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Ред 63: Ред 63:
** Род: †''[[Paroodectes]]''
** Род: †''[[Paroodectes]]''
*** †''Paroodectes feisti''
*** †''Paroodectes feisti''
** Род: †''[[Procyonodictis]]''
** Род: †''[[Procynodictis]]''
*** †''Procyonodictis progressus''
*** †''Procynodictis progressus''
*** †''Procyonodictis vulpiceps''
*** †''Procynodictis vulpiceps''
** Род: †''[[Prodaphaenus]]''
** Род: †''[[Prodaphaenus]]''
*** †''Prodaphaenus scotti''
*** †''Prodaphaenus scotti''
Ред 124: Ред 124:
*** †''"Miacis" washakius''
*** †''"Miacis" washakius''


=== Филогенија ===
Доље приказани кладограм представља филогенетске везе породице ''Miacidae''.<ref name = Bryant2004>Bryant, H.N., and M. Wolson (2004) [https://web.archive.org/web/20080706090739/http://www.ohiou.edu/phylocode/IPNM.pdf “Phylogenetic Nomenclature of Carnivoran Mammals.”] ''First International Phylogenetic Nomenclature Meeting''. Paris, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle</ref><ref name = asdff>{{cite book |author1=John J. Flynn |author2=John A. Finarelli |author3=Michelle Spaulding |year=2010 |chapter=Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations |editor1=Anjali Goswami |editor2=Anthony Friscia |title=Carnivoran evolution. New views on phylogeny, form and function |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume= |pages=25–63 |isbn=9781139193436 |doi=10.1017/CBO9781139193436.003}}</ref><ref name="Dawsonicyon">{{Cite journal |author1=Michelle Spaulding |author2=John J. Flynn |author3=Richard K. Stucky |year=2010 |title=A new basal Carnivoramorphan (Mammalia) from the ‘Bridger B’ (Black’s Fork member, Bridger Formation, Bridgerian Nalma, middle Eocene) of Wyoming, USA |journal=Palaeontology |volume=53 |issue=4 |pages=815–832 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00963.x}}</ref><ref name=Lycophocyon>{{cite journal |author=Susumu Tomiya |year=2011 |title=A new basal caniform (Mammalia: Carnivora) from the Middle Eocene of North America and remarks on the phylogeny of early carnivorans |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=6 |issue=9 |page=e24146 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0024146 |pmid=21935380 |pmc=3173397}}</ref><ref name="SoléSmith2014">{{cite journal |last1=Solé |first1=Floréal |last2=Smith |first2=Richard |last3=Coillot |first3=Tiphaine |last4=de Bast |first4=Eric |last5=Smith |first5=Thierry |title=Dental and tarsal anatomy of ''Miacis latouri'' and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=34 |issue=1 |year=2014 |pages=1–21 |issn=0272-4634 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2013.793195}}</ref><ref name="SoléSmith2016">{{cite journal |last1=Solé |first1=Floréal |last2=Smith |first2=Thierry |last3=De Bast |first3=Eric |last4=Codrea |first4=Vlad |last5=Gheerbrant |first5=Emmanuel |title=New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=36 |issue=2 |year=2016 |pages=e1082480 |issn=0272-4634 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480}}</ref>
{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:100%;background-color:#eeeeFF;border:3px double gray;
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;'''[[Carnivoramorpha]]'''&nbsp; |sublabel1=&nbsp;{{small|('''Carnivora''' ''sensu lato'')}}&nbsp;
|1={{clade
|thickness=2
|1=†'''[[Viverravoidea]]'''
|label2=&nbsp;'''?'''&nbsp; |state2=dotted
|2=†''[[Ravenictis]]''
|label3=&nbsp;'''[[Carnivoraformes]]'''&nbsp; |style3=background-color:#ccccFF
|3={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†''[[Uintacyon]]''&nbsp; |color=#0F52BA |caption={{legend|#0F52BA|†'''Miacidae''' [[Датотека:Miacis restoration.jpg|50px]]|outline=black}} |captionstyle=background-color:#ccccFF;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px;
