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Beta Kentauri je dobro poznata na [[Southern Hemisphere|južnoj hemisferi]] kao unutrašnji od dva „pokazivača” na sazvežđu [[Јужни крст (сазвежђе)|Južni krst]]. Linija napravljena od spoljašnjeg pokazivača, [[Alfa Kentauri]]ja, kroz Beta Kentauri vodi do blizine od nekoliko stepeni od [[Gamma Crucis|Gakruksa]], zvezde na severnom kraju krsta. Koristeći Gakruks, navigator može da povuče liniju s [[Alpha Crucis|Akruksom]] na južnom kraju da bi se efektivno odredio [[jug]].<ref name="kysela_lanterman1976"/>
Beta Kentauri je dobro poznata na [[Southern Hemisphere|južnoj hemisferi]] kao unutrašnji od dva „pokazivača” na sazvežđu [[Јужни крст (сазвежђе)|Južni krst]]. Linija napravljena od spoljašnjeg pokazivača, [[Alfa Kentauri]]ja, kroz Beta Kentauri vodi do blizine od nekoliko stepeni od [[Gamma Crucis|Gakruksa]], zvezde na severnom kraju krsta. Koristeći Gakruks, navigator može da povuče liniju s [[Alpha Crucis|Akruksom]] na južnom kraju da bi se efektivno odredio [[jug]].<ref name="kysela_lanterman1976"/>

== Nomenklatura ==
{{rut}}
''β Centauri'' (Latinised to ''Beta Centauri'') is the star system's [[Bayer designation]].

It bore the traditional names ''Hadar'' and ''Agena''. ''Hadar'' comes from the [[Arabic]] حضار (the root's meaning is "to be present" or "on the ground" or "settled, civilized area"<ref name=wehr/>), while the name ''Agena'' {{IPAc-en|@|'|dZ|iː|n|@}} is thought to be derived from the [[Latin]] ''genua'', meaning "knees", from the star's position on the left knee of the [[centaur]] depicted in the constellation [[Centaurus]]. In 2016, the [[International Astronomical Union]] organized a [[IAU Working Group on Star Names|Working Group on Star Names]] (WGSN)<ref name="WGSN"/> to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name ''Hadar'' for the star β Centauri Aa on 21 August 2016 and it is now so entered in the IAU Catalog of Star Names.<ref name="IAU-CSN"/>

The Chinese name for the star is 马腹一 ([[Standard Chinese|Mandarin]]: mǎ fù yī, "the First Star of the Horse's Abdomen").<ref>[http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0607/ap060729.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 29 日]</ref>

The [[Boorong]] people indigenous to what is now northwestern [[Victoria, Australia]] named it ''Bermbermgle'' (together with [[α Centauri]]),<ref name=hamacher/> two brothers who were noted for their courage and destructiveness, and who spear and kill Tchingal, "The Emu" ([[Coalsack Nebula]]).<ref name=stanbridge/> The [[Wotjobaluk people]] name the two brothers ''Bram-bram-bult''.<ref name=hamacher/>

== Vidljivost ==

Beta Centauri is one of the [[list of brightest stars|brightest stars]] in the sky at [[apparent magnitude|magnitude]] 0.61. Its brightness varies by a few hundredths of a magnitude, too small to be noticeable to the naked eye.<ref name=lefevre2009/> Because of its spectral type and the detection of pulsations, the Aa component has been classified as a [[β Cephei variable]].<ref name=gcvs/>

Beta Centauri is well known in the [[Southern Hemisphere]] as the inner of the two "Pointers" to the constellation [[Crux]], popularly known as the Southern Cross. A line made from the other pointer, [[Alpha Centauri]], through Beta Centauri leads to within a few degrees of [[Gacrux]], the star at the north end of the cross. Using Gacrux, a navigator can draw a line with [[Acrux]] at the south end to effectively determine south.<ref name=kysela_lanterman1976/>


== Reference ==
== Reference ==
Ред 152: Ред 168:


