Ochrophyte

Ochrophyte
	Gusta šuma morskih algi sa podlogom
Naučna klasifikacija
Kladus:	SAR
Infracarstvo:	Heterokonta
Tip:	Gyrista
Podtip:	Ochrophytina; Cavalier-Smith, 1995
Klase
	Olisthodiscophyceae; Chrysista Limnistia Chrysophyceae; Eustigmatophyceae; Synchromophyceae; ; Raphidoistia Raphidomonadea; ; Fucistia Aurophyceae; Chrysomerophyceae; Chrysoparadoxophyceae; Phaeosacciophyceae; Phaeophyceae; Schizocladiophyceae; Xanthophyceae; ; ; Diatomista Hypogyrista Dictyochophyceae; Pinguiophyceae; ; Khakista Bolidophyceae; Bacillariophyceae; ; ;
Sinonimi
	Heterokontophyta van den Hoek et al., 1978; Ochrista Cavalier-Smith, 1986; Stramenochromes Leipe et al., 1994;

Ochrophytes su grupa uglavnom fotosintetskih stramenopila (heterokonta), smeštenih ili u razdeo Ochrophyta ili podrazdeo Ochrophytina.^[5]^[6]^[7] Njihov plastid je poreklom od crvenih algi.^[8]^[7]

Klasifikacija grupe se još razvija. Prvobitno, okrofiti su smatrani razdelom koji se naziva Ochrophyta. Neki autori su ga podelili na dva podrayreda, Phaeista Cavalier-Smith 1995 (koji obuhvata Hypogyristea i Chrysista u nekim klasifikacijama, ili Limnista i Marista u drugima) i Khakista Cavalier-Smith, 2000 (sadrži Bolidophyceae i silikatne alge).^[9]

Filogenija[уреди | уреди извор]

Kladogram ispod prikazuje evolutivne odnose između svih klasa okrofita. Zasnovan je na najnovijim filogenetskim analizama:^[10]^[7]^[11]^[12]

Ochrophytina

Chrysista

"SI klada"

Fucistia

	Xanthophyceae – žutozelene alge Allorge ex Fritsch 1935

	Chrysoparadoxophyceae Wetherbee et al. 2019

Phaeosacciophyceae
R.A.Andersen, L.Graf & H.S.Yoon 2020

	Schizocladiophyceae Henry, Okuda & Kawai 2003

	Phaeophyceae – smeđe alge Kjellman 1891

Aurophyceae
Cavalier-Smith 2013

"PX klada"

Raphidoistia

Raphidomonadea
Chadefaud ex Silva 1980

"SII klada"

Olisthodiscophyceae
Barcytė, Eikrem & M. Eliáš 2021

Limnistia

	Chrysophyceae – zlatne alge Pascher 1914

	Synchromophyceae Horn et al. 2007

Eustigmatophyceae
Hibberd & Leedale 1971

Diatomista

Hypogyrista

	Dictyochophyceae Silva 1980

	Pinguiophyceae Kawachi et al. 2002

Khakista

	Bolidophyceae Guillou & Chretiennot-Dinet 1999

	Bacillariophyceae – Silikatne alge Dangeard 1933

"SIII klada"

Verovatna sestrinska klada Ochrophyta/Ochrophytina je Actinophryidae,^[13] prvobitno klasifikovana kao heliozoanski protisti.^[14]

Reference[уреди | уреди извор]

