Никлаус Вирт — разлика између измена

С Википедије, слободне енциклопедије
Интерактиван преглед историје
← Старија изменаНовија измена →
Садржај обрисан Садржај додат
ВизуелноВикитекст
#1Lib1Ref #1Lib1RefCEE
.
Ред 1: Ред 1:
{{Short description|Швајцарски информатичар}}
{{Научник
{{Научник
| име = Никлаус Вирт
| име = Никлаус Вирт
Ред 14: Ред 15:
| студенти =
| студенти =
| познат_по =
| познат_по =
| награде =
| награде = {{plainlist|
*[[IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award]] (1983)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ieee.org/documents/piore_rl.pdf |title=IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award Recipients |publisher=[[IEEE]] |accessdate=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124232834/http://ieee.org/documents/piore_rl.pdf |archive-date=November 24, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[Turing Award]] (1984)
*[[SIGPLAN]] Programming Languages Achievement Award
*Fellow of the [[Computer History Museum]] (2004)<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/niklaus-wirth/| title = Niklaus Wirth 2004 Fellow}}</ref>
*[[Marcel Benoist Prize]] (1989)
}}
| напомене =
| напомене =
}}
}}
'''Никлаус Емил Вирт''' ({{јез-нем|Niklaus Emil Wirth}}; [[Винтертур]], [[15. фебруар]] [[1934]]) [[Швајцарска|швајцарски]] је информатичар.<ref name=":0" />


Звање инжењера електронике је стекао на Швајцарском универзитету технологије у [[Цирих]]у [[1959]]. а докторирао је на [[Универзитет Калифорније (Беркли)|Универзитету Калифорније]] у [[Беркли (Калифорнија)|Берклију]] [[1963]]. Сматра се изузетним стручњаком из области [[рачунарство|рачунарства]] а најпознатији је као творац [[програмски језик|програмског језика]] [[Паскал (програмски језик)|Паскал]]. Осим паскала пројектовао је и програмске језике [[Алгол]], [[Модула]], [[Модула-2]] и [[Оберон (програмски језик)|Оберон]]. За свој рад је [[1984]]. године добио [[Тјурингова награда|Тјурингову награду]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Niklaus-Emil-Wirth|title=Niklaus Emil Wirth {{!}} Swiss computer scientist {{!}} Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|language=en|access-date=2022-01-24}}</ref> Предавао је на универзитету [[Univerzitet u Stanfordu|Станфорд]] на катедри за рачунарске науке ([[1963]] — [[1967]]) као и на Швајцарском технолошком универзитету. [[1975]]. године је написао књигу „[[Алгоритам|Алгоритми]] + структуре података = програми“ (''Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs''). Од априла [[1999]]. се налази у [[пензија|пензији]].
'''Никлаус Емил Вирт''' ({{јез-нем|Niklaus Emil Wirth}}; [[Винтертур]], [[15. фебруар]] [[1934]]) [[Швајцарска|швајцарски]] је информатичар.<ref name=":0" /> Звање инжењера електронике је стекао на Швајцарском универзитету технологије у [[Цирих]]у [[1959]]. а докторирао је на [[Универзитет Калифорније (Беркли)|Универзитету Калифорније]] у [[Беркли (Калифорнија)|Берклију]] [[1963]]. Сматра се изузетним стручњаком из области [[рачунарство|рачунарства]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/wirth_1025774.cfm |title=Niklaus E. Wirth |last=Haigh |first=Thomas |year=1984 |website=A. M. Turing Award |publisher=Association for Computing Machinery |access-date=15 October 2019}}</ref> а најпознатији је као творац [[програмски језик|програмског језика]] [[Паскал (програмски језик)|Паскал]]. Осим паскала пројектовао је и програмске језике [[Алгол]], [[Модула]], [[Модула-2]] и [[Оберон (програмски језик)|Оберон]]. За свој рад је [[1984]]. године добио [[Тјурингова награда|Тјурингову награду]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Niklaus-Emil-Wirth|title=Niklaus Emil Wirth {{!}} Swiss computer scientist {{!}} Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|language=en|access-date=2022-01-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Dasgupta |first1=Sanjoy |last2=Papadimitriou |first2=Christos |author-link2=Christos Papadimitriou |last3=Vazirani |first3=Umesh |author-link3=Umesh Vazirani |year=2008 |title=Algorithms |url=https://archive.org/details/algorithms00dasg_934 |url-access=limited |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]] |page=317 |isbn=978-0-07-352340-8}}</ref><ref>[http://dblp.org/db/journals/cacm/turing.html Bibliography of Turing Award lectures], [[DBLP]]</ref> Предавао је на универзитету [[Univerzitet u Stanfordu|Станфорд]] на катедри за рачунарске науке ([[1963]] — [[1967]]) као и на Швајцарском технолошком универзитету. [[1975]]. године је написао књигу „[[Алгоритам|Алгоритми]] + структуре података = програми“ (''Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs''). Од априла [[1999]]. се налази у [[пензија|пензији]].

