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{{rut}}'''Proantocijanidini A-tipa''' su specifičan tip [[proantocijanidin]]a, koji su klasa [[flavanoid]]a. Proantocijanidini se pripadaju u širokom opsegu imena u nutricionom i naučnom žargonu, uključujući [[oligomer]]e proantocijanidine, [[flavanoid]]e, [[polifenol]]e, [[kondenzovani tanin|kondenzovane tanine]], i OPC jedinjenja. Proantocijanidine je prvi popularizovao francuski naučnih Žak Maskelijer.<ref>{{Cite journal|pmid=10767669 |url=http://www.chiroonline.net/_fileCabinet/opc.pdf |year=2000 |last1=Fine |first1=AM |title=Oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes: history, structure, and phytopharmaceutical applications |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=144–51 |journal=Alternative medicine review}}</ref>
'''Proantocijanidini A-tipa''' su specifičan tip [[proantocijanidin]]a, koji su klasa [[flavanoid]]a. Proantocijanidini se ubrajaju u širok opseg imena u nutricionom i naučnom žargonu, uključujući [[oligomer]]e proantocijanidine, [[flavanoid]]e, [[polifenol]]e, [[kondenzovani tanin|kondenzovane tanine]], i OPC jedinjenja. Proantocijanidine je prvi popularizovao francuski naučnih Žak Maskelijer.<ref>{{Cite journal|pmid=10767669 |url=http://www.chiroonline.net/_fileCabinet/opc.pdf |year=2000 |last1=Fine |first1=AM |title=Oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes: history, structure, and phytopharmaceutical applications |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=144–51 |journal=Alternative medicine review}}</ref>


== Distribucija u biljkama ==
== Distribucija u biljkama ==
[[File:Dimeric A type Procyanidin numbered.PNG|thumb|right|200px|Schematic chemical structure of an A type proanthocyanidin dimer]]
[[File:Dimeric A type Procyanidin numbered.PNG|thumb|right|200px|Hemijska struktura A tipa proantocijanidinskog dimera]]
A-type linkage is a less common feature in proanthocyanidins with both 4β→8 ([[B Type Proanthocyanidin|B-type]]) and 2β→O→7 interflavanoid bonds.<ref name="Neto">{{Cite journal|pmid=17182824 |year=2007 |last1=Neto |first1=CC |title=Cranberry and its phytochemicals: a review of in vitro anticancer studies |volume=137 |issue=1 Suppl |pages=186S–193S |journal=The Journal of Nutrition}}</ref>
A-tip veze je manje zastupljeno svojstvo kod proantocijanidina sa 4β→8 ([[Proantocijanidin B-tipa|B-tip]]) i 2β→O→7 interflavanoidnim vezama.<ref name="Neto">{{Cite journal|pmid=17182824 |year=2007 |last1=Neto |first1=CC |title=Cranberry and its phytochemicals: a review of in vitro anticancer studies |volume=137 |issue=1 Suppl |pages=186S–193S |journal=The Journal of Nutrition}}</ref>


A-type proanthocyanidin [[glycoside]]s can be isolated from [[cocoa liquor]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hatano |first1=T |last2=Miyatake |first2=H |last3=Natsume |first3=M |last4=Osakabe |first4=N |last5=Takizawa |first5=T |last6=Ito |first6=H |last7=Yoshida |first7=T |title=Proanthocyanidin glycosides and related polyphenols from cacao liquor and their antioxidant effects |journal=Phytochemistry |volume=59 |issue=7 |year=2002 |pmid=11909632 |doi=10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00051-1 |pages=749–58}}</ref>
A-tip proantocijanidinskih [[glikozid]]a se može izolovati iz [[Čokoladna tečnost|čokoladne tečnosti]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hatano |first1=T |last2=Miyatake |first2=H |last3=Natsume |first3=M |last4=Osakabe |first4=N |last5=Takizawa |first5=T |last6=Ito |first6=H |last7=Yoshida |first7=T |title=Proanthocyanidin glycosides and related polyphenols from cacao liquor and their antioxidant effects |journal=Phytochemistry |volume=59 |issue=7 |year=2002 |pmid=11909632 |doi=10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00051-1 |pages=749–58}}</ref>

=== Dimeri ===
* [[Procijanidin A1]] je epikatehin-(2β→7,4β→8)-epikatehinski dimer.
* [[Procijanidin A2]] je dimerni (-)epikatehin.