<ref name="kysela_lanterman1976">{{cite book | first1=Will | last1=Kyselka | first2=Ray E. | last2=Lanterman | title=North Star to Southern Cross | journal=Honolulu : University Press of Hawaii | publisher=[[University of Hawaii Press]] | year=1976 | isbn=0-8248-0419-8 | page=59 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H5dasxVgjSAC&pg=PA59 | bibcode=1976nsts.book.....K }}</ref>
<ref name="kysela_lanterman1976">{{cite book | first1=Will | last1=Kyselka | first2=Ray E. | last2=Lanterman | title=North Star to Southern Cross | journal=Honolulu : University Press of Hawaii | publisher=[[University of Hawaii Press]] | year=1976 | isbn=0-8248-0419-8 | page=59 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H5dasxVgjSAC&pg=PA59 | bibcode=1976nsts.book.....K }}</ref>

<ref name="WGSN">{{cite web |url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ |title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) |access-date=22 May 2016}}</ref>

<ref name=wehr>{{cite book|author=Hans Wehr|title=A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WTak55pG-_IC|year=1979|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag|isbn=978-3-447-02002-2}}</ref>

<ref name=hamacher>{{cite journal |last1=Hamacher |first1=Duane W. |last2=Frew |first2=David J. |year=2010 |title=An Aboriginal Australian Record of the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae |journal=Journal of Astronomical History & Heritage |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=220–34 |doi=10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2010.03.06 |bibcode=2010JAHH...13..220H |arxiv=1010.4610|s2cid=118454721 }}</ref>

<ref name=stanbridge>{{cite journal |url=http://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/AboriginalAstronomy/literature/Stanbridge1857.pdf |last1=Stanbridge |first1=WM |year=1857 |title=On the Astronomy and Mythology of the Aboriginies of Victoria |journal=Transactions Philosophical Institute Victoria |volume=2 |pages=137–140 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602055546/http://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/AboriginalAstronomy/literature/Stanbridge1857.pdf |archive-date=2 June 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name=lefevre2009>{{cite journal|bibcode=2009A&A...507.1141L|title=A systematic study of variability among OB-stars based on HIPPARCOS photometry|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=507|issue=2|pages=1141|last1=Lefèvre|first1=L.|last2=Marchenko|first2=S. V.|last3=Moffat|first3=A. F. J.|last4=Acker|first4=A.|year=2009|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200912304|doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name=gcvs>{{cite journal|bibcode=2009yCat....102025S|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)|journal=VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S|volume=1|pages=B/gcvs|display-authors=etal|last1=Samus|first1=N. N.|last2=Durlevich|first2=O. V.|year=2009}}</ref>