== Биографија ==
{{рут}}
Wirth was born in [[Winterthur]], Switzerland, in 1934. In 1959, he earned a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree in [[electronic engineering]] from the [[Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich]] (ETH Zürich). In 1960, he earned a Master of Science (MSc) from [[Université Laval]], Canada. Then in 1963, he was awarded a PhD in [[Electrical Engineering and Computer Science]] (EECS) from the [[University of California, Berkeley]], supervised by the computer design pioneer [[Harry Huskey]].

From 1963 to 1967, he served as assistant professor of [[computer science]] at [[Stanford University]] and again at the [[University of Zurich]]. Then in 1968, he became Professor of [[Informatics]] at ETH Zürich, taking two one-year sabbaticals at [[Xerox PARC]] in California (1976–1977 and 1984–1985). He retired in 1999.

He was involved with developing [[international standard]]s in programming and informatics, as a member of the [[International Federation for Information Processing]] (IFIP) [[IFIP Working Group 2.1]] on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ifipwg21wiki.cs.kuleuven.be/IFIP21/Profile |title=Profile of IFIP Working Group 2.1 |last1=Jeuring |first1=Johan |last2=Meertens |first2=Lambert |author2-link=Lambert Meertens |last3=Guttmann |first3=Walter |date=2016-08-17 |website=Foswiki |access-date=2020-10-04}}</ref> which [[Specification (technical standard)|specified]], maintains, and supports the [[programming language]]s [[ALGOL 60]] and [[ALGOL 68]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ifipwg21wiki.cs.kuleuven.be/IFIP21/ScopeEtc |title=ScopeEtc: IFIP21: Foswiki |last1=Swierstra |first1=Doaitse |last2=Gibbons |first2=Jeremy |author2-link=Jeremy Gibbons |last3=Meertens |first3=Lambert |author3-link=Lambert Meertens |date=2011-03-02 |website=Foswiki |access-date=2020-10-04}}</ref>

In 2004, he was made a Fellow of the [[Computer History Museum]] "for seminal work in programming languages and algorithms, including Euler, Algol-W, Pascal, Modula, and Oberon."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/niklaus-wirth/ |title=Niklaus Wirth: 2004 Fellow |author=<!-- Unstated --> |website=Computer History Museum (CHM) |access-date=15 October 2019}}</ref>

== Програмски језици ==
[[Датотека:Niklaus Wirth large.jpg|thumb|250п|Никлаус Вирт, 1969]]

Wirth was the chief designer of the [[programming language]]s [[Euler (programming language)|Euler]] (1965), [[PL360]] (1966), [[ALGOL W]] (1966), [[Pascal (programming language)|Pascal]] (1970),<ref>{{Cite news |last=Petzold |first=Charles |date=9 September 1996 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/09/business/programming-languages-survivors-and-wannabes.html |title=Programming Languages: Survivors and Wannabes |work=The New York Times |access-date=8 March 2018 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> [[Modula]] (1975), [[Modula-2]] (1978), [[Oberon (programming language)|Oberon]] (1987), [[Oberon-2]] (1991), and [[Oberon (programming language)#Oberon-07|Oberon-07]] (2007). He was also a major part of the design and implementation team for the operating systems Medos-2 (1983, for the [[Lilith (computer)|Lilith]] [[workstation]]), and [[Oberon (operating system)|Oberon]] (1987, for the [[Ceres (workstation)|Ceres]] workstation), and for the [[Lola (computing)|Lola]] (1995) [[digital hardware]] design and simulation system. In 1984, he received the [[Association for Computing Machinery]] (ACM) [[Turing Award]] for the development of these languages. In 1994, he was inducted as a Fellow of the ACM.

== Публикације ==
His book, written jointly with Kathleen Jensen, ''The Pascal User Manual and Report'', served as the basis of many language implementation efforts in the 1970s and 1980s in the United States and across Europe.

