Kanabis (lek) — разлика између измена
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{{Commonscat|Cannabis}} |
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* [http://topdocumentaryfilms.com/clearing-the-smoke-the-science-of-cannabis/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+TopDocumentaryFilms+%28Top+Documentary+Films+-+Watch+Free+Documentaries+Online%29 -{Montana PBS documentary,Clearing the Smoke}-] |
* [http://topdocumentaryfilms.com/clearing-the-smoke-the-science-of-cannabis/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+TopDocumentaryFilms+%28Top+Documentary+Films+-+Watch+Free+Documentaries+Online%29 -{Montana PBS documentary,Clearing the Smoke}-] |
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* [http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/1997/ |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141223175544/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/1997/WHO_msa_PSA_97.4.pdf -{"Cannabis: a health perspective and research agenda"}-] |
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* -{[http://www.jneurosci.org/content/24/24/5623.abstract "Endocannabinoids Inhibit Transmission at Granule Cell to Purkinje Cell Synapses by Modulating Three Types of Presynaptic Calcium Channels"]}- |
* -{[http://www.jneurosci.org/content/24/24/5623.abstract "Endocannabinoids Inhibit Transmission at Granule Cell to Purkinje Cell Synapses by Modulating Three Types of Presynaptic Calcium Channels"]}- |
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* [http://www.medicinskamarihuana.com/ -{Medicinska Marihuana}-] |
* [http://www.medicinskamarihuana.com/ -{Medicinska Marihuana}-] |
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Верзија на датум 25. август 2018. у 03:43
Kanabis (Cannabis), poznat i kao marihuana (marijuana), je osušeni cvet biljke kanabis, koje se koristi kao opojna droga i za medicinske svrhe.[1] Često se i cela biljka naziva marihuana. Ona je jedno od najblažih i najslabijih halucinogenih sredstva.
Kanabis sadrži psihoaktivni delta-9-tetrahidrokanabinol (Δ9-THC). On je jedno od preko 400 jedinjenja u biljci, uključujući druge kanabinoide, kao što su kanabidiol, kanabinol, i tetrahidrokanabivarin, koji mogu da proizvedu senzorne efekte za razliku od psihoaktivnog dejstva THC-a.[2]
Kanabidiol pokazuje znakove od velike medicinske važnosti, i u dosadašnjim istraživanjima je pokazao blagotvorna svojstva kao lek protiv bolova, protiv anksioznosti, protiv upaljenja kože, pacijenata sa letargijom i disforije, i za razliku od THC-a, ima antipsihotička svojstva. U SAD je u martu 2014. godine pušten u prodaju eksperimentalni lek Epidiolex, koji se koristi za lečenje epilespije kod dece i odraslih i koji trenutno ima status "orphan drug".
U današnje vreme se kanabis koristi kao rekreaciona droga, u verskim ili duhovnim obredima, ili za medicinske svrhe. Najraniji zapisi o upotrebi kanabiusa datiraju iz trećeg milenijuma pre nove ere, tačnije 2737. godine pre nove ere za vreme vladavine kineskog cara Šun Neng.[3] Ujedinjene nacije su 2004. procenile da konzumiranje kanabisa obuhvata 4.0 procenta svetske populacije (162 miliona ljudi) i da oko 0.6 procenata (22.5 miliona) ljudi koristi kanabis na dnevnoj bazi.[4] Od ranog 20. veka kanabis je zakonski ograničen, i njegovo posedovanje, upotreba, i prodaja su ilegalni u većini zemalja.[5][6]
Vidi još
Reference
- ^ Company, Houghton Mifflin (14. 11. 2007). Spanish Word Histories and Mysteries. American Heritage Dictionaries. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. стр. 142—. ISBN 0-618-91054-9, 9780618910540.
- ^ Fusar-Poli P; Crippa JA; Bhattacharyya S; et al. (2009). „Distinct effects of {delta}9-tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol on Neural Activation during Emotional Processing”. Archives of General Psychiatry. 66 (1): 95—105. PMID 19124693. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.519.
- ^ Rudgley, Richard (1998). Lost Civilisations of the Stone Age. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-684-85580-1.
- ^ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2006). Cannabis: Why We Should Care. (PDF). World Drug Report. 1. S.l.: United Nations. стр. 14. ISBN 92-1-148214-3.
- ^ „Cannabis: Legal Status”. Erowid.org. Приступљено 30. 10. 2011.
- ^ UNODC. World Drug Report 2010. United Nations Publication. стр. 198. Приступљено 19. 7. 2010.
Literatura
- Booth, Martin (2005). Cannabis: A History. Macmillan Publishers & Random House, Inc. ISBN 978-0-312-42494-7.
- Deitch, Robert (2003). Hemp: American history revisited: the plant with a divided history. Algora Pub. ISBN 0-87586-206-3.
- Earleywine, Mitchell (2005). Understanding marijuana: a new look at the scientific evidence. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-513893-7.
- Emmett, David; Graeme Nice (2009). What you need to know about cannabis: understanding the facts. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. ISBN 1-84310-697-3.
- Geoffrey William, Guy; Brian Anthony Whittle; Philip Robson (2004). The medicinal uses of cannabis and cannabinoids. Pharmaceutical Press. ISBN 0-85369-517-2.
- Holland, Julie M.D. (2010). The pot book : a complete guide to cannabis : its role in medicine, politics, science, and culture. Park Street Press. ISBN 978-1-59477-368-6.
- Iversen, Leslie L (2008). The science of marijuana (2nd изд.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-532824-0.
- Jenkins, Richard (2006). Cannabis and young people: reviewing the evidence. Jessica Kingsley. ISBN 1-84310-398-2.
- Lambert, Didier M (2008). Cannabinoids in Nature and Medicine. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 3-906390-56-X.
- Roffman, Roger A; Robert S. Stephens (2006). Cannabis dependence: its nature, consequences, and treatment. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-81447-2.
- Russo, Ethan; Melanie Creagan Dreher; Mary Lynn Mathre (2004). Women and cannabis: medicine, science, and sociology. Haworth Press. ISBN 0-7890-2101-3.
- Solowij, Nadia (1998). Cannabis and cognitive functioning. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-59114-7.
- Company, Houghton Mifflin; American Heritage Dictionaries (2007). Spanish Word Histories and Mysteries. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. стр. 142—. ISBN 0-618-91054-9, 9780618910540.
- Rudgley, Richard (1998). Lost Civilisations of the Stone Age. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-684-85580-1.
- UNODC. World Drug Report 2010. United Nations Publication. стр. 198. Приступљено 19. 7. 2010.
