Čarvaka

Čarvaka, takođe poznata kao Lokāyata, je drevna škola indijskog materijalizma.^[1] Smatra se jednim primerom ateističkih škola u hinduističkoj tradiciji.^[а]^[3]^[б]^[5]^[в] Čarvaka drži direktnu percepciju, empirizam i uslovno zaključivanje kao prave izvore znanja, prihvata filozofski skepticizam i odbacuje ritualizam.^[4]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] On je bio popularan sistem verovanja u staroj Indiji.^[г]

Filozof Brihaspati se tradicionalno naziva osnivačem filozofije čarvaka ili Lokāyata, iako neki naučnici to osporavaju.^[10]^[11] Tokom perioda hinduističke reformacije u prvom milenijumu pre nove ere, kada je budizam uspostavio Gautama Buda, a džainizam je reorganizovao Paršvanata.^[12] Njena učenja su sastavljena iz istorijske sekundarne literature kao što su ona koja se nalazi u šastrama, sutrama i indijskoj epskoj poeziji.^[13]

Reference[уреди | уреди извор]

^ "some of the ancient Hindu traditions like Carvakas have a rich tradition of materialism, in general, other schools..."^[2]
^ "Of the three heterodox systems, the remaining one, the Cārvāka system, is a Hindu system."^[4]
^ For a general discussion of Charvaka and other atheistic traditions within Hindu philosophy, see Frazier 2013, стр. 367
^ "Aside from nontheistic schools like the Samkhya, there have also been explicitly atheistic schools in the Hindu tradition. One virulently anti-supernatural system is/was the so-called Charvaka school."

^ Seema Chishti (21. 8. 2018). „Indian rationalism, Charvaka to Narendra Dabholkar”. The Indian Express.
^ Thomas 2014, стр. 164–165.
^ Raman 2012, стр. 549–574.
^ ^а ^б Tiwari 1998, стр. 67.
^ Cooke 2006, стр. 84.
^ Perrett 1984, стр. 161–174.
^ Bhattacharya 2011, стр. 21–32.
^ Radhakrishnan & Moore 1957, стр. 187, 227–234.
^ Flint 1899, стр. 463.
^ Bhattacharya 2002.
^ Jeaneane Fowler (2015). A. C. Grayling, ур. The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Humanism. John Wiley & Sons. стр. 114 with footnote 17. ISBN 978-1-119-97717-9.
^ Quack 2011, стр. 50:See footnote 3
^ Balcerowicz, Piotr (2016), „Jayarāśi”, Ур.: Zalta, Edward N., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2016 изд.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, Приступљено 2020-07-08

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Spoljašnje veze[уреди | уреди извор]

The Lokāyata, Nāstika and Cārvāka, Surendranath Dasgupta, 1940
Jayarāśi, a 9th-century Indian philosopher associated with Cārvāka / Lokāyata school, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2011)
Lokāyata/Cārvāka – Indian Materialism (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Materialism in India: A Synoptic View Ramkrishna Bhattacharya
Bibliography: Carvaka/Lokayata secondary literature Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (20. децембар 2019), Karl Potter, University of Washington

[3] "some of the ancient Hindu traditions like Carvakas have a rich tradition of materialism, in general, other schools..."^[2]

[6] "Of the three heterodox systems, the remaining one, the Cārvāka system, is a Hindu system."^[4]

[8] For a general discussion of Charvaka and other atheistic traditions within Hindu philosophy, see Frazier 2013, стр. 367

[13] "Aside from nontheistic schools like the Samkhya, there have also been explicitly atheistic schools in the Hindu tradition. One virulently anti-supernatural system is/was the so-called Charvaka school."

[1] Seema Chishti (21. 8. 2018). „Indian rationalism, Charvaka to Narendra Dabholkar”. The Indian Express.

[FOOTNOTEThomas2014164–165-2] Thomas 2014, стр. 164–165.

[FOOTNOTERaman2012549–574-4] Raman 2012, стр. 549–574.

[FOOTNOTETiwari199867-5] а ^б Tiwari 1998, стр. 67.

[FOOTNOTECooke200684-7] Cooke 2006, стр. 84.

[FOOTNOTEPerrett1984161–174-9] Perrett 1984, стр. 161–174.

[FOOTNOTEBhattacharya201121–32-10] Bhattacharya 2011, стр. 21–32.

[FOOTNOTERadhakrishnanMoore1957187,_227–234-11] Radhakrishnan & Moore 1957, стр. 187, 227–234.

[FOOTNOTEFlint1899463-12] Flint 1899, стр. 463.

[FOOTNOTEBhattacharya2002-14] Bhattacharya 2002.

[:1-15] Jeaneane Fowler (2015). A. C. Grayling, ур. The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Humanism. John Wiley & Sons. стр. 114 with footnote 17. ISBN 978-1-119-97717-9.

[FOOTNOTEQuack201150-16] Quack 2011, стр. 50:See footnote 3

[17] Balcerowicz, Piotr (2016), „Jayarāśi”, Ур.: Zalta, Edward N., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2016 изд.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, Приступљено 2020-07-08

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