Tangšanski zemljotres 1976.

Tangšanski zemljotres 1976.
Datum	A: 1976-07-27 19:42:55; B: 1976-07-28 10:45:36
Magnituda	A: MW = 7,6; MS = 7,6; B: MW = 7,0; MS = 7,4
Dubina	A: 12.2 km; B: 16.7 km
Epicentar	39°38′ SGŠ; 118°06′ IGD / 39.63° SGŠ; 118.10° IGD 39°43′ SGŠ; 118°26′ IGD / 39.72° SGŠ; 118.44° IGD
Tip	doublet
Pogođena područja	Hebej provincija, Narodna Republika Kina
Ukupna šteta	10 milijardi kineskih ženminbi
Maks. intenzitet	XI (ekstrem)
Žrtve	242.419

Tangšanski zemljotres 1976, takođe poznat kao Veliki tangšanski zemljotres (кин: 唐山大地震; пин: Tángshān dà dìzhèn),^[4] bila je prirodna katastrofa usled zemljotresa od M_W = 7,6 koji je 28. jula 1976. u 3:42 ujutro pogodio region oko Tangšana, u provinciji Hebej, u Narodnoj Republici Kini. Za nekoliko minuta grad Tangšan, industrijski grad sa oko milion stanovnika, prestao je da postoji. Osamdeset pet posto zgrada u gradu srušilo se ili je bilo neupotrebljivo, sve službe su propale, a većina drumskih i željezničkih mostova srušila se ili bila ozbiljno oštećena.^[5] Najmanje 242.000 ljudi je umrlo (neki tvrde da je bilo tri puta više žrtvi), čineći ovo trećim (ili eventualno drugim) najsmrtonosnijim zemljotresom u zabeleženoj istoriji nakon zemljotresa u Šensiju 1556. godine, koji je i dalje najsmrtonosniji zemljotres u istoriji.^[6]

Tangšanska katastrofa je bila najistaknutija od nekoliko 1976. godine, što bi u kineskoj tradiciji moglo da signalizira da je vlada izgubila politički legitimitet.^[7] Zemljotres u Tangšanu takođe se javio bez upozorenja, podrivajući ključni stav maoističke ideologije, da se zemljotresi mogu predvideti.^[8] Uprkos tome, odgovor vlade pokazao je da je spremna i kompetentna za brzo pružanje pomoći.^[9]

Reference[уреди | уреди извор]

^ ^а ^б ISC-EHB Event 711732 [IRIS]
^ ^а ^б ISC-EHB Event 711773 [IRIS]
^ Xinhua News Agency, 29 July 2017; Chen et al. 1988
^ So-called by numerous sources, of which the voluminous work edited by Housner & He (2002) is the most notable.
^ Housner & He 2002, Prologue
^ See the #Death toll section for the various fatality figures.
^ Yeoh 2010, стр. 273; Press et al. 1975, стр. 879. Yeoh called the Tangshan earthquake "[p]robably one of the deadliest wraths of nature in modern times".
^ Cha 1976, стр. 7
^ Raleigh et al. 1977, стр. 259

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Spoljašnje veze[уреди | уреди извор]

"Integration of Public Administration and Earthquake Science: The Best Practice Case of Qinglong County" at GlobalWatch.org
An isoseismal map (showing the different zones of shaking intensity) of the Tangshan earthquake Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (28. новембар 2020)
Report on The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976: English translation of an extensive Chinese report from 1986.
Knotts, Joey (5. 12. 2019). „Beijing Tremors a Ghostly Reminder of Catastrophic 1976 Tangshan Quake”. The Beijinger.

[аутоматски_генерисано1-1] а ^б ISC-EHB Event 711732 [IRIS]

[аутоматски_генерисано2-2] а ^б ISC-EHB Event 711773 [IRIS]

[3] Xinhua News Agency, 29 July 2017; Chen et al. 1988

[4] So-called by numerous sources, of which the voluminous work edited by Housner & He (2002) is the most notable.

[5] Housner & He 2002, Prologue

[6] See the #Death toll section for the various fatality figures.

[7] Yeoh 2010, стр. 273; Press et al. 1975, стр. 879. Yeoh called the Tangshan earthquake "[p]robably one of the deadliest wraths of nature in modern times".

[8] Cha 1976, стр. 7

[9] Raleigh et al. 1977, стр. 259

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