His article ''Program Development by Stepwise Refinement'', about the teaching of programming, is considered to be a classic text in software engineering.<ref>{{cite book |last=Wirth |first=Niklaus |date=2001 |chapter=Program Development by Stepwise Refinement |editor1-last=Broy |editor1-first=Manfred |editor2-last=Denert |editor2-first=Ernst |title=Pioneers and Their Contributions to Software Engineering |location=Berlin, Heidelberg |publisher=Springer |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-48354-7 |isbn=978-3642483554|s2cid=11348419 }}</ref> In 1975, he wrote the book ''[[Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs]]'', which gained wide recognition.<ref>[http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=540029 Citations collected] by the [[Association for Computing Machinery]] (ACM)</ref> Major revisions of this book with the new title ''Algorithms + Data Structures'' were published in 1985 and 2004. The examples in the first edition were written in Pascal. These were replaced in the later editions with examples written in Modula-2 and Oberon respectively.

{{anchor|Systematic Programming}}His textbook, ''Systematic Programming: An Introduction'', was considered a good source for students who wanted to do more than just coding. The cover flap of the sixth edition (1973) stated the book "... is tailored to the needs of people who view a course on systematic construction of algorithms as part of their basic mathematical training, rather than to the immediate needs of those who wish to be able to occasionally encode a problem and hand it over to their computer for instant solution."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wirth |first=Niklaus |year=1973 |chapter=Cover flap |title=Systematic Programming: An Introduction |isbn=0-13-880369-2}}</ref> Regarded as a challenging text to work through, it was sought as imperative reading for those interested in numerical mathematics.<ref>{{cite journal |jstor=2005728 |title=Systematic Programming: An Introduction by Niklaus Wirth |last=Abrahams |first=Paul |date=July 1974 |journal=Mathematics of Computation |publisher=[[American Mathematical Society]] |volume=28 |issue=127 |pages=881–883 |doi=10.2307/2005728}}</ref>

In 1992, he and [[Jürg Gutknecht]] published the full documentation of the [[Oberon (operating system)|Oberon OS]].<ref name="PO">{{Cite book |last1=Wirth |first1=Niklaus |last2=Gutknecht |first2=Jürg |author-link=Jürg Gutknecht |year=1992 |title=Project Oberon: The Design of an Operating System and Compiler |url=http://www.ethoberon.ethz.ch/WirthPubl/ProjectOberon.pdf |publisher=Addison-Wesley, ACM Press |isbn=978-0201544282 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412053624/http://www.ethoberon.ethz.ch/WirthPubl/ProjectOberon.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2013}} Out of print. [http://www.inf.ethz.ch/personal/wirth/ProjectOberon/ Online version of a 2nd edition]. [http://people.inf.ethz.ch/wirth/ProjectOberon1992.pdf 2005 edition, PDF.]</ref> A second book, with Martin Reiser, was intended as a programming guide.<ref name="PIO">{{Cite book |last1=Reiser |first1=Martin |last2=Wirth |first2=Niklaus |year=1992 |title=Programming in Oberon: Steps Beyond Pascal and Modula |url=http://www.ethoberon.ethz.ch/WirthPubl/ProgInOberonWR.pdf |publisher=Addison-Wesley, ACM Press |isbn=978-0201565430}}. Out of print.</ref>

== Виртов закон ==
{{Main|Виртов закон}}

In 1995, he popularized the adage now named [[Wirth's law|Виртов закон]], which states that software is getting slower more rapidly than [[Computer hardware|hardware]] becomes faster. In his 1995 paper ''A Plea for Lean Software'' he attributes it to Martin Reiser.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Wirth |first=Niklaus |date=February 1995 |title=A Plea for Lean Software |journal=[[Computer (magazine)|Computer]] |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=64–68 |doi=10.1109/2.348001}}</ref>


== Референце ==
== Референце ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

