Mongolska visoravan
Mongolska visoravan je deo Centralnoazijske visoravni koji leži između 37°46′-53°08′S i 87°40′-122°15′I i ima površinu od približno 3.200.000 km2 (1.200.000 sq mi). Na istoku je omeđena Velikim Hinganskim planinama, Jinskim planinama na jugu, Altajskim planinama na zapadu i planinama Sajanskim i Hentajskim planinama na severu.[1] Visoravan obuhvata pustinju Gobi, kao i suve stepske regije. Ona ima nadmorsku visinu od oko 1.000 do 1.500 metara, sa najnižom tačkom u Hulunbuiru i najvišom tačkom na Altaju.[1]
Politički, visoravan je podeljena između Mongolije, Kine i Rusije. U Kini, delovi Unutrašnje Mongolije i Sinkjang autonomnih regija leže na visoravni. U Rusiji je visoravan deo Burjatije i južne Irkutske oblasti.
Istorija[уреди | уреди извор]
Na platou su živele i osvajale ga razne grupe, uključujući (hronološki) Sjungnu, Sjanbi, Plavi Turci, dinastija Tang, dinastija Ljao, Mongolsko carstvo i dinastija Ćing.
Promene okruženja[уреди | уреди извор]
Mnoga jezera na Mongolskoj visoravni, poput Čaganskog i Sinkaj jezera, smanjila su se za dve trećine njihove površine. Neka su se potpuno osušila; jezera Huangkihaj i Najman Sihu u potpunosti su presušila između 1980. i 2010. Iako je poraslo nekoliko jezera, poput jezera Istočni Đujan i Had Paoci, u proseku se ukupna površina jezera smanjila za 30%.[2][3]
Reference[уреди | уреди извор]
- ^ а б Zhang, Xueyan; Hu, Yunfeng; Zhuang, Dafang; Qi, Yongqing; Ma, Xin (2009). „NDVI spatial pattern and its differentiation on the Mongolian Plateau”. Journal of Geographical Sciences. Springer-Verlag. 19 (4): 405. doi:10.1007/s11442-009-0403-7.
- ^ „Shrinking Lakes on the Mongolian Plateau”. NASA. 8. 4. 2015. Приступљено 26. 11. 2016.
- ^ Tao, Shengli; Fang, Jingyun; Zhao, Xia; Zhao, Shuqing; Shen, Haihua; Hu, Huifeng; Tang, Zhiyao; Wang, Zhiheng; Guo, Qinghua (17. 2. 2015). „Rapid loss of lakes on the Mongolian Plateau”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 112 (7): 2281—2286. PMC 4343146
. PMID 25646423. doi:10.1073/pnas.1411748112.
Literatura[уреди | уреди извор]
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- Bellér-Hann, Ildikó (2008). Community Matters in Xinjiang, 1880-1949: Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur. Brill. ISBN 978-9004166752.
- Hill, John E. 2004. The Peoples of the West from the Weilue 魏略 by Yu Huan 魚豢: A Third Century Chinese Account Composed between 239 and 265 CE. Draft annotated English translation. [1]
- Hill, John E. (2009) Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd Centuries CE. BookSurge, Charleston, South Carolina. ISBN 978-1-4392-2134-1.
- Mallory, J.P. and Mair, Victor H. 2000. The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West. Thames & Hudson. London. ISBN 0-500-05101-1.
- Edme Mentelle; Malte Conrad Brun (dit Conrad) Malte-Brun; Pierre-Etienne Herbin de Halle (1804). Géographie mathématique, physique & politique de toutes les parties du monde, Volume 12 (на језику: француски). H. Tardieu. Приступљено 10. 3. 2014.
- Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 (illustrated изд.). Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0804729338. Приступљено 10. 3. 2014.