}}
}}

== Literatura ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* [http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/constellations/constellations/Centaurus.html Centaurus, by Chris Dolan]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329110850/http://www.seds.org/Maps/Stars_en/Fig/centaurus.html C.S. Constellations and Stars]
* [http://www.dibonsmith.com/cen_con.htm Constellations, by Richard Dibon-Smith]
* {{cite journal
| first = Les
| last = Dalrymple
| journal = Sky & Telescope
| date = May 2013
| title = Exploring the M83 Galaxy Group
| volume = 125
| issue = 5
| pages = 38–41
| bibcode = 2013S&T...125e..38D
}}
* {{cite book |first = David H. |last = Levy |title = Deep Sky Objects |publisher = [[Prometheus Books]] |year = 2005 |isbn = 978-1-59102-361-6 |url = https://archive.org/details/deepskyobjects00davi }}
* {{cite book
| last = Makemson
| first = Maud Worcester
| year = 1941
| publisher = [[Yale University Press]]
| title = The Morning Star Rises: an account of Polynesian astronomy
| page = 281
| bibcode = 1941msra.book.....M
}}
* {{cite book |last1=Ridpath |first1=Ian |last2=Tirion |first2=Wil |year=2017 |title=Stars and Planets Guide |publisher=Collins |location=London |isbn=978-0-00-823927-5}} US edition by Princeton University Press, Princeton. {{ISBN|978-0-69-117788-5}}.
* {{citation
| last = Steinicke
| first = Wolfgang
| editor-last = Jakiel
| editor-first = Richard
| publisher = Springer
| year = 2007
| isbn = 9781852337520
| title = Galaxies and How to Observe Them
| url-access = registration
| url = https://archive.org/details/galaxieshowtoobs0000stei
}}
* {{Cite journal | title=Centaurus, constellation boundary | journal=The Constellations |url=http://www.iau.org/public/constellations/#cen | access-date=15 February 2014 }}
* {{cite web |author=Staff |title=First confirmed image of newborn planet caught with ESO's VLT – Spectrum reveals cloudy atmosphere |url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-07/e-fci062918.php |date=2 July 2018 |work=[[EurekAlert!]] |access-date=2 July 2018 }}
* {{cite web |author=Müller, a.|display-authors=et al |title=Orbital and atmospheric characterization of the planet within the gap of the PDS 70 transition disk |url=http://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1821/eso1821b.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702143511/https://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1821/eso1821b.pdf |archive-date=2018-07-02 |url-status=live |work=[[European Southern Observatory|ESO]] |access-date=2 July 2018 }}
* {{cite web |author=Keppler, M.|display-authors=et al |title=Discovery of a planetary-mass companion within the gap of the transition disk around PDS 70 |url=http://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1821/eso1821a.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702143503/https://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1821/eso1821a.pdf |archive-date=2018-07-02 |url-status=live |work=[[European Southern Observatory|ESO]] |access-date=2 July 2018 }}
* {{cite book|last1=Allen|first1=Richard Hinckley|title=Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning|date=1963|publisher=Dover|isbn=978-0-486-21079-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/starnamestheirlo00alle/page/279 279]|url=https://archive.org/details/starnamestheirlo00alle/page/279}}
{{refend}}


== Spoljašnje veze ==
== Spoljašnje veze ==

Верзија на датум 24. јун 2023. у 03:15

β Kentauri
Lokacija β Kentaurija (zaokruženo)
Položaj na nebu
Epoha J2000      Ravnodnevnica J2000
Sazvežđe Kentaur
Rektascenzija 14h 03m 49.40535s[1]
Deklinacija –60° 22′ 22.9266″[1]
Prividna magnituda (V) 0.61[2]
Karakteristike
U−B indeks boja –0.98[2]
B−V indeks boja –0.23[2]
β Cen Aa
Spektralni tip B1 III[3]
Varijabilni tip β Cep[4]
β Cen Ab
Spektralni tip B1 III[3]
Promenljivi tip β Cep[4]
β Cen B
Spektralni tip B1V?[3]
Astrometrija
Radijalna brzina (Rv)+5.9[5] km/s
Sopstveno kretanje (μ) RA: –33.27[1] mas/g
Dek.: –23.16[1] mas/g
Paralaksa (π)8.32 ± 0.50[1] mas
Rastojanje390 ± 20 ly
(120 ± 7 ps)
Apsolutna magnituda (MV)−4.53[6]
Orbita[3]
Primarnaβ Cen Aa
Kompanjonβ Cen Ab
Period (P)356.94 days
Velika poluosa (a)0.0253″
Ekscentricitet (e)0.825
Inklinacija (i)67.4°
Apsidna epoha (T)2451600.08
Argument perihela (ω)
(sekundarni)		62.2°
Poluamplituda (K1)
(primarna)		57.4 km/s
Poluamplituda (K2)
(sekundarna)		72.3 km/s
Orbita[7]
Primarnaβ Cen A
Kompanjonβ Cen B
Period (P)288.267 g
Velika poluosa (a)0.870″
Detalji
Luminoznost41,700[8] L☉
Starost14.1 ± 0.6[3] Myr
β Cen Aa
Masa10.7 ± 0.1[3] M☉
Poluprečnik13[9] R☉
Površinska gravitacija (log g)3.5 ± 0.4[3] cgs
Temperatura25,000 ± 2,000[3] K
β Cen Ab
Masa10.3 ± 0.1[3] M☉
Površinska gravitacija (log g)3.5 ± 0.4[3] cgs
Temperatura25,000 ± 2,000[3] K
β Cen B
Masa4.61[7] M☉
Druge oznake
Agena, Hadar,[10] HR 5267, HD 122451, CD−59°5365, LHS 51, SAO 252582, FK5 518 , HIP 68702, GC 18971, CCDM J14038-6022[11]
Referentne baze podataka
SIMBADdata

