Izgovor
Izgovor ili izgovaranje je način na koji se reč čita ili priča neki jezik. To je način na koji neko koristi glas da bi proizveo artikulisan zvuk te izgovorio neku reč.[1][2][3] Ako se kaže da neko ima „pravilan izgovor”, misli se i na način čitanja reči i na način govorenja jezika unutar određenog dijalekta.[4][5][6][7][8]
A word can be spoken in different ways by various individuals or groups, depending on many factors, such as: the duration of the cultural exposure of their childhood, the location of their current residence, speech or voice disorders,[9] their ethnic group, their social class, or their education.[10]
Od čega zavisi izgovor[uredi | uredi izvor]
Različiti pojedinci ili grupe ljudi reč mogu da izgovore na različite načine, što zavisi od mnogo faktora. Neki od tih faktora su:
- dužina kulturne izloženosti njihovog detinjsta[pojasniti]
- mesto trenutnog boravišta (prebivališta)
- govorni i poremećaji glasa[11]
- pripadnost etničkoj grupi
- status u društvu (društvena klasa)
- obrazovanje[12]
Lingvistička terminologija[uredi | uredi izvor]
Slogovi se broje kao jedinice zvuka (foni) koji oni koriste u svom jeziku. Grana lingvistike koja proučava ove jedinice zvuka se zove fonetika. Foni, koji igraju istu ulogu, grupisani su u klase od. jedinice koje se zovu foneme; proučavanjem fonema bave se nauke fonemika, fonematika i fonologija. Foni, kao komponente artikulacije, uglavnom se opisuju koristeći Međunarodni fonetski alfabet (engl. International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA) koji određuje Međunarodna fonetska asocijacija (engl. International Phonetic Association, IPA).[a][14]
Vidi još[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Dikcija
- Forvo.com
- Pomoć:IPA for English — primarni ključ koji se koristi na Vikipediji za transkripciju kako izgovora engleskih imena u IPA zapis tako i IPA zapisa u prilagođeni oblik na srpskom jeziku
- Vikipedija:Pronunciation respelling key — sekundarni ključ koji se koristi za transkripciju koji oponaša englesku ortografiju
- Vikipedija:United States dictionary transcription — drugi sekundarni ključ, više namenjen korisnicima tradicionalnih rečnika američkog dijalekta engleskog jezika
- Wiktionary:Pronunciation — unosi koji se tiču izgovora u Vikirečniku na engleskom jeziku
Napomene[uredi | uredi izvor]
- ^ „Akronim IPA se striktno odnosi [...] na International Phonetic Association. Međutim, sada je tako česta praksa da se akronim takođe korisiti za označavanje samog alfabeta (od. fraze International Phonetic Alphabet) tako da se otpor čini sitničavim. Kontekst obično služi da razjasni dve upotrebe.”[13]
Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]
- ^ Titze, I.R. (1988). „The physics of small-amplitude oscillation of the vocal folds”. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 83 (4): 1536—1552. Bibcode:1988ASAJ...83.1536T. PMID 3372869. doi:10.1121/1.395910.
- ^ Lucero, J. C. (1995). „The minimum lung pressure to sustain vocal fold oscillation”. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 98 (2): 779—784. Bibcode:1995ASAJ...98..779L. PMID 7642816. S2CID 24053484. doi:10.1121/1.414354.
- ^ McKinney, James (1994). The Diagnosis and Correction of Vocal Faults. Genovex Music Group. ISBN 978-1-56593-940-0.
- ^ Daniel. W. Bruhn, Walls of the Tongue: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed (PDF), str. 8, Arhivirano (PDF) iz originala 2010-06-12. g.
- ^ Christopher D. Land (21. 2. 2013), „Varieties of the Greek language”, Ur.: Stanley E. Porter, Andrew Pitts, The Language of the New Testament: Context, History, and Development, str. 250, ISBN 978-9004234772
- ^ „topolect”. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (4th izd.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2010.
- ^ Chao, Yuen Ren (1968). Language and Symbolic Systems. CUP archive. str. 130. ISBN 9780521094573.
- ^ Johnson, David (27. 5. 2008). How Myths about Language Affect Education: What Every Teacher Should Know. str. 75. ISBN 978-0472032877.
- ^ Beech, John R.; Harding, Leonora; Hilton-Jones, Diana (1993). „Assessment of Articulation and Phonology”. Ur.: Grunwell, Pam. Assessment in Speech and Language Therapy. CUP Archive. str. 55. ISBN 0-415-07882-2.
- ^ Paulston, Christina Bratt; Tucker, G. Richard (14. 2. 2003). „Some Sociolinguistic Principles”. Ur.: Labov, William. Sociolinguistics: The Essential Readings. Wiley-Blackwell. str. 234—250. ISBN 0-631-22717-2.
- ^ Beech, John R.; Harding, Leonora; Hilton-Jones, Diana (1993). Assessment in speech and language therapy. Cambridge University Press Archive. str. 55. ISBN 978-0-415-07882-5.
- ^ Labov, William (2003). „Some Sociolinguistic Principles”. Ur.: Paulston, Christina Bratt; Tucker, G. Richard. Sociolinguistics: The essential readings. Wiley-Blackwell. str. 234—250. ISBN 978-0-631-22717-5.
- ^ Laver, John (1994). Principles of Phonetics. New York: Cambridge University Press. str. 561. ISBN 978-0-521-45031-7.
- ^ Schultz, Tanja (12. 6. 2006). „Language Characteristics”. Ur.: Kirchhoff, Katrin. Multilingual Speech Processing. Elsevier. str. 12. ISBN 0-12-088501-8.
Literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]
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- Beech, John R.; Harding, Leonora; Hilton-Jones, Diana (1993). Assessment in speech and language therapy. Cambridge University Press Archive. str. 55. ISBN 978-0-415-07882-5.
- Beech, John R.; Harding, Leonora; Hilton-Jones, Diana (1993). Assessment in speech and language therapy. Cambridge University Press Archive. str. 55. ISBN 978-0-415-07882-5.
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- Large, John (1972). „Towards an Integrated Physiologic-Acoustic Theory of Vocal Registers”. The NATS Bulletin. 28: 30—35.
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- „diction”. Literary-Devices.com. Pristupljeno 24. 3. 2020.