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;(†''[[Miocyon]]'')&nbsp; |color=#0F52BA
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Uintacyon magnus''
|2=†''Uintacyon major''
|3=†''Uintacyon scotti''
|4=†''Uintacyon vallisrubrae''
}}
|label2=&nbsp;(†''[[Uintacyon]]'')&nbsp;
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Uintacyon asodes''
|2=†''Uintacyon bathygnathous''
|3=†''Uintacyon edax''
|4=†''Uintacyon gingerichi''
|5=†''Uintacyon jugulans''
|6=†''Uintacyon massetericus''
|7=†''Uintacyon rudis''
|8=†''Uintacyon vorax''
}}
|label3=&nbsp;(†''[[Xinyuictis]]'')&nbsp;
|3=†''Uintacyon tenuis''
|label4=&nbsp;(†''[[Zodiocyon]]'')&nbsp;
|4=†''Uintacyon zetesios''
}}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†''[[Gracilocyon]]''&nbsp; |color=#0F52BA
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Gracilocyon rosei''
|2=†''Gracilocyon rundlei''
|3=†''Gracilocyon solei''
|4=†''Gracilocyon winkleri''
}}
|label2=&nbsp;†''[[Oodectes]]''&nbsp;
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Oodectes herpestoides''
|2=†''Oodectes jepseni''
}} }}
|label2=&nbsp;†''[[Paroodectes]]''&nbsp;
|2=†''Paroodectes feisti''
|3={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†''[[Vulpavus]]''&nbsp; |color=#0F52BA
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;(†''[[Palaearctonyx]]'')&nbsp; |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Vulpavus meadi''
|label2=&nbsp;(†''[[Phlaodectes]]'')&nbsp;
|2=†''Vulpavus ovatus''
|3=†''Vulpavus australis''
|4=†''Vulpavus canavus''
|5=†''Vulpavus palustris''
|6=†''Vulpavus profectus''
}}
|label2=&nbsp;†''[[Vassacyon]]''&nbsp;
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Vassacyon bowni''
|2=†''Vassacyon prieuri''
|3=†''Vassacyon promicrodon''
|4=†''Vassacyon taxidiotis''
}} }}
|label2=&nbsp;†''[[Dormaalocyon]]''&nbsp;
|2=†''Dormaalocyon latouri''
|3=†''"Miacis" petilus''
|4=†''"Miacis" exiguus''
|5=†''"Miacis" deutschi''
|6={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''"Miacis" latidens''
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†''[[Dawsonicyon]]''&nbsp; |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Dawsonicyon isami''
|label2=&nbsp;†''[[Miacis]]''&nbsp;
|2=†''Miacis parvivorous''
|3={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''"Miacis" washakius''
|2=†''"Miacis" medius''
}}
|label2=&nbsp;†''[[Prodaphaenus]]''&nbsp;
|2=†''Prodaphaenus uintensis''
}}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''miacid'' sp. (''PM 3868'')
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;''[[Procynodictis]]''&nbsp; |color=#0F52BA |color3=black |color4=black |style3=background-color:#eeeeFF |style4=background-color:#eeeeFF
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Procynodictis progressus''
|2=†''Procynodictis vulpiceps''
}}
|label2=&nbsp;†''[[Harpalodon]]''&nbsp;
|2=†''Harpalodon sylvestris''
|3=†''[[Ceruttia]]''
|4=†''[[Walshius]]''
|5={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;†''[[Tapocyon]]''&nbsp; |color=#0F52BA
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Tapocyon dawsonae''
|2=†''Tapocyon robustus''
}}
|2={{clade
|thickness=2 |label1=&nbsp;''[[Quercygale]]''&nbsp; |color=#0F52BA |color2=black |style2=background-color:#eeeeFF
|1={{clade
|thickness=2 |color=#0F52BA
|1=†''Quercygale angustidens''
|2=†''Quercygale hastingsae''
|3=†''Quercygale helvetica''
|4=†''Quercygale smithi''
}}
|2=[[Звери|'''Carnivora''' {{small|(''sensu stricto'')}}]] [[Датотека:Dogs,_jackals,_wolves,_and_foxes_(Plate_XI).jpg|50px]]
}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}
== Види још ==
== Види још ==
* [[Carnivoraformes]]
* [[Carnivoraformes]]

