Leonard Bernstajn

Leonard Bernstajn
Puno ime	Luis Bernstajn
Datum rođenja	(1918-08-25)25. avgust 1918.
Mesto rođenja	Lorens, Masačusets, SAD
Datum smrti	14. oktobar 1990.(1990-10-14) (72 god.)
Mesto smrti	Njujork, SAD
Zanimanje	Kompozitor, dirigent, autor, profesor i pijanista.
Aktivni period	1940—1990.
Supruga	Felisija Montealegre (v. 1951 —  s. 1978)
Deca	3
Veb-sajt	www.leonardbernstein.com
Potpis

Leonard Bernstajn (engl. Leonard Bernstein; 25. avgust 1918 — 14. oktobar 1990) bio je američki kompozitor, dirigent, autor, predavač muzike i pijanista. Bio je među prvim dirigentima rođenim i obrazovanim u SAD koji su dobili svetsko priznanje. Prema muzičkom kritičaru Donalu Henenu, on je bio "jedan od najneverovatnije talentovanih i uspešnih muzičara u američkoj istoriji".

Njegova slava proističe iz njegovog dugog mandata muzičkog direktora Njujorške filharmonije, iz dirigovanja na koncertima sa većinom svetskih vodećih orkestara i iz njegove muzike West Side Story, Peter Pan, Candide, Wonderful Town, On the Town, On the Waterfront, Mass, kao i mnogih drugih kompozicija koje uključuju tri simfonije i mnoga kamerna i solistička dela.

Bernstajn je prvi dirigent koji je dao seriju televizijskih predavanja o klasičnoj muzici, počevši od 1954. godine i koja su trajala do njegove smrti. Bio je vešt pijanista, često dirigujući pijanističke koncerte sa klavijature. Takođe je bio kritična figura u savremenom preporodu muzike Gustava Malera, kompozitora za kojeg je imao najstrastvenije interesovanje.

Kao kompozitor, pisao je u mnogim stilovima koji obuhvataju simfonijsku i orkestralnu muziku, balet, filmsku i pozorišnu muziku, horske radove, operu, kamernu muziku i komade za klavir. Mnoga njegova dela redovno se izvode širom sveta, iako se nijedno ne može porediti sa ogromnom popularnošću i kritičkim uspehom West Side Story.

Dela

Baleti

• Fancy Free, 1944
• Facsimile, Choreographic Essay for Orchestra, 1946
• Dybbuk, 1974

Opere

• Trouble in Tahiti, 1952
• Candide, 1956
• A Quiet Place, 1983

Mjuzikli

• On The Town, 1944
• Wonderful Town, 1953
• West Side Story, 1957
• The Race to Urga, 1969
• By Bernstein (a Revue), 1975
• 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, 1976
• A Party with Betty Comden and Adolph Green, 1977
• The Madwoman of Central Park West, 1979

Scenska muzika

• Peter Pan, 1950
• The Lark, 1955
• The Firstborn, 1958
• MASS, 1971
• Side by Side by Sondheim, 1976

Filmska muzika

• On the Town, 1949
• On the Waterfront, 1954
• West Side Story, 1961

Orkestarska muzika

• Symphony No. 1 Jeremiah, 1942
• Fancy Free and Three Dance Variations from "Fancy Free", 1946
• Three Dance Episodes from "On the Town", 1947
• Symphony No. 2 The Age of Anxiety, 1949
• Serenade after Plato's "Symposium", 1954
• Prelude, Fugue, and Riffs, 1949
• Symphonic Suite from "On the Waterfront", 1955
• Symphonic Dances from "West Side Story", 1961
• Symphony No. 3 Kaddish, 1963
• Dybbuk, 1975
• Songfest: A Cycle of American Poems for Six Singers and Orchestra, 1977
• Three Meditations from "MASS" , 1977
• Slava! A Political Overture, 1977
• Divertimento for Orchestra, 1980
• Ḥalil, 1981
• Koncert za orkestar, 1989

Horska muzika

• Hashkiveinu, 1945
• Missa Brevis, 1988
• Chichester Psalms, 1965

Kamerna muzika

• Piano Trio, 1937, Boosey & Hawkes
• Sonata for Clarinet and Piano, 1942
• Brass Music, 1959
• Dance Suite, 1988

