Luzon
Geografija | |
---|---|
Koordinate | 16° 00′ 00″ S; 121° 00′ 00″ I / 16.000° S; 121.000° I |
Arhipelag | Filipinska ostrva |
Površina | 109.965 km2 |
Visina | 2.922 m |
Najviši vrh | Pulag |
Administracija | |
Najveći grad | Kezon Siti |
FIL | |
Metro Manila, Bikol, Kagajan dolina, Kalabrazon, Centralni Luzon, Administrativna regija Kordilera, Ilokos | |
Demografija | |
Stanovništvo | 48520774 (2010) |
Gustina st. | 441,24 stan./km2 |
Luzon je najveće i politički najznačajnije ostrvo Filipina i jedno od tri ostrvske grupe u zemlji, druge dve su Visaja i Mindanao. Luzon kao ostrvska grupa uključuje ostrva Luzon, Batan, Babujanska ostrva, Katanduanes, Marinduk, Masbate, Romblon i Mindoro. Ostrvo je prvi put došlo u kontakt sa Španijom u kasnom 16. veku preko španskih konkistadora, koje su predvodili Martin de Goiti, Huan de Salsedo i Miguel Lopez de Lagaspi koji su stigli između 1570. i 1571. Luzon ima površinu od 104.688 km²,[1] što ga čini sedamnaestim ostrvom po veličini na svetu. Na njemu se nalazi glavni grad Filipina Manila, i najveći grad Kezon Siti. Populacija na ostrvu je 48520774[2][3], iz raznih etničkih grupa. Na ostrvu se nalazi najveća planina zemlje Pulag, i najpoznatiji vulkan Majon. Zapadno od Luzona se nalazi Južnokinesko more (Luzonsko more u Filipinskim teritorijalnim vodama), na istoku Filipinsko more, i na severu Luzonski moreuz. Sa 53 miliona stanovnika prema podacima iz 2015. godine,[4] sadrži 52,5% ukupnog stanovništva zemlje i četvrto je najnaseljenije ostrvo na svetu.[5]
Luzon se takođe može odnositi na jednu od tri primarne ostrvske grupe u zemlji. Kao takav, uključuje kopno Luzona, grupe ostrva Batanes i Babujan na severu, ostrva Polilo na istoku i udaljena ostrva Katanduanes, Marindukue i Mindoro, između ostalih, na jugu.[6] Ostrva Masbate, Palavan i Romblon su takođe uključena, iako se ova tri ponekad grupišu sa Visajska ostrva.
Etimologija[uredi | uredi izvor]
Smatra se da ime Luzon potiče od lusong, tagaloške reči koja se odnosi na određenu vrstu velikog drvenog avana koji se koristio za ljuštenje pirinča.[7][8] Istraživačka publikacija Eulita Bautiste i Evelin Havier iz 2008. godine pruža sliku lusonga, objašnjavajući:
Tradicionalno mlevenje ostvarivano je tokom 1900-ih tako što je masa udarana drvenom tučkom u kamenom ili drvenom avanu zvanom lusong. Prva obrada skida ljusku, a dalja obrada uklanja mekinje, ali i lomi većinu zrna. Dalje vitlanje pomoću pladnja od bambusa (bilao) odvaja trup od zrna pirinča. Ovaj tradicionalni ručni rad, iako vrlo naporan, imao je za ishod mnogo lomljenog pirinča, zahtevao je od dva do tri vešta muškarca i žena da rade skladno i zapravo je bio oblik druženja među mladim ljudima u selima.[9]
Lukonija, je staro ime ostrva Luzon na Filipinima, prikazano na starim latinskim, italijanskim i portugalskim mapama kao „Luçonia” ili „Luconia”.[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]
Vidi još[uredi | uredi izvor]
Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]
- ^ „Islands of Philippines”. Island Directory Tables. United Nations Environment Programme. Arhivirano iz originala 28. 04. 2019. g. Pristupljeno 18. 4. 2016.
- ^ „Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities; Based on 1990, 2000, and 2010 Censuses” (PDF). 2010 Census and Housing Population. National Statistics Office. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 28. 09. 2013. g. Pristupljeno 13. 02. 2013.
- ^ Figure composed of the 8 administrative regions excluding the island provinces of Batanes, Catanduanes, and Masbate and the region MIMAROPA
- ^ Census of Population (2015): Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population (Izveštaj). PSA. Pristupljeno 20. jun 2016.
- ^ Boquet, Yves (2017). The Philippine Archipelago. Springer. str. 16. ISBN 9783319519265.
- ^ Zaide, Sonia M. The Philippines, a Unique Nation. str. 50.
- ^ Keat Gin Ooi (2004). Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor. ABC-CLIO. str. 798. ISBN 978-1-57607-770-2.
- ^ Roberts, Edmund (1837). Embassy to the Eastern Courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat. New York: Harper & Brothers. str. 59.
- ^ Bautista, Eulito U.; Javier, Evelyn F. (2008). „Rice Production Practices: PIDS Research Paper Series 2008-02” (PDF). Philippine Institute of Development Studies Research Papers Series. Philippine Institute of Development Studies: 44. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 15. 08. 2017. g. Pristupljeno 04. 10. 2021.
- ^ Van Linschoten, Jan Huygen (1596). „Exacta & Accurata Delineatio cum Orarum Maritimarum tum etjam locorum terrestrium quae in Regionibus China, Cauchinchina, Camboja sive Champa, Syao, Malacca, Arracan & Pegu.”. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc.
- ^ Quad, Matthias; Bussemachaer, Johann (1598). „Asia Partiu Orbis Maxima MDXCVIII”. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc.
- ^ Hondius, Jodocus (1606). „India Orientalis”. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc.
- ^ Jansson, Jan (1630). „Indiae Orientalis Nova Descriptio”. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc.
- ^ Blaeu, Willem Janszoon (1642). „India quae Orientalis dicitur et Insulae Adiacentes”. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc.
- ^ Blaeu, Willem Janszoon (1635). „Asia Noviter Delineata”. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc.
- ^ Hondius, Henricus (1636). „India quae Orientalis dicitur et Insulae Adiacentes”. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc.
- ^ Mariette, Pierre (1650). „Carte Generale Des Indes Orientales et des Isles Adiacentes”. Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc.
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Spoljašnje veze[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Luzon na sajtu OpenStreetMap
- „Luzon”. The American Cyclopædia. 1879.