Drugi proantocijanidini A-tipa se mogu naći u [[brusnica]]ma,<ref name="Neto"/> [[cimet]]u,<ref name="María Luisa Mateos-Martín">{{cite journal | url = http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00216-011-5557-3 | title = New identification of proanthocyanidins in cinnamon (''Cinnamomum zeylanicum'' L.) using MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry |author1=María Luisa Mateos-Martín |author2=Elisabet Fuguet |author3=Carmen Quero |author4=Jara Pérez-Jiménez |author5=Josep Lluís Torres | year = 2012 | journal = Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry | volume = 402 | issue = 3 | pages = 1327–1336 | doi = 10.1007/s00216-011-5557-3 | pmid = 22101466 }}</ref> ljusci kikirikija<ref>de Camargo, A. C.; Regitano-d'Arce, M. A. B.; Gallo, C. R.; Shahidi, F., Gamma-irradiation induced changes in microbiological status, phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of peanut skin. Journal of Functional Foods 2015, 12, 129-143</ref><ref name="Hongxiang">{{cite journal | url = http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=1831517 | title = A-type proanthocyanidins from peanut skins |author1=Hongxiang Lou |author2=Yamazaku Y. |author3=Sasaku T. |author4=Uchida M. |author5=Tanaka H. |author6=Oka S. | year = 1999 | journal = Phytochemistry | volume = 51 | issue = 2 | pages = 297–308 | doi = 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00736-5 }}</ref> i ''[[Geranium niveum]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal
| pmid = 10346950
| year = 1999
| last1 = Calzada
| first1 = F
| last2 = Cerda-García-Rojas
| first2 = CM
| last3 = Meckes
| first3 = M
| last4 = Cedillo-Rivera
| first4 = R
| last5 = Bye
| first5 = R
| last6 = Mata
| first6 = R
| title = Geranins a and B, new antiprotozoal A-type proanthocyanidins from Geranium niveum
| volume = 62
| issue = 5
| pages = 705–9
| doi = 10.1021/np980467b
| journal = Journal of Natural Products}}</ref>


== Reference ==
== Reference ==

Верзија на датум 15. јануар 2017. у 10:23

Proantocijanidini A-tipa su specifičan tip proantocijanidina, koji su klasa flavanoida. Proantocijanidini se ubrajaju u širok opseg imena u nutricionom i naučnom žargonu, uključujući oligomere proantocijanidine, flavanoide, polifenole, kondenzovane tanine, i OPC jedinjenja. Proantocijanidine je prvi popularizovao francuski naučnih Žak Maskelijer.[1]

Distribucija u biljkama

Hemijska struktura A tipa proantocijanidinskog dimera

A-tip veze je manje zastupljeno svojstvo kod proantocijanidina sa 4β→8 (B-tip) i 2β→O→7 interflavanoidnim vezama.[2]

A-tip proantocijanidinskih glikozida se može izolovati iz čokoladne tečnosti.[3]

Dimeri

Drugi proantocijanidini A-tipa se mogu naći u brusnicama,[2] cimetu,[4] ljusci kikirikija[5][6] i Geranium niveum.[7]

Reference

  1. ^ Fine, AM (2000). „Oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes: history, structure, and phytopharmaceutical applications” (PDF). Alternative medicine review. 5 (2): 144—51. PMID 10767669. 
  2. ^ а б Neto, CC (2007). „Cranberry and its phytochemicals: a review of in vitro anticancer studies”. The Journal of Nutrition. 137 (1 Suppl): 186S—193S. PMID 17182824. 
  3. ^ Hatano, T; Miyatake, H; Natsume, M; Osakabe, N; Takizawa, T; Ito, H; Yoshida, T (2002). „Proanthocyanidin glycosides and related polyphenols from cacao liquor and their antioxidant effects”. Phytochemistry. 59 (7): 749—58. PMID 11909632. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00051-1. 
  4. ^ María Luisa Mateos-Martín; Elisabet Fuguet; Carmen Quero; Jara Pérez-Jiménez; Josep Lluís Torres (2012). „New identification of proanthocyanidins in cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum L.) using MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry”. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 402 (3): 1327—1336. PMID 22101466. doi:10.1007/s00216-011-5557-3. 
  5. ^ de Camargo, A. C.; Regitano-d'Arce, M. A. B.; Gallo, C. R.; Shahidi, F., Gamma-irradiation induced changes in microbiological status, phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of peanut skin. Journal of Functional Foods 2015, 12, 129-143
  6. ^ Hongxiang Lou; Yamazaku Y.; Sasaku T.; Uchida M.; Tanaka H.; Oka S. (1999). „A-type proanthocyanidins from peanut skins”. Phytochemistry. 51 (2): 297—308. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00736-5. 
  7. ^ Calzada, F; Cerda-García-Rojas, CM; Meckes, M; Cedillo-Rivera, R; Bye, R; Mata, R (1999). „Geranins a and B, new antiprotozoal A-type proanthocyanidins from Geranium niveum”. Journal of Natural Products. 62 (5): 705—9. PMID 10346950. doi:10.1021/np980467b. 
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