Vokalna muzika

• I Hate Music: A cycle of Five Kids Songs for Soprano and Piano, 1943
• Big Stuff, otpevala Bili Holidej
• La Bonne Cuisine: Four Recipes for Voice and Piano, 1948
• Silhouette (Galilee), 1951
• Two Love Songs, 1960
• So Pretty, 1968
• Piccola Serenata, 1979
• Opening Prayer, 1986
• Arias and Barcarolles, 1988

Muzika za klavir

• Music for Two Pianos, 1937
• Piano Sonata, 1938
• 7 Anniversaries, 1944
• 4 Anniversaries, 1948
• 5 Anniversaries, 1952
• Bridal Suite, 1960
• Moby Diptych, 1981
• Touches, 1981
• 13 Anniversaries, 1988

Bubliografija

• Bernstein, Leonard (1993) [1982]. Findings. New York: Anchor Books. ISBN 978-0-385-42437-0. 
• — (1993) [1966]. The Infinite Variety of Music. New York: Anchor Books. ISBN 978-0-385-42438-7. 
• — (2004) [1959]. The Joy of Music. Pompton Plains, New Jersey: Amadeus Press. ISBN 978-1-57467-104-9. 
• — (2006) [1962]. Young People's Concerts. Milwaukee; Cambridge: Amadeus Press. ISBN 978-1-57467-102-5. 
• — (1976). The Unanswered Question: Six Talks at Harvard. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-92001-5. 
• — (2013). The Leonard Bernstein Letters'. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-17909-5. Arhivirano iz originala 27. 01. 2020. g. Pristupljeno 25. 07. 2020. 

Videografija

• The Unanswered Question: Six Talks at Harvard. West Long Branch, New Jersey: Kultur Video. VHS ISBN 1-56127-570-0. DVD ISBN 0-7697-1570-2. (videotape of the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures given at Harvard in 1973)
• Leonard Bernstein's Young People's Concerts with the New York Philharmonic. West Long Branch, New Jersey: Kultur Video. DVD ISBN 0-7697-1503-6.
• Bernstein on Beethoven: A Celebration in Vienna/Beethoven: Piano Concerto No. 1. West Long Branch, Kultur Video. DVD
• Leonard Bernstein: Omnibus – The Historic TV Broadcasts, 2010, E1 Ent.
• Bernstein: Reflections (1978), A rare personal portrait of Leonard Bernstein by Peter Rosen. Euroarts DVD
• Bernstein/Beethoven (1982), Deutsche Grammophon, DVD
• The Metropolitan Opera Centennial Gala (1983), Deutsche Grammophon, DVD 00440-073-4538
• Bernstein Conducts "West Side Story" (1985) (retitled The Making of West Side Story in re-releases) Deutsche Grammophon. DVD
• "The Rite of Spring" in Rehearsal
• Mozart's Great Mass in C minor, Exsultate, jubilate & Ave verum corpus (1990), Deutsche Grammophon. DVD 00440-073-4240
• "Leonard Bernstein: Reaching for the Note" (1998) Documentary on his life and music. Originally aired on PBS's American Masters series. DVD

