Horacije

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Kvint Horacije Flak
Horace, as imagined by Anton von Werner
Horacije - imaginacija Antona fon Vernera
Datum rođenja8. decembar 65. p. n. e.
Mesto rođenjaVenoza
 Rimska republika
Datum smrti27. novembar 8. p. n. e. (starost 56)
Mesto smrtiRim
 Rimsko carstvo

Kvint Horacije Flak (lat. Quintus Horatius Flaccus; Venoza, 8. decembar 65. p. n. e. - 27. novembar 8. p. n. e.) je bio najveći rimski lirski pesnik tokom vladavine Oktavijana Avgusta.

Biografija[uredi | uredi izvor]

Horacije je rođen u decembru 65. p. n. e. u Venusiji, Italija, umro je 27. novembra 8. p. n. e. u Rimu. Njegov otac je bio rob koji je stekao slobodu pre Horacijevog rođenja. Moglo bi se pretpostaviti da je u ropstvo pao za vreme Pompeja, odnosno nakon Spartakovog ustanka. Svog sina je odveo u jednu od najpoznatijih škola poznatog Sabelijanca po imenu Orbilus (koji je po Horaciju bio pristalica telesnog kažnjavanja). 46. p. n. e. Horacije posećuje predavanja na Atinskoj Akademiji gde prve stihove počinje da piše na grčkom.[1] Kad je Brut u Atini prikupljao vojsku protiv Oktavijana i Antonija, zajedno sa sinovima Cicerona i Katona, u nju stupa i Horacije. Međutim, u bici kod Filipa, republika je poražena. Kada je proglašena amnestija za sve one koji su se borili protiv Oktavijana, Horacije se vratio u Italiju, samo da bi saznao da mu je otac umro, a imanje konfiskovano, čime je Horacije zapao u siromaštvo. Ipak, uspeo je da se zaposli kao pisar u uredu kvestora, što mu je omogućilo da vežba svoje poetske sposobnosti. 38. p. n. e. je doveden kod Mecene, učenog čoveka iz Etrurije iz centralne Italije, koji je bio glavni politički savetnik Avgusta. Mecena je Horacija uveo u pesnički književni krug, a uz to mu poklonio i luksuznu vilu.

Dela[uredi | uredi izvor]

Ode 1.14 – Poema na zidu u Lajdenu

Datiranje Horacijevih dela nije precizno poznato i naučnici često raspravljaju o tačnom redosledu kojim su prvi put „objavljena“. Postoje uverljivi argumenti za sledeću hronologiju:[2]

Napomene[uredi | uredi izvor]

  1. ^ According to a recent theory, the three books of Odes were issued separately, possibly in 26, 24 and 23 BC (see G. Hutchinson (2002), Classical Quarterly 52: 517–37)
  2. ^ 19 BC is the usual estimate but c. 11 BC has good support too (see R. Nisbet, Horace: life and chronology, 18–20
  3. ^ The date however is subject to much controversy with 22–18 BC another option (see for example R. Syme, The Augustan Aristocracy, 379–81

Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]

  1. ^ „Horacije - Izreke i citati”. Edukacija. 
  2. ^ R Nisbet, Horace: life and chronology, 17–21

Literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]

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