- Stein, Aurel M. 1907. Ancient Khotan: Detailed report of archaeological explorations in Chinese Turkestan, 2 vols. Clarendon Press. Oxford. [2]
- Stein, Aurel M. 1921. Serindia: Detailed report of explorations in Central Asia and westernmost China, 5 vols. London & Oxford. Clarendon Press. Reprint: Delhi. Motilal Banarsidass. 1980. [3]
- Stein Aurel M. 1928. Innermost Asia: Detailed report of explorations in Central Asia, Kan-su and Eastern Iran, 5 vols. Clarendon Press. Reprint: New Delhi. Cosmo Publications. 1981.
- John, Ranjeet; et al. (2013). „Vegetation response to extreme climate events on the Mongolian Plateau from 2000 to 2010”. Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing. 8 (3): 035033. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035033 .
- „Mongolian Plateau region, Mongolia and China”. Britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2. 8. 1999. Приступљено 26. 11. 2016.
- Jarring, Gunnar (1997). "The toponym Takla-makan", Turkic Languages, Vol. 1, pp. 227–240.
- Hopkirk, Peter (1980). Foreign Devils on the Silk Road: The Search for the Lost Cities and Treasures of Chinese Central Asia. Amherst: The University of Massachusetts Press. ISBN 0-87023-435-8.
- Hopkirk, Peter (1994). The Great Game: The Struggle for Empire in Central Asia. ISBN 1-56836-022-3.
- Tamm, Eric Enno (2010). The Horse That Leaps Through Clouds. Vancouver/Toronto/Berkeley: Douglas & McIntyre. ISBN 9781553652694 (cloth); ISBN 978-1-55365-638-8 (ebook).
- Warner, Thomas T. (2004). Desert Meteorology. Cambridge University Press, 612 pages. ISBN 0-521-81798-6.
- Cariou, Alain (2010). „Taklamakan”. Encyclopaedia Iranica.
- Chisholm, Hugh, ур. (1911). „Takla Makan”. Encyclopædia Britannica (на језику: енглески). 26 (11 изд.). Cambridge University Press. стр. 365—366.
- Tian, Fei; Lu, Xinbian; Zheng, Songqing; Zhang, Hongfang; Rong, Yuanshuai; Yang, Debin; Liu, Naigui (2017-06-26). „Structure and Filling Characteristics of Paleokarst Reservoirs in the Northern Tarim Basin, Revealed by Outcrop, Core and Borehole Images”. Open Geosciences. 9 (1): 266—280. Bibcode:2017OGeo....9...22T. ISSN 2391-5447. doi:10.1515/geo-2017-0022 .
- Boliang, H., 1992, Petroleum Geology and Prospects of Tarim (Talimu) Basin, China, In Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade, 1978-1988, AAPG Memoir 54, Halbouty, M.T., editor, Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, ISBN 0891813330
- „Natural Gas Geochemistry in the Tarim Basin, China and Its Indication to Gas Filling History, by Tongwei Zhang, Quanyou Liu, Jinxing Dai, and Yongchun Tang, #10131”. www.searchanddiscovery.net. 2007. Архивирано из оригинала на датум 2008-10-26.
- Karen Teo (4. 1. 2005). „Doubts over Sinopec oil find in Tarim”. thestandard.com.hk. Архивирано из оригинала на датум 10. 3. 2011.
- „Baker Hughes Signs Strategic Framework Agreement with PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Co.”. bakerhughes.com. 10. 6. 2010. Архивирано из оригинала на датум 19. 6. 2010.
- Li, Yan; Wang, Yu-Gang; Houghton, R. A.; Tang, Li-Song (2015). „Hidden carbon sink beneath desert”. Geophysical Research Letters (на језику: енглески). 42 (14): 5880—5887. Bibcode:2015GeoRL..42.5880L. ISSN 1944-8007. doi:10.1002/2015GL064222 . Генерални сажетак – Inhabitat (2015-09-16).
Spoljašnje veze[уреди | уреди извор]
- Wong, Edward (2009-07-12). „Rumbles on the Rim of China's Empire - NYTimes.com”. www.nytimes.com. Архивирано из оригинала на датум 2011-12-04. Приступљено 2009-07-13.