^ Cavalier-Smith T (1995). „Zooflagellate phylogeny and classification”. Cytology. 37 (11): 1010—1029. PMID 8868448.
^ Cavalier-Smith, T. (1986). The kingdom Chromista, origin and systematics. In: Round, F.E. and Chapman, D.J. (eds.). Progress in Phycological Research. 4: 309–347.
^ Reviers, B. de. (2006). Biologia e Filogenia das Algas. Editora Artmed, Porto Alegre, p. 157.
^ Reviers, B. de. (2006). Biologia e Filogenia das Algas. Editora Artmed, Porto Alegre, pp. 15-16.
^ Thomas Cavalier-Smith; Ema E.-Y. Chao (2006). „Phylogeny and megasystematics of phagotrophic heterokonts (kingdom Chromista)”. Journal of Molecular Evolution. 62 (4): 388—420. Bibcode:2006JMolE..62..388C. PMID 16557340. S2CID 29567514. doi:10.1007/s00239-004-0353-8.
^ Ingvild Riisberga; Russell J. S. Orr; Ragnhild Kluge; Kamran Shalchian-Tabrizi; Holly A. Bowers; Vishwanath Patil; Bente Edvardsen; Kjetill S. Jakobsen (2009). „Seven gene phylogeny of heterokonts”. Protist. 160 (2): 191—204. PMID 19213601. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2008.11.004.
^ ^а ^б ^в Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2018). „Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences”. Protoplasma. 255 (1): 297—357. PMC 5756292 . PMID 28875267. doi:10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3 .
^ Ševčíková T, Horák A, Klimeš V, et al. (2015). „Updating algal evolutionary relationships through plastid genome sequencing: did alveolate plastids emerge through endosymbiosis of an ochrophyte?”. Sci Rep. 5: 10134. Bibcode:2015NatSR...510134S. PMC 4603697 . PMID 26017773. doi:10.1038/srep10134 .
^ „Heterokontophyta”. SHIGEN. National Institute of Genetics. Приступљено 18. 6. 2009.
^ Derelle R, López-García P, Timpano H, Moreira D (новембар 2016). „A Phylogenomic Framework to Study the Diversity and Evolution of Stramenopiles (=Heterokonts)”. Mol Biol Evol. 33 (11): 2890—2898. PMC 5482393 . PMID 27512113. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw168 .
^ Graf L, Yang EC, Han KY, Küpper FC, Benes KM, Oyadomari JK, Herbert RJH, Verbruggen H, Wetherbee R, Andersen RA, Yoon HS (децембар 2020). „Multigene Phylogeny, Morphological Observation and Re-examination of the Literature Lead to the Description of the Phaeosacciophyceae Classis Nova and Four New Species of the Heterokontophyta SI Clade”. Protist. 171 (6): 125781. PMID 33278705. S2CID 227315556. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2020.125781 .
^ Dovilė Barcytė; Wenche Eikrem; Anette Engesmo; Sergio Seoane; Jens Wohlmann; Aleš Horák; Tatiana Yurchenko; Marek Eliáš (2. 3. 2021). „Olisthodiscus represents a new class of Ochrophyta”. Journal of Phycology. 57 (4): 1094—1118. PMID 33655496. doi:10.1111/jpy.13155 . hdl:10852/86515 .
^ Azuma, Tomonori; Pánek, Tomáš; Tice, Alexander K.; Kayama, Motoki; Kobayashi, Mayumi; Miyashita, Hideaki; Suzaki, Toshinobu; Yabuki, Akinori; Brown, Matthew W.; Kamikawa, Ryoma (10. 4. 2022). „An Enigmatic Stramenopile Sheds Light on Early Evolution in Ochrophyta Plastid Organellogenesis”. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 39 (4). PMC 9004409 . PMID 35348760. doi:10.1093/molbev/msac065.
^ Mikrjukov, Kirill A.; Patterson, David J. (2001). „Taxonomy and phylogeny of Heliozoa. III. Actinophryids” (PDF). Acta Protozoologica. 40: 3—25.

Spoljašnje veze[уреди | уреди извор]

[1] Cavalier-Smith T (1995). „Zooflagellate phylogeny and classification”. Cytology. 37 (11): 1010—1029. PMID 8868448.

[2] Cavalier-Smith, T. (1986). The kingdom Chromista, origin and systematics. In: Round, F.E. and Chapman, D.J. (eds.). Progress in Phycological Research. 4: 309–347.