Beta Kentauri (latinizovano od β Kentauri, skraćeno Beta Ken, β Ken), sa zvaničnim imenom Hadar,[12] jeste trozvezdani sistem u južnom sazvežđu Kentaurija. Kombinovana vizuelna magnitude sistema od 0,61 čini ovu zvezdu drugim najsjajnijim objektom u Kentauri saszvežđu i jednom od najsjajnijih zvezda na noćnom nebu. Prema merenjima paralakse sa astrometrijskog satelita Hiparkos,[13][14] rastojanje do ovog sistema je oko 390 ± 20 svetlosnih godina (120 ± 6 parseksa).[1]

Beta Kentauri je dobro poznata na južnoj hemisferi kao unutrašnji od dva „pokazivača” na sazvežđu Južni krst. Linija napravljena od spoljašnjeg pokazivača, Alfa Kentaurija, kroz Beta Kentauri vodi do blizine od nekoliko stepeni od Gakruksa, zvezde na severnom kraju krsta. Koristeći Gakruks, navigator može da povuče liniju s Akruksom na južnom kraju da bi se efektivno odredio jug.[15]

Nomenklatura

β Centauri (Latinised to Beta Centauri) is the star system's Bayer designation.

It bore the traditional names Hadar and Agena. Hadar comes from the Arabic حضار (the root's meaning is "to be present" or "on the ground" or "settled, civilized area"[16]), while the name Agena /əˈdʒiːnə/ is thought to be derived from the Latin genua, meaning "knees", from the star's position on the left knee of the centaur depicted in the constellation Centaurus. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[17] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Hadar for the star β Centauri Aa on 21 August 2016 and it is now so entered in the IAU Catalog of Star Names.[12]

The Chinese name for the star is 马腹一 (Mandarin: mǎ fù yī, "the First Star of the Horse's Abdomen").[18]

The Boorong people indigenous to what is now northwestern Victoria, Australia named it Bermbermgle (together with α Centauri),[19] two brothers who were noted for their courage and destructiveness, and who spear and kill Tchingal, "The Emu" (Coalsack Nebula).[20] The Wotjobaluk people name the two brothers Bram-bram-bult.[19]

Vidljivost

Beta Centauri is one of the brightest stars in the sky at magnitude 0.61. Its brightness varies by a few hundredths of a magnitude, too small to be noticeable to the naked eye.[21] Because of its spectral type and the detection of pulsations, the Aa component has been classified as a β Cephei variable.[22]

Beta Centauri is well known in the Southern Hemisphere as the inner of the two "Pointers" to the constellation Crux, popularly known as the Southern Cross. A line made from the other pointer, Alpha Centauri, through Beta Centauri leads to within a few degrees of Gacrux, the star at the north end of the cross. Using Gacrux, a navigator can draw a line with Acrux at the south end to effectively determine south.[15]

