Uža porodica — разлика између измена

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[[File:W.H. Shumard family, circa 1955.jpg|right|thumb|alt=A man, woman, and two children smiling outside of a house|Uža porodica sastavljena od majke, oca i njihove dece oko 1955. godine]]
#Преусмери [[Породица]]

'''Uža porodica''', ''nuklear familija'', ''elementarna familija'' ili ''supružnička porodica'' je [[family|porodična]] grupa koja se sastoji od dva roditelja (muškarca i žene) i njihove [[dete|dece]] (jednog ili više). Za razliku od [[Самохрани родитељ|jednoroditeljske]] porodice, veće [[Proširena porodica|šire porodice]], ili porodice sa više od dva roditelja. Nuklearne porodice obično su usredsređene na [[Брак|bračni]] par, koji može imati bilo koji broj dece. Postoje razlike u definiciji među posmatračima. Neke definicije dozvoljavaju samo biološku decu koja su punokrvni srodnici i smatraju usvojenu ili polubraću i polusestre delom [[immediate family|neposredne]] porodice, dok druge dozvoljavaju očuha i bilo koju kombinaciju zavisne dece, uključujući pastorčad i usvojenu decu. Neki sociolozi i antropolozi nuklearnu porodicu smatraju najosnovnijim oblikom društvene organizacije

== Pregled ==
{{rut}}
Family structures of a mixing couple and their children were present in Western Europe and New England in the 17th century, influenced by church and theocratic governments.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Volo|first1=James M.|last2=Volo|first2=Dorothy Denneen|title=Family life in 17th- and 18th-century America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qyYRbGzqn08C&pg=PA42 |year=2006|publisher=Greenwood|isbn=978-0-313-33199-2|page=42}}</ref> With the emergence of [[proto-industrialization]] and early capitalism, the nuclear family became a financially viable social unit.<ref>Traditions and Encounters: A Brief Global History (New York: McGraw Hill, 2008).</ref> The term ''nuclear family'' first appeared in the early twentieth century. Alternative definitions have evolved to include family units headed by [[LGBT parenting|same-sex parent]]s<ref name="BritannicaOnline">{{cite encyclopedia|year=2011|title=Nuclear family|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/421619/nuclear-family|accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref> and perhaps additional adult relatives who take on a cohabiting parental role;<ref>"Strictly, a nuclear or elementary or conjugal family consists merely of parents and children, though it often includes one or two other relatives as well, for example, a widowed parent or unmarried sibling of one or other spouse."<br />[https://workfamily.sas.upenn.edu/glossary/n/nuclear-family-definitions Sloan Work and Family Research Network], citing Parkin, R. (1997). Kinship: An introduction to basic concepts. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. Retrieved April 18, 2012.</ref> in the latter case, it also receives the name of [[conjugal family]].<ref name=BritannicaOnline/>

The concept that narrowly defines a nuclear family as central to stability in modern society that has been promoted by [[familialist]]s who are [[social conservative]]s in the United States, and has been challenged as historically and sociologically inadequate to describe the complexity of actual family relations.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Johnson|first1=Miriam M.|title=Sex Role Learning in the Nuclear Family|journal=Child Development|date=1 January 1963|volume=34|issue=2|pages=319–333|doi=10.2307/1126730|jstor=1126730}}</ref> In "Freudian Theories of Identification and Their Derivatives" [[Urie Bronfenbrenner]] states, "Very little is known about the extent variation in the behavior of fathers and mothers towards sons and daughters, and even less about the possible effects on such differential treatment." Little is known about how parental behavior and identification processes work, and how children interpret sex role learning. In his theory, he uses "identification" with the father in the sense that the son will follow the sex role provided by his father and then for the father to be able to identify the difference of the "cross sex" parent for his daughter.

Historians [[Alan Macfarlane]] and [[Peter Laslett]] postulated that nuclear families have been a primary arrangement in England since the 13th century. This primary arrangement was different from the normal arrangements in Southern Europe, in parts of Asia, and the Middle East where it was common for young adults to remain in or marry into the family home. In England, multi-generational households were uncommon because young adults would save enough money to move out, into their own household once they married. Sociologist Brigitte Berger argued, "the young nuclear family had to be flexible and mobile as it searched for opportunity and property. Forced to rely on their own ingenuity, its members also needed to plan for the future and develop bourgeois habits of work and saving."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ifstudies.org/blog/the-real-roots-of-the-nuclear-family|title=The Real Roots of the Nuclear Family|work=Institute for Family Studies|access-date=2017-03-28|language=en}}</ref> Berge also mentions that this could be one of the reasons why the Industrial Revolution began in England and other Northwest European countries. However, the historicity of the nuclear family in England has been challenged by Cord Oestmann.<ref name="Oestmann1994">{{cite book|author=Cord Oestmann|title=Lordship and Community: The Lestrange Family and the Village of Hunstanton, Norfolk, in the First Half of the Sixteenth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzCdJgm7qfYC&pg=PA53|year=1994|publisher=Boydell Press|isbn=978-0-85115-351-3|pages=53–}}</ref>