== Литаратура ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite journal | title= A Plea for Lean Software | author-link=Niklaus Wirth |first=Niklaus |last=Wirth | url= http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/2.348001 | access-date= 2007-01-13 | journal=[[Computer (magazine)|Computer]] | date=February 1995 | volume=28 | issue=2 | pages=64–68 | doi= 10.1109/2.348001 }}
* {{cite journal | url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/semiconductors/materials/5-commandments | journal = IEEE Spectrum | title=5 Commandments |first=Philip E. |last=Ross| date = December 2003 }}
* {{cite book | title= The Oberon System User Guide and Programmer's Manual | last= Reiser | first=Martin | year=1991 | isbn=0-201-54422-9 | publisher=ACM Press }}
* {{cite journal |year=1987 |title=Yes, There IS a Difference Between Micros and 'Big' Computers |url=http://tpug.icomm.ca/nl/tn-v2n1.htm#YesThereISADifference |journal=[[TPUG News]] |volume=2 |issue=1 |first=Geoffrey |last=Welsh |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050310224703/http://tpug.icomm.ca/nl/tn-v2n1.htm#YesThereISADifference |archive-date=March 10, 2005 }}
* {{cite book |editor-first=László |editor-last=Böszörményi |editor2-first=Jürg |editor2-last=Gutknecht |editor3-first=Gustav |editor3-last=Pomberger |title=The School of Niklaus Wirth: The Art of Simplicity |publisher=Morgan Kaufmann |year=2000 |isbn=1-55860-723-4}}
{{refend}}


== Спољашње везе ==
== Спољашње везе ==
{{Commonscat|Niklaus Wirth}}
{{Commonscat|Niklaus Wirth}}
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{Official website|people.inf.ethz.ch/wirth}}, ETH Zürich
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20021129064010/http://www.cs.inf.ethz.ch/~wirth/ Лична веб страница]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20021129064010/http://www.cs.inf.ethz.ch/~wirth/ Лична веб страница]
* [https://www.inf.ethz.ch/people/person-detail.html?persid=78144 Biography] at [[ETH Zürich]]
* [http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/wirth_1025774.cfm Niklaus E. Wirth] at ACM
* {{cite journal |last=Wirth |first=Niklaus |date=April 1971 |title=Program Development by Stepwise Refinement |journal=[[Communications of the ACM]] |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=221–227 |url=http://sunnyday.mit.edu/16.355/wirth-refinement.html |doi=10.1145/362575.362577|hdl=20.500.11850/80846 |s2cid=13214445 |hdl-access=free}}
* {{cite journal |url=http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~necula/Papers/PLHistoryGoodDesign.PDF |title=On the Design of Programming Languages |year=1974 |last=Wirth |first=N. |journal=Proc. IFIP Congress 74 |pages=386–393}}
* [https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2786.2789 Turing Award Lecture, 1984]
* [http://www.swissdelphicenter.ch/en/niklauswirth.php Pascal and its Successors] paper by Niklaus Wirth – also includes short biography.
* [http://www.eptacom.net/pubblicazioni/pub_eng/wirth.html A Few Words with Niklaus Wirth]
* ''[https://dblp.org/db/conf/birthday/wirth2000 The School of Niklaus Wirth: The Art of Simplicity]'', by László Böszörményi, [[Jürg Gutknecht]], Gustav Pomberger (editors). [[dpunkt.verlag]]; [[Morgan Kaufmann Publishers]], 2000. {{ISBN|3-932588-85-1}}, {{ISBN|1-55860-723-4}}.
* The book [https://web.archive.org/web/20170217071020/http://www.ethoberon.ethz.ch/WirthPubl/CBEAll.pdf Compiler Construction]
* The book [http://www.inf.ethz.ch/personal/wirth/AD.pdf Algorithms and Data Structures]
* The book [http://www.inf.ethz.ch/personal/wirth/ProjectOberon1992.pdf Project Oberon – The Design of an Operating System and Compiler]. The book about the Oberon language and Operating System is now available as a PDF file. The PDF file has an additional appendix ''Ten Years After: From Objects to Components''.
* [http://www.inf.ethz.ch/personal/wirth/ProjectOberon/index.html Project Oberon 2013]
* Roger S. Scowen: Extended BNF — A generic base standard. Software Engineering Standards Symposium 1993.
* David A. Wheeler, [https://dwheeler.com/essays/dont-use-iso-14977-ebnf.html Don't Use ISO/IEC 14977 Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF)], 2019.
* [[International standard]] ([http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=26153 ISO 14977]), which is one of many formats for EBNF, is now freely available as [http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/s026153_ISO_IEC_14977_1996(E).zip Zip-compressed PDF file].
* {{cite journal |last = Hamming|first = Richard W. |mr = 0035935 |journal = [[Bell System Technical Journal]] |pages = 147–160 |title = Error detecting and error correcting codes |url = http://www.caip.rutgers.edu/~bushnell/dsdwebsite/hamming.pdf |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060525060427/http://www.caip.rutgers.edu/~bushnell/dsdwebsite/hamming.pdf |archive-date = May 25, 2006 |volume = 29 |issue = 2 |date = 1950 |doi=10.1002/j.1538-7305.1950.tb00463.x
|s2cid = 61141773 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Ling |first1=San |first2=Chaoping |last2=Xing |date=2004 |title=Coding Theory: a First Course |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn= 978-0-521-82191-9 }}
* {{cite book |last=Pless |first=Vera |author-link=Vera Pless |date=1982 |title= Introduction to the Theory of Error-Correcting Codes |title-link= Introduction to the Theory of Error-Correcting Codes |location=New York |publisher=Wiley
|isbn=978-0-471-08684-0 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Samuel P. |title=Richard Wesley Hamming (1915–1998) |journal=Notices of the AMS |date=September 1998 |volume=45 |issue=8 |pages=972–977 |issn=0002-9920 |url=https://www.ams.org/notices/199808/mem-morgan.pdf
|access-date=2014-08-30 }}