[3] Reviers, B. de. (2006). Biologia e Filogenia das Algas. Editora Artmed, Porto Alegre, p. 157.

[4] Reviers, B. de. (2006). Biologia e Filogenia das Algas. Editora Artmed, Porto Alegre, pp. 15-16.

[5] Thomas Cavalier-Smith; Ema E.-Y. Chao (2006). „Phylogeny and megasystematics of phagotrophic heterokonts (kingdom Chromista)”. Journal of Molecular Evolution. 62 (4): 388—420. Bibcode:2006JMolE..62..388C. PMID 16557340. S2CID 29567514. doi:10.1007/s00239-004-0353-8.

[6] Ingvild Riisberga; Russell J. S. Orr; Ragnhild Kluge; Kamran Shalchian-Tabrizi; Holly A. Bowers; Vishwanath Patil; Bente Edvardsen; Kjetill S. Jakobsen (2009). „Seven gene phylogeny of heterokonts”. Protist. 160 (2): 191—204. PMID 19213601. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2008.11.004.

[8phyla-7] а ^б ^в Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2018). „Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences”. Protoplasma. 255 (1): 297—357. PMC 5756292 . PMID 28875267. doi:10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3 .

[8] Ševčíková T, Horák A, Klimeš V, et al. (2015). „Updating algal evolutionary relationships through plastid genome sequencing: did alveolate plastids emerge through endosymbiosis of an ochrophyte?”. Sci Rep. 5: 10134. Bibcode:2015NatSR...510134S. PMC 4603697 . PMID 26017773. doi:10.1038/srep10134 .

[9] „Heterokontophyta”. SHIGEN. National Institute of Genetics. Приступљено 18. 6. 2009.

[StramenoFramework-10] Derelle R, López-García P, Timpano H, Moreira D (новембар 2016). „A Phylogenomic Framework to Study the Diversity and Evolution of Stramenopiles (=Heterokonts)”. Mol Biol Evol. 33 (11): 2890—2898. PMC 5482393 . PMID 27512113. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw168 .

[Phaeosacciophyceae-11] Graf L, Yang EC, Han KY, Küpper FC, Benes KM, Oyadomari JK, Herbert RJH, Verbruggen H, Wetherbee R, Andersen RA, Yoon HS (децембар 2020). „Multigene Phylogeny, Morphological Observation and Re-examination of the Literature Lead to the Description of the Phaeosacciophyceae Classis Nova and Four New Species of the Heterokontophyta SI Clade”. Protist. 171 (6): 125781. PMID 33278705. S2CID 227315556. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2020.125781 .

[Olisthodiscophyceae-12] Dovilė Barcytė; Wenche Eikrem; Anette Engesmo; Sergio Seoane; Jens Wohlmann; Aleš Horák; Tatiana Yurchenko; Marek Eliáš (2. 3. 2021). „Olisthodiscus represents a new class of Ochrophyta”. Journal of Phycology. 57 (4): 1094—1118. PMID 33655496. doi:10.1111/jpy.13155 . hdl:10852/86515 .

[13] Azuma, Tomonori; Pánek, Tomáš; Tice, Alexander K.; Kayama, Motoki; Kobayashi, Mayumi; Miyashita, Hideaki; Suzaki, Toshinobu; Yabuki, Akinori; Brown, Matthew W.; Kamikawa, Ryoma (10. 4. 2022). „An Enigmatic Stramenopile Sheds Light on Early Evolution in Ochrophyta Plastid Organellogenesis”. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 39 (4). PMC 9004409 . PMID 35348760. doi:10.1093/molbev/msac065.

[Heliozoa_III-14] Mikrjukov, Kirill A.; Patterson, David J. (2001). „Taxonomy and phylogeny of Heliozoa. III. Actinophryids” (PDF). Acta Protozoologica. 40: 3—25.

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