As a [[fertility factor (demography)|fertility factor]], single nuclear family households generally have a higher number of children than co-operative living arrangements according to studies from both the [[Western world]]<ref name=balbo2013>{{cite journal|title=Fertility in Advanced Societies: A Review of Research|author1=Nicoletta Balbo |author2=Francesco C. Billari |author3=Melinda Mills |journal=European Journal of Population|year=2013|volume=29|issue=1|pages=1–38|doi=10.1007/s10680-012-9277-y|pmc=3576563 |pmid=23440941}}</ref> and [[India]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Differences in fertility and family planning practices by type of family|vauthors=Gandotra MM, Pandey D |journal=Journal of Family Welfare|year=1982|volume=29|issue=1|pages=29–40|url=http://www.popline.org/node/396150}}</ref>

There have been studies done that shows a difference in the number of children wanted per household according to where they live. Families that live in rural areas wanted to have more kids than families in urban areas. A study done in Japan between October 2011 and February 2012 further researched the effect of area of residence on mean desired number of children.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Matsumoto|first=Yasuyo|last2=Yamabe|first2=Shingo|date=2013-01-30|title=Family size preference and factors affecting the fertility rate in Hyogo, Japan|journal=Reproductive Health|volume=10|pages=6|doi=10.1186/1742-4755-10-6|issn=1742-4755|pmc=3563619|pmid=23363875}}</ref> Researchers of the study came to the conclusion that the women living in rural areas with larger families were more likely to want more children, compared to women that lived in urban areas in Japan.

== Istorija ==

DNA extracted from bones and teeth in a 4,600-year-old Stone Age burial in Germany has provided the earliest evidence for the social recognition of a family consisting of two parents with multiple children.<ref name="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/11/081117192915.htm|title=World's Earliest Nuclear Family Found|website=ScienceDaily}}</ref> However, there is no evidence to show that the family lived in an exclusive, one-family household without servants, slaves, friends or members of their extended family. This is not therefore evidence of the earlier existence of the modern nuclear family living.

== Upotreba termina ==

[[Merriam-Webster]] dates the term back to 1947,<ref name=Merriam-Webster>Merriam-Webster Online. [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/nuclear%20family "Definition of nuclear family"].</ref> while the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'' has a reference to the term from 1925; thus it is relatively new.

In its most common usage, the term ''nuclear family'' refers to a household consisting of a [[father]], a [[mother]] and their [[child]]ren<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oxfordadvancedlearnersdictionary.com/dictionary/nuclear-family |title=Nuclear family - Definition and pronunciation |publisher=Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary |accessdate=2012-04-18}}</ref> all in one household dwelling.<ref name=Merriam-Webster /> [[George Murdock]], an observer of families, offered an early description: {{quote|The family is a social group characterized by common residence, economic cooperation and reproduction. It contains adults of both sexes, at least two of whom maintain a socially approved sexual relationship, and one or more children, own or adopted, of the sexually cohabiting adults.<ref>{{cite book |last=Murdock |first=George Peter |origyear=1949 |year= 1965 |title=Social Structure |url=https://archive.org/details/socialstructuremurdrich |url-access=registration |publisher=Free Press |location=New York |isbn=978-0-02-922290-4}}</ref>}}

Many individuals are part of two nuclear families in their lives: the family of origin in which they are offspring, and the family of procreation in which they are a parent.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontofa00coll |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/introductiontofa00coll/page/27 27] |title=An Introduction to Family Social Work |first1=Donald |last1=Collins |first2=Catheleen |last2=Jordan |first3=Heather |last3=Coleman |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-495-60188-3 |edition=3}}</ref>