Верзија на датум 17. децембар 2019. у 23:26

Miacidae
Временски распон: 65.0–33.0 Ma
рани Палеоцен до рани Олигоцен
реконструкција изгледа врсте
Tapocyon robustus
костур врсте Paroodectes feisti
Научна класификација e
Домен: Eukaryota
Царство: Animalia
Тип: Chordata
Класа: Mammalia
Кладус: Carnivoramorpha
Кладус: Carnivoraformes
Породица: †Miacidae
Cope, 1880
Родови
[види текст]
Синоними
синоними породице:
  • Eucreodi (Matthew, 1909)
  • Miacida (Haeckel, 1895)
  • Miacinae (Trouessart, 1885)
  • Miacoidae (Teilhard de Chardin, 1915)
  • Miacoidea (Simpson, 1931)
  • Uintacyonidae (Hay, 1902)

Miacidae (Мијацидае) је изумрла парафилетска породица плацентални сисара из групе Carnivoraformes, која је у периоду од раног Палеоцена до раног Олигоцена настањивала подручје Европе и Северне Америке.[1][2][3][4] Чланови ове породице сисара се формално називају мијацидима.

Етимологија назива

Назив ове породице води поријекло од типског рода Miacis и таксономског наставка -idae.

Систематика

Класификација

  • Породица: †Miacidae[5] (мијациди) <---[парафилетска породица]
    • Род: †Chailicyon
      • †Chailicyon crassidens
    • Род: †Dawsonicyon
      • †Dawsonicyon isami
    • Род: †Dormaalocyon
      • †Dormaalocyon latouri
    • Род: †Eogale
      • †Eogale parydros
    • Род: †Eosictis
      • †Eosictis avinoffi
    • Род: †Gracilocyon
      • †Gracilocyon rosei
      • †Gracilocyon rundlei
      • †Gracilocyon solei
      • †Gracilocyon winkleri
    • Род: †Harpalodon
      • †Harpalodon sylvestris
    • Род: †Ictognathus
      • †Ictognathus sacerafa
    • Род: †Messelogale
      • †Messelogale kessleri
    • Род: †Miacis
      • †Miacis parvivorus
    • Род: †Oodectes
      • †Oodectes herpestoides
      • †Oodectes jepseni
    • Род: †Paramiacis
      • †Paramiacis exilis
      • †Paramiacis teilhardi
    • Род: †Paroodectes
      • †Paroodectes feisti
    • Род: †Procynodictis
      • †Procynodictis progressus
      • †Procynodictis vulpiceps
    • Род: †Prodaphaenus
      • †Prodaphaenus scotti
    • Род: †Quercygale
      • †Quercygale angustidens
      • †Quercygale hastinsiae
      • †Quercygale helvetica
      • †Quercygale smithi
    • Род: †Tapocyon
      • †Tapocyon dawsonae
      • †Tapocyon robustus
    • Род: †Uintacyon
      • Подрод: †Miocyon
        • †Uintacyon magnus
        • †Uintacyon major
        • †Uintacyon scotti
        • †Uintacyon vallisrubrae
      • Подрод: †Uintacyon
        • †Uintacyon asodes
        • †Uintacyon bathygnathous
        • †Uintacyon edax
        • †Uintacyon gingerichi
        • †Uintacyon jugulans
        • †Uintacyon massetericus
        • †Uintacyon rudis
        • †Uintacyon vorax
      • Подрод: †Xinyuictis
        • †Uintacyon tenuis
      • Подрод: †Zodiocyon
        • †Uintacyon zetesios
    • Род: †Vassacyon
      • †Vassacyon bowni
      • †Vassacyon prieuri[6]
      • †Vassacyon promicrodon
      • †Vassacyon taxidiotis[7]
    • Род: †Vulpavus
      • Подрод: †Palaearctonyx
        • †Vulpavus meadi
      • Подрод: †Phlaodectes
        • †Vulpavus ovatus
      • Подрод: †Vulpavus
        • †Vulpavus australis
        • †Vulpavus canavus
        • †Vulpavus palustris
        • †Vulpavus profectus
    • Incertae sedis:
      • †"Miacis" boqinghensis
      • †"Miacis" deutschi
      • †"Miacis" exiguus
      • †"Miacis" hargeri
      • †"Miacis" hookwayi
      • †"Miacis" invictus
      • †"Miacis" latidens
      • †"Miacis" lushiensis
      • †"Miacis" medius
      • †"Miacis" petilus
      • †"Miacis" thailandicus
      • †"Miacis" washakius

Филогенија

Доље приказани кладограм представља филогенетске везе породице Miacidae.[8][9][10][11][12][13]

 Carnivoramorpha 
 

†Viverravoidea

 
 ? 

†Ravenictis

 
 Carnivoraformes 
  †Miacidae
 †Uintacyon 
 (†Miocyon) 
 

†Uintacyon magnus

 
 

†Uintacyon major

 
 

†Uintacyon scotti

 
 

†Uintacyon vallisrubrae

 
 
 (†Uintacyon) 
 

†Uintacyon asodes

 
 

†Uintacyon bathygnathous

 
 

†Uintacyon edax

 
 

†Uintacyon gingerichi

 
 

†Uintacyon jugulans

 
 

†Uintacyon massetericus

 
 

†Uintacyon rudis

 
 

†Uintacyon vorax

 
 
 (†Xinyuictis) 

†Uintacyon tenuis

 
 (†Zodiocyon) 

†Uintacyon zetesios

 
 
 
 
 †Gracilocyon 
 

†Gracilocyon rosei

 
 

†Gracilocyon rundlei

 
 

†Gracilocyon solei

 
 

†Gracilocyon winkleri

 
 
 †Oodectes 
 

†Oodectes herpestoides

 
 

†Oodectes jepseni

 
 
 
 †Paroodectes 

†Paroodectes feisti

 
 
 
 †Vulpavus 
 (†Palaearctonyx) 

†Vulpavus meadi

 
 (†Phlaodectes) 