Literatura

• Laird, Paul R. (2002). Leonard Bernstein: A Guide to Research (na jeziku: engleski). Psychology Press. ISBN 9780815335177. 
• Peyser, Joan (1987). Bernstein, a Biography. New York: Beech Tree Books/William Morrow. ISBN 978-0-688-04918-8. 
• Secrest, Meryle (1994). Leonard Bernstein A Life. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0679407316. 
• Seldes, Barry (2009). Leonard Bernstein: The Political Life of an American Musician. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520257641. 
• Bernstein, Burton (1982). Family Matters: Sam, Jennie, and the Kids. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0595133420. 
• Bernstein, Burton; Haws, Barbara, ur. (2008). Leonard Bernstein: American Original. Contains chapters by Alan Rich, Paul Boyer, Carol J. Oja, Tim Page, Burton Bernstein, Jonathan Rosenberg, Joseph Horowitz, Bill McGlaughlin, James M. Keller, and John Adams. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-153786-8. 
• Bernstein, Jamie (2018). Famous Father Girl: A Memoir of Growing Up Bernstein. HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-264135-9.
• Bernstein, Shirley (1963). Making Music: Leonard Bernstein. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Press. Making music: Leonard Bernstein. Encyclopaedia Britannica. januar 1963. ASIN B0007E073Y. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza).
• Briggs, John . Leonard Bernstein: The Man, His Works and His World. World Publishing Co. . 1961. ISBN 978-1163810798. 
• Burton, Humphrey (1994). Leonard Bernstein. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-42345-8. 
• Burton, William W (1995). . Conversations about Bernstein. New York: Oxford University Press, New York. ISBN 978-0195079470. 
• Chapin, Schuyler (1992). Leonard Bernstein: Notes from a Friend. New York: Walker. ISBN 978-0-8027-1216-5. 
• Cone, Molly and Robert Galster (1970). Leonard Bernstein. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co. ISBN 978-0690487862. 
• Ewen, David (1960). Leonard Bernstein, A Biography for Young People. Philadelphia: Chilton Co. ISBN 978-1376190656. 
• Fluegel, Jane, ur. (1991). Bernstein: Remembered: a life in pictures. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, Inc. ISBN 9780881847222. 
• Freedland, Michael (1987). Leonard Bernstein. London, England: Harrap. Ltd. ISBN 978-0245544996. 
• Gottlieb, Jack, ur. (1992). Leonard Bernstein's Young People's Concerts (revised izd.). New York: Anchor Books. ISBN 978-0-385-42435-6. 
• Gottlieb, Jack (2010). Working With Bernstein. Amadeus Press. ISBN 9781574671865. 
• Green, Diane Huss (1963). Lenny's Surprise Piano. San Carlos, California: Golden Gate Junior Books. ASIN B0006AYE10.
• Gruen, John (1968). The Private World of Leonard Bernstein. New York: The Viking Press. ISBN 978-0670578559. 
• Hurwitz, Johanna (1963). Leonard Bernstein: A Passion of Music. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society. ISBN 978-0827605015. 
• Ledbetter, Steven (1988). Sennets & Tuckets, A Bernstein Celebration. Boston: Boston Symphony Orchestra in association with David Godine Publisher, Inc. ISBN 978-0879237752. 
• Oja, Carol (2014). Bernstein Meets Broadway. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199862092.
• Reidy, John P. & Norman Richards (1967). People of Destiny: Leonard Bernstein. Chicago: Children's Press. People of Destiny: Leonard Bernstein. Childrens Press. januar 1967. ASIN B0092UTPIW. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza).
• Paul Robinson. Bernstein (The Art of Conducting Series). New York: Vangard Press. ASIN B01K92K1OI. .
• Rozen, Brian D. (1997). The Contributions of Leonard Bernstein to Music Education: An Analysis of his 53 Young People's Concerts. Thesis (PhD). Rochester, New York: University of Rochester. OCLC 48156751. 
• Shawn, Allen (2014). Leonard Bernstein: An American Musician. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300144284. 
• Simeone, Nigel, ur. (2013). The Leonard Bernstein Letters. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300179095. 
• Wolfe, Tom (1987). Radical Chic and Mau Mauing the Flak Catche

Spoljašnje veze

• Zvanični veb-sajt
• Leonard Bernstajn na Enciklopediji Britanici
• The Leonard Bernstein Collection u Kongresnoj biblioteci
• Discography at SonyBMG Masterworks
• Bernstein's Boston, a Harvard University research project
• Talking About Leonard Bernstein
• FBI file on Leonard Bernstein
• Gay Great – Leonard Bernstein
• Leonard Bernstein: A Total Embrace of Music
• Arias and Barcarolles, The Leonard Bernstein Pages
• Leonard Bernstein: The Total Musician by Jeffrey Dane
• Leonard Bernstajn na sajtu IMDb (jezik: engleski) 
• Leonard Bernstajn na sajtu Internet Broadway Database (na jeziku: engleski)
• Leonard Bernstajn na sajtu Internet Off-Broadway Database