== Reference ==
{{reflist}}

== Literatura ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|author1=David I. Kertzer|author2=Thomas Earl Fricke|title=Anthropological Demography: Toward a New Synthesis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NTk-o1tn6CwC&pg=PA62|date=15 July 1997|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-43195-6|pages= }}
* {{cite journal|jstor=3774080|title=Residence Rules and Ultimogeniture in Tlaxcala and Mesoamerica|first=David Luke|last=Robichaux|date=1 January 1997|journal=Ethnology|volume=36|issue=2 |pages= |doi=10.2307/3774080}}
* Browne, Ken (2011). Introduction to Sociology. {{ISBN|0-7456-5008-2}}
* Pillitteri, Adele (2009). Maternal and Child Health Nursing: Care of the Childbearing and Childrearing Family. {{ISBN|1-58255-999-6}}
* {{cite book|title=Mental Health Social Work: Evidence-Based Practice|url=https://archive.org/details/practisingmental00prit|url-access=limited| first= Colin Pritchard|last=Pritchard|year= 2006| isbn= 9781134365449| page =[https://archive.org/details/practisingmental00prit/page/n125 111] |publisher=Routledge|quote= ... in cultures with stronger 'extended family traditions', such as Asian and Catholic countries...}}
* {{cite book|title=Mental Health Social Work: Evidence-Based Practice|url=https://archive.org/details/practisingmental00prit|url-access=limited| first= Colin Pritchard|last=Pritchard|year= 2006| isbn= 9781134365449| page =[https://archive.org/details/practisingmental00prit/page/n125 111] |publisher=Routledge|quote= ... in cultures with stronger 'extended family traditions', such as Asian and Catholic countries...}}
* {{cite journal |title=The Hindu Joint Family: The Norms and the Numbers |author=Henry Orenstein and Michael Micklin|journal=Pacific Affairs |volume=39 |issue=3/4 |quote=Autumn, 1966 |jstor=2754275 |pages= |ref=harv|year=1966|doi=10.2307/2754275}}
* {{cite book|last=Cherlin|first=Andrew J.|title=Public and Private families|year=2010|publisher=McGraw Hill}}
* {{cite book |last1=Lomnitz |first1=Larissa A. |last2=Perez-Lizaur |first2=Marisol |year= 2003|chapter=Dynastic Growth and Survival Strategies: The Solidarity of Mexican Grand Families |editor1-last=Cheal |editor1-first=David |title=Family: Critical Concepts in Sociology |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H86sRSfV6oMC&pg=PA377 |publisher=Psychology Press |publication-date=2003 |page=377 |isbn=978-0415226325 |access-date=March 13, 2016}}
* {{cite book |last=Jelin |first=Elizabeth |date=1991 |title=Family, Household and Gender Relations in Latin America |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JEOaAAAAIAAJ |publisher=Kegan Paul International |page= |isbn=978-9231026577}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Gerstel | first1 = N | year = 2011 | title = Rethinking Families and Community: The Color, Class, and Centrality of Extended Kin Ties | url = | journal = Sociological Forum | volume = 26 | issue = 1| pages = | doi = 10.1111/j.1573-7861.2010.01222.x }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Metcalf | first1 = E. R. | year = 2010 | title = The Family That Stays Together | url = | journal = Saturday Evening Post | volume = 282 | issue = 1| page = }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Bulik | first1 = B | year = 2010 | title = We Are Family-And More Of Us Are Living Under One Roof. (Cover story) | url = | journal = Advertising Age | volume = 81 | issue = 30| pages = }}
* ''Plutarch: The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans'', trans. by John Dryden and revised by Arthur Hugh Clough, The Modern Library (div of Random House, Inc). Bio on Lycurgus
* ''Politics'', Aristotle, Loeb Classical Library, Bk I, §II 8-10; 1254a 20-35; pg 19–21
* ''Politics'', Bk I, §11,21;1255b 15-20; pg 29.
* ''Hellenistic Commentary to the New Testament'', ed. By M. Eugene Boring, Klaus Berger, Carsten Colpe, Abingdon Press, Nashville, TN, 1995.
* ''Hellenistic Commentary to the New Testament'', ed. By M. Eugene Boring, Klaus Berger, Carsten Colpe, Abingdon Press, Nashville, TN, 1995.
* ''On Divorce'', Louis de Bonald, trans. By Nicholas Davidson, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, 1993. pp 44–46.
* ''On Divorce'', Louis de Bonald, pp 88–89; 149.
* ''Liberty or Equality'', Von Kuehnelt-Leddihn, pg 155.
* George Lakoff, ''What Conservatives Know That Liberals Don't'', {{ISBN|0-226-46796-1}}
* Frank H. Knight, (1923). The Ethics of Competition. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 37(4), 579-624. https://doi.org/10.2307/1884053, p.&nbsp;590f.
* Noppeney, C. (1998). Zwischen Chicago-Schule und Ordoliberalismus: Wirtschaftsethische Spuren in der Ökonomie Frank Knights (Bd. 21). Bern: Paul Haupt, p.&nbsp;176ff, {{ISBN|3-258-05836-9}}
* Anne Revillard (2007) ''[http://www.palgrave-journals.com/fp/journal/v5/n3/abs/8200124a.html Stating Family Values and Women's Rights: Familialism and Feminism Within the French Republic]'' French Politics 5, 210–228. {{doi|10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200124}}
* Frederick Engels (1884) ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/ch02d.htm ''The Monogamous Family'']'' The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State. Chapter 2, Part 4. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
{{refend}}