Reference

  1. ^ а б в г д ђ van Leeuwen (novembar 2007). „Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653—664. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. arXiv:0708.1752 Слободан приступ. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. 
  2. ^ а б в Hoffleit, Dorrit; Jaschek, Carlos (1991). „The Bright star catalogue”. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Observatory, 5th Rev.ed. Bibcode:1991bsc..book.....H. 
  3. ^ а б в г д ђ е ж з и ј Ausseloos, M.; Aerts, C.; Lefever, K.; Davis, J.; Harmanec, P. (avgust 2006). „High-precision elements of double-lined spectroscopic binaries from combined interferometry and spectroscopy. Application to the β Cephei star β Centauri”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 455 (1): 259—269. Bibcode:2006A&A...455..259A. arXiv:astro-ph/0605220 Слободан приступ. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20064829. 
  4. ^ а б Ausseloos, M.; Aerts, C.; Uytterhoeven, K.; Schrijvers, C.; Waelkens, C.; Cuypers, J. (2002). „Beta Centauri: An eccentric binary with two beta Cep-type components”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 384: 209. Bibcode:2002A&A...384..209A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020004 Слободан приступ. 
  5. ^ Evans, D. S. (20—24. 6. 1966). Batten, Alan Henry; Heard, John Frederick, ур. „The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities”. Determination of Radial Velocities and Their Applications. University of Toronto: International Astronomical Union. 30: 57. Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E. 
  6. ^ Davis, J.; Mendez, A.; Seneta, E. B.; Tango, W. J.; Booth, A. J.; O'Byrne, J. W.; Thorvaldson, E. D.; Ausseloos, M.; Aerts, C.; Uytterhoeven, K. (2005). „Orbital parameters, masses and distance to β Centauri determined with the Sydney University Stellar Interferometer and high-resolution spectroscopy”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 356 (4): 1362—1370. Bibcode:2005MNRAS.356.1362D. arXiv:astro-ph/0411054 Слободан приступ. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08571.x. 
  7. ^ а б Tokovinin, A. A. (1997). „MSC - a catalogue of physical multiple stars”. Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series. 124: 75. Bibcode:1997A&AS..124...75T. doi:10.1051/aas:1997181 Слободан приступ. 
  8. ^ Prinja, Raman K. (1989). „Ultraviolet observations of stellar winds in Be and 'normal' B non-supergiant stars”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 241 (4): 721—752. Bibcode:1989MNRAS.241..721P. doi:10.1093/mnras/241.4.721 Слободан приступ. 
  9. ^ https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=beta+centauri+diameter
  10. ^ Allen, R. H. (1963), Star Names: Their Lore and MeaningНеопходна слободна регистрација (Reprint изд.), New York: Dover Publications Inc, стр. 154, ISBN 0-486-21079-0, Приступљено 12. 12. 2010 
  11. ^ „V* bet Cen -- Variable Star of beta Cep type”. SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Приступљено 19. 12. 2011. 
  12. ^ а б „IAU Catalog of Star Names”. Приступљено 12. 8. 2018. 
  13. ^ Perryman, M. A. C.; Lindegren, L.; Kovalevsky, J. (jul 1997). „The Hipparcos Catalogue”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 323: L49—L52. Bibcode:1997A&A...323L..49P. 
  14. ^ Perryman, Michael (2010), „The Making of History's Greatest Star Map”, The Making of History's Greatest Star Map, Astronomers’ Universe, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, Bibcode:2010mhgs.book.....P, ISBN 978-3-642-11601-8, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-11602-5 
  15. ^ а б Kyselka, Will; Lanterman, Ray E. (1976). North Star to Southern Cross. Honolulu : University Press of Hawaii. University of Hawaii Press. стр. 59. Bibcode:1976nsts.book.....K. ISBN 0-8248-0419-8. 
  16. ^ Hans Wehr (1979). A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-02002-2. 
  17. ^ „IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)”. Приступљено 22. 5. 2016. 
  18. ^ AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 29 日
  19. ^ а б Hamacher, Duane W.; Frew, David J. (2010). „An Aboriginal Australian Record of the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae”. Journal of Astronomical History & Heritage. 13 (3): 220—34. Bibcode:2010JAHH...13..220H. S2CID 118454721. arXiv:1010.4610 Слободан приступ. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2010.03.06. 
  20. ^ Stanbridge, WM (1857). „On the Astronomy and Mythology of the Aboriginies of Victoria” (PDF). Transactions Philosophical Institute Victoria. 2: 137—140. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 2. 6. 2013. г. 
  21. ^ Lefèvre, L.; Marchenko, S. V.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Acker, A. (2009). „A systematic study of variability among OB-stars based on HIPPARCOS photometry”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 507 (2): 1141. Bibcode:2009A&A...507.1141L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912304 Слободан приступ. 
  22. ^ Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). „VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)”. VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1: B/gcvs. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S. 

Literatura

Spoljašnje veze

Beta Kentauri na Vikimedijinoj ostavi.
Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beta_Kentauri&oldid=25936790”