Blečli Park

Blečli Park
	Vila 2017
Uspostavljen	1938 (kao centar za razbijanje šifri); 1993 (kao muzej)
Lokacija	Blečli, Milton Kins, Bakingemšir, Engleska, Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo
Koordinate	51°59′53″ SGŠ; 0°44′28″ ZGD / 51.998° SGŠ; 0.741° ZGDKoordinate: 51°59′53″ SGŠ; 0°44′28″ ZGD / 51.998° SGŠ; 0.741° ZGD
Direktor	Ijan Standen
Pristup javnim saobraćajem	Blečli železnička stanica
Bebsajt	bletchleypark.org.uk

Blečli Park je engleska seoska vila i imanje u Blečliju, Milton Kejns (Bakingemšir), koji je postao glavni centar savezničkog razotkrivanja šifri tokom Drugog svetskog rata. Vila je izgrađena tokom perioda nakon 1883. za finansijera i političara Herberta Leona u viktorijanskom gotičkom, tudorskom i holandskom baroknom stilu, na mestu starijih istoimenih zgrada.

Tokom Drugog svetskog rata, na imanju se nalazila Vladina škola kodova i šifri (GC&CS), koja je redovno penetrirala tajne komunikacije Sila Osovine – najvažnije nemačke Enigma i Lorenc šifre. GC&CS tim razotkrivača šifri uključivao je Alana Tjuringa, Hari Golombeka, Gordona Velčmana, Hju Aleksandra, Bila Tata i Stjuarta Milner-Berija.

Prema zvaničnom istoričaru britanske obaveštajne službe, „Ultra“ obaveštajni podaci proizvedeni u Blečliju skratili su rat za dve do četiri godine, a bez njih bi ishod rata bio neizvestan.^[1] Tim u Blečli parku je osmislio automatske mašine koje su pomogle u dešifrovanju, što je kulminiralo razvojem Kolosusa, prvog programabilnog digitalnog elektronskog računara na svetu.^{[н. 1]} Operacije razotrikvanja koda u Blečli parku su se završile 1946. godine i sve informacije o ratnim operacijama su ostale klasifikovane do sredine 1970-ih.

Posle rata imao je različite namene, uključujući koledž za obuku nastavnika i lokalno sedište GPO. Do 1990. godine, kolibe u kojima su radili razotrivači šifri razmatrane su za rušenje i preuređenje. Blečli Park zadužbina je formirana u februaru 1992. kako bi se veliki deo lokacije zaštitio od stambene izgradnje.

Nedavno je Blečli park bio otvoren za javnost, sa interpretativnim eksponatima i kolibama koje su ponovo izgrađene da izgledaju kao što su izgledale tokom svojih ratnih operacija. Godišnje prima stotine hiljada posetilaca.^[2] Odvojeni Nacionalni muzej računarstva, koji uključuje radnu repliku mašine Bombe i obnovljeni računar Kolosus, smešten je u Bloku H na ovoj lokaciji.

Napomene

^ Colossus itself was designed and built by Tommy Flowers at the Post Office Research Station at Dollis Hill in north London, to solve a problem posed by mathematician Max Newman at the GC&CS. From there, it (and nine more) were installed and operated in Bletchley.

Reference

^ Hinsley 1996
^ „Bletchley Park Welcomes 2015'S 200,000th Visitor”. Bletchley Park. 26. 8. 2015. Архивирано из оригинала 2. 2. 2017. г. Приступљено 25. 1. 2017.

Literatura

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Briggs, Asa (2011), Secret Days: Code-breaking in Bletchley Park, Barnsley, England: Frontline Books, ISBN 978-1-84832-615-6
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Grey, Christopher (2012), Decoding Organization: Bletchley Park, Codebreaking and Organization Studies, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1107005457
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Hinsley, Harry (1996) [1993], The Influence of ULTRA in the Second World War, Приступљено 13. 2. 2015 Transcript of a lecture given on Tuesday 19 October 1993 at Cambridge University
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Spoljašnje veze

Bletchley Park Trust Архивирано 9 децембар 2009 на сајту Wayback Machine
Roll of Honour: List of the men and women who worked at Bletchley Park and the Out Stations during WW2, Архивирано из оригинала 18. 5. 2011. г., Приступљено 9. 7. 2011
Bletchley Park—Virtual Tour by Tony Sale
The National Museum of Computing (based at Bletchley Park)
The RSGB National Radio Centre (based at Bletchley Park)
„New hope of saving Bletchley Park for nation”. Архивирано из оригинала 6. 2. 2006. г. Приступљено 10. 4. 2019. (The Daily Telegraph 3 March 1997)
Boffoonery! Comedy Benefit For Bletchley Park Архивирано 17 децембар 2014 на сајту Wayback Machine Comedians and computing professionals stage comedy show in aid of Bletchley Park
Bletchley Park: It's No Secret, Just an Enigma, The Telegraph, 29 August 2009
Bletchley Park is official charity of Shed Week 2010—in recognition of the work done in the Huts
Saving Bletchley Park blog by Sue Black
19-minute Video interview на сајту YouTube with Sue Black by Robert Llewellyn about Bletchley Park
Douglas, Ian (25. 12. 2012), „Bletchley's forgotten heroes”, The Daily Telegraph, Архивирано из оригинала 26. 12. 2012. г.
C4 Station X 1999 on DVD here
How Alan Turing Cracked The Enigma Code Imperial War Museums
The Bletchley Park Podcast on Audioboom
Bletchley Park Paperwork at The ICL Computer Museum

Mape

[2] Colossus itself was designed and built by Tommy Flowers at the Post Office Research Station at Dollis Hill in north London, to solve a problem posed by mathematician Max Newman at the GC&CS. From there, it (and nine more) were installed and operated in Bletchley.

[HinsleyLecture-1] Hinsley 1996

[3] „Bletchley Park Welcomes 2015'S 200,000th Visitor”. Bletchley Park. 26. 8. 2015. Архивирано из оригинала 2. 2. 2017. г. Приступљено 25. 1. 2017.

[1]

[н. 1]

[2]

Normativna kontrola
Međunarodne	VIAF WorldCat
Državne	Nemačka