== Spoljašnje veze ==
{{Commons category-lat|Nuclear Family}}
* -{[https://web.archive.org/web/20170806204058/http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/6-23-2004-55793.asp The Nuclear Family from Buzzle.com]}-
* -{[http://www.chrisknight.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2007/09/Early-Human-Kinship-Was-Matrilineal.pdf Early Human Kinship was Matrilineal] by Chris Knight. (anthropological debates as to whether the nuclear family is natural and universal).}-
* {{cite web|url=http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2010/03/18/the-return-of-the-multi-generational-family-household/|title=The Return of the Multi-Generational Family Household &#124; Pew Research Center's Social &amp; Demographic Trends Project|publisher=pewsocialtrends.org|date=2010-03-18|accessdate=August 8, 2014}}


{{Authority control-lat}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ужа породица}}

[[Категорија:Породица]]

Верзија на датум 21. септембар 2020. у 04:31

A man, woman, and two children smiling outside of a house
Uža porodica sastavljena od majke, oca i njihove dece oko 1955. godine

Uža porodica, nuklear familija, elementarna familija ili supružnička porodica je porodična grupa koja se sastoji od dva roditelja (muškarca i žene) i njihove dece (jednog ili više). Za razliku od jednoroditeljske porodice, veće šire porodice, ili porodice sa više od dva roditelja. Nuklearne porodice obično su usredsređene na bračni par, koji može imati bilo koji broj dece. Postoje razlike u definiciji među posmatračima. Neke definicije dozvoljavaju samo biološku decu koja su punokrvni srodnici i smatraju usvojenu ili polubraću i polusestre delom neposredne porodice, dok druge dozvoljavaju očuha i bilo koju kombinaciju zavisne dece, uključujući pastorčad i usvojenu decu. Neki sociolozi i antropolozi nuklearnu porodicu smatraju najosnovnijim oblikom društvene organizacije

Pregled

Family structures of a mixing couple and their children were present in Western Europe and New England in the 17th century, influenced by church and theocratic governments.[1] With the emergence of proto-industrialization and early capitalism, the nuclear family became a financially viable social unit.[2] The term nuclear family first appeared in the early twentieth century. Alternative definitions have evolved to include family units headed by same-sex parents[3] and perhaps additional adult relatives who take on a cohabiting parental role;[4] in the latter case, it also receives the name of conjugal family.[3]

The concept that narrowly defines a nuclear family as central to stability in modern society that has been promoted by familialists who are social conservatives in the United States, and has been challenged as historically and sociologically inadequate to describe the complexity of actual family relations.[5] In "Freudian Theories of Identification and Their Derivatives" Urie Bronfenbrenner states, "Very little is known about the extent variation in the behavior of fathers and mothers towards sons and daughters, and even less about the possible effects on such differential treatment." Little is known about how parental behavior and identification processes work, and how children interpret sex role learning. In his theory, he uses "identification" with the father in the sense that the son will follow the sex role provided by his father and then for the father to be able to identify the difference of the "cross sex" parent for his daughter.

Historians Alan Macfarlane and Peter Laslett postulated that nuclear families have been a primary arrangement in England since the 13th century. This primary arrangement was different from the normal arrangements in Southern Europe, in parts of Asia, and the Middle East where it was common for young adults to remain in or marry into the family home. In England, multi-generational households were uncommon because young adults would save enough money to move out, into their own household once they married. Sociologist Brigitte Berger argued, "the young nuclear family had to be flexible and mobile as it searched for opportunity and property. Forced to rely on their own ingenuity, its members also needed to plan for the future and develop bourgeois habits of work and saving."[6] Berge also mentions that this could be one of the reasons why the Industrial Revolution began in England and other Northwest European countries. However, the historicity of the nuclear family in England has been challenged by Cord Oestmann.[7]

As a fertility factor, single nuclear family households generally have a higher number of children than co-operative living arrangements according to studies from both the Western world[8] and India.[9]

There have been studies done that shows a difference in the number of children wanted per household according to where they live. Families that live in rural areas wanted to have more kids than families in urban areas. A study done in Japan between October 2011 and February 2012 further researched the effect of area of residence on mean desired number of children.[10] Researchers of the study came to the conclusion that the women living in rural areas with larger families were more likely to want more children, compared to women that lived in urban areas in Japan.