†Vulpavus ovatus

 
 

†Vulpavus australis

 
 

†Vulpavus canavus

 
 

†Vulpavus palustris

 
 

†Vulpavus profectus

 
 
 †Vassacyon 
 

†Vassacyon bowni

 
 

†Vassacyon prieuri

 
 

†Vassacyon promicrodon

 
 

†Vassacyon taxidiotis

 
 
 
 †Dormaalocyon 

†Dormaalocyon latouri

 
 

†"Miacis" petilus

 
 

†"Miacis" exiguus

 
 

†"Miacis" deutschi

 
 
 

†"Miacis" latidens

 
 
 †Dawsonicyon 

†Dawsonicyon isami

 
 †Miacis 

†Miacis parvivorous

 
 
 
 
 

†"Miacis" washakius

 
 

†"Miacis" medius

 
 
 †Prodaphaenus 

†Prodaphaenus uintensis

 
 
 
 

†miacid sp. (PM 3868)

 
 
 Procynodictis 
 

†Procynodictis progressus

 
 

†Procynodictis vulpiceps

 
 
 †Harpalodon 

†Harpalodon sylvestris

 
 

†Ceruttia

 
 

†Walshius

 
 
 †Tapocyon 
 

†Tapocyon dawsonae

 
 

†Tapocyon robustus

 
 
 
 Quercygale 
 

†Quercygale angustidens

 
 

†Quercygale hastingsae

 
 

†Quercygale helvetica

 
 

†Quercygale smithi

 
 
 

[[Звери|Carnivora (sensu stricto)]]

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Carnivora sensu lato) 

Види још

Референце

  1. ^ Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell: Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level in Columbia University Press, New York 1997, 631 Seiten, ISBN 0-231-11013-8
  2. ^ Wesley-Hunt, G. D.; Flynn, J. J. (2005). „Phylogeny of the Carnivora: basal relationships among the carnivoramorphans, and assessment of the position of 'Miacoidea' relative to Carnivora”. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 3: 1—28. doi:10.1017/S1477201904001518. 
  3. ^ Polly, David, Gina D. Wesley-Hunt, Ronald E. Heinrich, Graham Davis and Peter Houde (2006). „Earliest known carnivoran auditory bulla and support for a recent origin of crown-clade carnivora (Eutheria, Mammalia)” (PDF). Palaeontology. 49 (5): 1019—1027. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00586.x. 
  4. ^ Wang, Xiaoming; Tedford, Richard H.; Dogs: Their Fossil Relatives and Evolutionary History. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008.
  5. ^ Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell: Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level in Columbia University Press, New York 1997, 631 Seiten, ISBN 0-231-11013-8
  6. ^ Floréal Solé, Thierry Smith, Eric De Bast, Vlad Codrea and Emmanuel Gheerbrant (2016). „New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia)”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (2): e1082480. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480. 
  7. ^ Floréal Solé; Emmanuel Gheerbrant; Marc Godinot (2013). „The "miacids" (Carnivoraformes, Mammalia) from the Early Eocene locality of Le Quesnoy (MP7, France); first occurrence of Vassacyon in Europe”. Comptes Rendus Palevol. 12 (4): 191—202. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2013.05.001. 
  8. ^ Bryant, H.N., and M. Wolson (2004) “Phylogenetic Nomenclature of Carnivoran Mammals.” First International Phylogenetic Nomenclature Meeting. Paris, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle
  9. ^ John J. Flynn; John A. Finarelli; Michelle Spaulding (2010). „Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations”. Ур.: Anjali Goswami; Anthony Friscia. Carnivoran evolution. New views on phylogeny, form and function. Cambridge University Press. стр. 25—63. ISBN 9781139193436. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139193436.003. 
  10. ^ Michelle Spaulding; John J. Flynn; Richard K. Stucky (2010). „A new basal Carnivoramorphan (Mammalia) from the ‘Bridger B’ (Black’s Fork member, Bridger Formation, Bridgerian Nalma, middle Eocene) of Wyoming, USA”. Palaeontology. 53 (4): 815—832. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00963.x. 
  11. ^ Susumu Tomiya (2011). „A new basal caniform (Mammalia: Carnivora) from the Middle Eocene of North America and remarks on the phylogeny of early carnivorans”. PLoS ONE. 6 (9): e24146. PMC 3173397 Слободан приступ. PMID 21935380. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024146. 
  12. ^ Solé, Floréal; Smith, Richard; Coillot, Tiphaine; de Bast, Eric; Smith, Thierry (2014). „Dental and tarsal anatomy of Miacis latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha)”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 1—21. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.793195. 
  13. ^ Solé, Floréal; Smith, Thierry; De Bast, Eric; Codrea, Vlad; Gheerbrant, Emmanuel (2016). „New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia)”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (2): e1082480. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480. 

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