820). History of St. Patrick's Cathedral. W. Folds:Strand-Street Dublin. 
  • Mahony, Robert. „Protestant Dependence and Consumption in Swift's Writings”. Gulliver's Travels and Other Writings: Houghton Mifflin Company. 2004. pp. 501—524. 
  • Moore, Seán. „Our Irish Copper-Farthen Dean: Swift's Drapier's Letters, the 'forging' of a modernist Anglo-Irish literature, and the Atlantic world of paper credit”. Atlantic Studies. 2, No 1 (2005): 65—92. 
  • Nicolson, William. Letters on Various Subjects Vol. II. ed John Nichols. Dublin: 1809. 
  • Smith, Sophie (1910). Dean Swift. London: Methuen & Co. 
  • Swift, Jonathan (1965). Correspondence. Vol. IV. Ed. Harold Williams. Clarendon Press: Oxford. 
  • Swift, Jonathan (1935). Drapier's Letters. Ed. Herbert Davis. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 
  • Swift, Jonathan (1935). Letters of Jonathan Swift to Charles Ford. Ed. D. Nichol Smith, Clarendon Press:Oxford. 
  • Swift, Jonathan (1903). The Prose Works of Jonathan Swift, Vol. VI; The Drapier's Letters. Ed. Temple Scott. London: George Bell and Sons. 
  • Treadwell, J. M. „Swift, William Wood, and the Factual Basis of Satire”. Journal of British Studies. 15.2 (1976): 76—91. 
  • Weedon, Margaret. „An Uncancelled Copy of the First Collected Edition of Swift's Poems”. The Library. 5.XXII (1967): 44—48. 

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