Istorija

DNA extracted from bones and teeth in a 4,600-year-old Stone Age burial in Germany has provided the earliest evidence for the social recognition of a family consisting of two parents with multiple children.[11] However, there is no evidence to show that the family lived in an exclusive, one-family household without servants, slaves, friends or members of their extended family. This is not therefore evidence of the earlier existence of the modern nuclear family living.

Upotreba termina

Merriam-Webster dates the term back to 1947,[12] while the Oxford English Dictionary has a reference to the term from 1925; thus it is relatively new.

In its most common usage, the term nuclear family refers to a household consisting of a father, a mother and their children[13] all in one household dwelling.[12] George Murdock, an observer of families, offered an early description:

The family is a social group characterized by common residence, economic cooperation and reproduction. It contains adults of both sexes, at least two of whom maintain a socially approved sexual relationship, and one or more children, own or adopted, of the sexually cohabiting adults.[14]

Many individuals are part of two nuclear families in their lives: the family of origin in which they are offspring, and the family of procreation in which they are a parent.[15]

Reference

  1. ^ Volo, James M.; Volo, Dorothy Denneen (2006). Family life in 17th- and 18th-century America. Greenwood. стр. 42. ISBN 978-0-313-33199-2. 
  2. ^ Traditions and Encounters: A Brief Global History (New York: McGraw Hill, 2008).
  3. ^ а б „Nuclear family”. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2011. Приступљено 2011-07-24. 
  4. ^ "Strictly, a nuclear or elementary or conjugal family consists merely of parents and children, though it often includes one or two other relatives as well, for example, a widowed parent or unmarried sibling of one or other spouse."
    Sloan Work and Family Research Network, citing Parkin, R. (1997). Kinship: An introduction to basic concepts. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. Retrieved April 18, 2012.
  5. ^ Johnson, Miriam M. (1. 1. 1963). „Sex Role Learning in the Nuclear Family”. Child Development. 34 (2): 319—333. JSTOR 1126730. doi:10.2307/1126730. 
  6. ^ „The Real Roots of the Nuclear Family”. Institute for Family Studies (на језику: енглески). Приступљено 2017-03-28. 
  7. ^ Cord Oestmann (1994). Lordship and Community: The Lestrange Family and the Village of Hunstanton, Norfolk, in the First Half of the Sixteenth Century. Boydell Press. стр. 53—. ISBN 978-0-85115-351-3. 
  8. ^ Nicoletta Balbo; Francesco C. Billari; Melinda Mills (2013). „Fertility in Advanced Societies: A Review of Research”. European Journal of Population. 29 (1): 1—38. PMC 3576563Слободан приступ. PMID 23440941. doi:10.1007/s10680-012-9277-y. 
  9. ^ Gandotra MM, Pandey D (1982). „Differences in fertility and family planning practices by type of family”. Journal of Family Welfare. 29 (1): 29—40. 
  10. ^ Matsumoto, Yasuyo; Yamabe, Shingo (2013-01-30). „Family size preference and factors affecting the fertility rate in Hyogo, Japan”. Reproductive Health. 10: 6. ISSN 1742-4755. PMC 3563619Слободан приступ. PMID 23363875. doi:10.1186/1742-4755-10-6. 
  11. ^ „World's Earliest Nuclear Family Found”. ScienceDaily. 
  12. ^ а б Merriam-Webster Online. "Definition of nuclear family".
  13. ^ „Nuclear family - Definition and pronunciation”. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary. Приступљено 2012-04-18. 
  14. ^ Murdock, George Peter (1965) [1949]. Social StructureНеопходна слободна регистрација. New York: Free Press. ISBN 978-0-02-922290-4. 
  15. ^ Collins, Donald; Jordan, Catheleen; Coleman, Heather (2009). An Introduction to Family Social WorkНеопходна слободна регистрација (3 изд.). Cengage Learning. стр. 27. ISBN 978-0-495-60188-3. 