{{refend}}


{{Тјурингова награда}}
{{Тјурингова награда}}

Верзија на датум 6. септембар 2022. у 05:00

Никлаус Вирт
Николаус Вирт приликом
посете Уралском државном универзитету
Лични подаци
Датум рођења(1934-02-15)15. фебруар 1934. (90 год.)
Место рођењаВинтертур, Швајцарска
ОбразовањеЕТХ Цирих, Laval University
Награде
Званични веб-сајт
people.inf.ethz.ch/wirth/

Никлаус Емил Вирт (нем. Niklaus Emil Wirth; Винтертур, 15. фебруар 1934) швајцарски је информатичар.[3] Звање инжењера електронике је стекао на Швајцарском универзитету технологије у Цириху 1959. а докторирао је на Универзитету Калифорније у Берклију 1963. Сматра се изузетним стручњаком из области рачунарства,[4] а најпознатији је као творац програмског језика Паскал. Осим паскала пројектовао је и програмске језике Алгол, Модула, Модула-2 и Оберон. За свој рад је 1984. године добио Тјурингову награду.[3][5][6] Предавао је на универзитету Станфорд на катедри за рачунарске науке (1963 — 1967) као и на Швајцарском технолошком универзитету. 1975. године је написао књигу „Алгоритми + структуре података = програми“ (Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs). Од априла 1999. се налази у пензији.

Биографија

Wirth was born in Winterthur, Switzerland, in 1934. In 1959, he earned a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree in electronic engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich). In 1960, he earned a Master of Science (MSc) from Université Laval, Canada. Then in 1963, he was awarded a PhD in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) from the University of California, Berkeley, supervised by the computer design pioneer Harry Huskey.

From 1963 to 1967, he served as assistant professor of computer science at Stanford University and again at the University of Zurich. Then in 1968, he became Professor of Informatics at ETH Zürich, taking two one-year sabbaticals at Xerox PARC in California (1976–1977 and 1984–1985). He retired in 1999.

He was involved with developing international standards in programming and informatics, as a member of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi,[7] which specified, maintains, and supports the programming languages ALGOL 60 and ALGOL 68.[8]

In 2004, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum "for seminal work in programming languages and algorithms, including Euler, Algol-W, Pascal, Modula, and Oberon."[9]

Програмски језици

Никлаус Вирт, 1969

Wirth was the chief designer of the programming languages Euler (1965), PL360 (1966), ALGOL W (1966), Pascal (1970),[10] Modula (1975), Modula-2 (1978), Oberon (1987), Oberon-2 (1991), and Oberon-07 (2007). He was also a major part of the design and implementation team for the operating systems Medos-2 (1983, for the Lilith workstation), and Oberon (1987, for the Ceres workstation), and for the Lola (1995) digital hardware design and simulation system. In 1984, he received the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Turing Award for the development of these languages. In 1994, he was inducted as a Fellow of the ACM.

Публикације

His book, written jointly with Kathleen Jensen, The Pascal User Manual and Report, served as the basis of many language implementation efforts in the 1970s and 1980s in the United States and across Europe.