Literatura

  • David I. Kertzer; Thomas Earl Fricke (15. 7. 1997). Anthropological Demography: Toward a New Synthesis. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-43195-6. 
  • Robichaux, David Luke (1. 1. 1997). „Residence Rules and Ultimogeniture in Tlaxcala and Mesoamerica”. Ethnology. 36 (2). JSTOR 3774080. doi:10.2307/3774080. 
  • Browne, Ken (2011). Introduction to Sociology. ISBN 0-7456-5008-2
  • Pillitteri, Adele (2009). Maternal and Child Health Nursing: Care of the Childbearing and Childrearing Family. ISBN 1-58255-999-6
  • Pritchard, Colin Pritchard (2006). Mental Health Social Work: Evidence-Based PracticeСлободан приступ ограничен дужином пробне верзије, иначе неопходна претплата. Routledge. стр. 111. ISBN 9781134365449. „... in cultures with stronger 'extended family traditions', such as Asian and Catholic countries... 
  • Pritchard, Colin Pritchard (2006). Mental Health Social Work: Evidence-Based PracticeСлободан приступ ограничен дужином пробне верзије, иначе неопходна претплата. Routledge. стр. 111. ISBN 9781134365449. „... in cultures with stronger 'extended family traditions', such as Asian and Catholic countries... 
  • Henry Orenstein and Michael Micklin (1966). „The Hindu Joint Family: The Norms and the Numbers”. Pacific Affairs. 39 (3/4). JSTOR 2754275. doi:10.2307/2754275. „Autumn, 1966 
  • Cherlin, Andrew J. (2010). Public and Private families. McGraw Hill. 
  • Lomnitz, Larissa A.; Perez-Lizaur, Marisol (2003). „Dynastic Growth and Survival Strategies: The Solidarity of Mexican Grand Families”. Ур.: Cheal, David. Family: Critical Concepts in Sociology. Psychology Press. стр. 377. ISBN 978-0415226325. Приступљено 13. 3. 2016. 
  • Jelin, Elizabeth (1991). Family, Household and Gender Relations in Latin America. Kegan Paul International. ISBN 978-9231026577. 
  • Gerstel, N (2011). „Rethinking Families and Community: The Color, Class, and Centrality of Extended Kin Ties”. Sociological Forum. 26 (1). doi:10.1111/j.1573-7861.2010.01222.x. 
  • Metcalf, E. R. (2010). „The Family That Stays Together”. Saturday Evening Post. 282 (1). 
  • Bulik, B (2010). „We Are Family-And More Of Us Are Living Under One Roof. (Cover story)”. Advertising Age. 81 (30). 
  • Plutarch: The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans, trans. by John Dryden and revised by Arthur Hugh Clough, The Modern Library (div of Random House, Inc). Bio on Lycurgus
  • Politics, Aristotle, Loeb Classical Library, Bk I, §II 8-10; 1254a 20-35; pg 19–21
  • Politics, Bk I, §11,21;1255b 15-20; pg 29.
  • Hellenistic Commentary to the New Testament, ed. By M. Eugene Boring, Klaus Berger, Carsten Colpe, Abingdon Press, Nashville, TN, 1995.
  • Hellenistic Commentary to the New Testament, ed. By M. Eugene Boring, Klaus Berger, Carsten Colpe, Abingdon Press, Nashville, TN, 1995.
  • On Divorce, Louis de Bonald, trans. By Nicholas Davidson, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, 1993. pp 44–46.
  • On Divorce, Louis de Bonald, pp 88–89; 149.
  • Liberty or Equality, Von Kuehnelt-Leddihn, pg 155.
  • George Lakoff, What Conservatives Know That Liberals Don't, ISBN 0-226-46796-1
  • Frank H. Knight, (1923). The Ethics of Competition. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 37(4), 579-624. https://doi.org/10.2307/1884053, p. 590f.
  • Noppeney, C. (1998). Zwischen Chicago-Schule und Ordoliberalismus: Wirtschaftsethische Spuren in der Ökonomie Frank Knights (Bd. 21). Bern: Paul Haupt, p. 176ff, ISBN 3-258-05836-9
  • Anne Revillard (2007) Stating Family Values and Women's Rights: Familialism and Feminism Within the French Republic French Politics 5, 210–228. doi:10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200124
  • Frederick Engels (1884) The Monogamous Family The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State. Chapter 2, Part 4. Retrieved 24 October 2013.

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