His article Program Development by Stepwise Refinement, about the teaching of programming, is considered to be a classic text in software engineering.[11] In 1975, he wrote the book Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs, which gained wide recognition.[12] Major revisions of this book with the new title Algorithms + Data Structures were published in 1985 and 2004. The examples in the first edition were written in Pascal. These were replaced in the later editions with examples written in Modula-2 and Oberon respectively.

His textbook, Systematic Programming: An Introduction, was considered a good source for students who wanted to do more than just coding. The cover flap of the sixth edition (1973) stated the book "... is tailored to the needs of people who view a course on systematic construction of algorithms as part of their basic mathematical training, rather than to the immediate needs of those who wish to be able to occasionally encode a problem and hand it over to their computer for instant solution."[13] Regarded as a challenging text to work through, it was sought as imperative reading for those interested in numerical mathematics.[14]

In 1992, he and Jürg Gutknecht published the full documentation of the Oberon OS.[15] A second book, with Martin Reiser, was intended as a programming guide.[16]

Виртов закон

Главни чланак: Виртов закон

In 1995, he popularized the adage now named Виртов закон, which states that software is getting slower more rapidly than hardware becomes faster. In his 1995 paper A Plea for Lean Software he attributes it to Martin Reiser.[17]

Референце

  1. ^ „IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award Recipients” (PDF). IEEE. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 24. 11. 2010. г. Приступљено 20. 3. 2021. 
  2. ^ „Niklaus Wirth 2004 Fellow”. 
  3. ^ а б „Niklaus Emil Wirth | Swiss computer scientist | Britannica”. www.britannica.com (на језику: енглески). Приступљено 2022-01-24. 
  4. ^ Haigh, Thomas (1984). „Niklaus E. Wirth”. A. M. Turing Award. Association for Computing Machinery. Приступљено 15. 10. 2019. 
  5. ^ Dasgupta, Sanjoy; Papadimitriou, Christos; Vazirani, Umesh (2008). AlgorithmsСлободан приступ ограничен дужином пробне верзије, иначе неопходна претплата. McGraw-Hill Education. стр. 317. ISBN 978-0-07-352340-8. 
  6. ^ Bibliography of Turing Award lectures, DBLP
  7. ^ Jeuring, Johan; Meertens, Lambert; Guttmann, Walter (2016-08-17). „Profile of IFIP Working Group 2.1”. Foswiki. Приступљено 2020-10-04. 
  8. ^ Swierstra, Doaitse; Gibbons, Jeremy; Meertens, Lambert (2011-03-02). „ScopeEtc: IFIP21: Foswiki”. Foswiki. Приступљено 2020-10-04. 
  9. ^ „Niklaus Wirth: 2004 Fellow”. Computer History Museum (CHM). Приступљено 15. 10. 2019. 
  10. ^ Petzold, Charles (9. 9. 1996). „Programming Languages: Survivors and Wannabes”. The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Приступљено 8. 3. 2018. 
  11. ^ Wirth, Niklaus (2001). „Program Development by Stepwise Refinement”. Ур.: Broy, Manfred; Denert, Ernst. Pioneers and Their Contributions to Software Engineering. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. ISBN 978-3642483554. S2CID 11348419. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-48354-7. 
  12. ^ Citations collected by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
  13. ^ Wirth, Niklaus (1973). „Cover flap”. Systematic Programming: An Introduction. ISBN 0-13-880369-2. 
  14. ^ Abrahams, Paul (јул 1974). „Systematic Programming: An Introduction by Niklaus Wirth”. Mathematics of Computation. American Mathematical Society. 28 (127): 881—883. JSTOR 2005728. doi:10.2307/2005728. 
  15. ^ Wirth, Niklaus; Gutknecht, Jürg (1992). Project Oberon: The Design of an Operating System and Compiler (PDF). Addison-Wesley, ACM Press. ISBN 978-0201544282. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 12. 4. 2013. г.  Out of print. Online version of a 2nd edition. 2005 edition, PDF.
  16. ^ Reiser, Martin; Wirth, Niklaus (1992). Programming in Oberon: Steps Beyond Pascal and Modula (PDF). Addison-Wesley, ACM Press. ISBN 978-0201565430. . Out of print.
  17. ^ Wirth, Niklaus (фебруар 1995). „A Plea for Lean Software”. Computer. 28 (2): 64—68. doi:10.1109/2.348001. 

Литаратура

Спољашње везе

Никлаус Вирт на Викимедијиној остави.
Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Никлаус_Вирт&oldid=25198620”