DIN (стандард) — разлика између измена

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{{short description|Национална организација за стандарде Немачке}}
{{Организација
{{Организација
| име = Немачки национални завод за стандардизацију
| име = Немачки национални завод за стандардизацију
Ред 13: Ред 14:
| веб-сајт = {{URL|www.din.de}}
| веб-сајт = {{URL|www.din.de}}
}}
}}
'''-{DIN}-''' ({{јез-нем|DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.}}) је [[Немачка|немачки]] национални завод за стандардизацију и представник Немачке у европским и интернационалним организацијама за стандардизацију, као на пример -{[[Међународна организација за стандардизацију|ISO]]}-, -{[[CEN]]}-, -{[[IEC]]}- и -{[[CENELEC]]}-.
'''-{DIN}-''' ({{јез-нем|DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.}}) је [[Немачка|немачки]] национални завод за стандардизацију<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Xie|first1=Zongjie|last2=Hall|first2=Jeremy|last3=McCarthy|first3=Ian P.|last4=Skitmore|first4=Martin|last5=Shen|first5=Liyin|date=2016-02-01|title=Standardization efforts: The relationship between knowledge dimensions, search processes and innovation outcomes|journal=Technovation|series=Innovation and Standardization|volume=48–49|pages=69–78|doi=10.1016/j.technovation.2015.12.002|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Blind 2004">{{cite book|first=K.|last=Blind|title=The economics of standards|year=2004|publisher=Edward Elgar|place=Cheltenham|isbn=978-1-84376-793-0|url=http://www.e-elgar.com/shop/the-economics-of-standards|access-date=2016-06-16|archive-date=2016-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927223550/http://www.e-elgar.com/shop/the-economics-of-standards|url-status=live}}</ref> и представник Немачке у европским и интернационалним организацијама за стандардизацију, као на пример -{[[Међународна организација за стандардизацију|ISO]]}-, -{[[CEN]]}-, -{[[IEC]]}- и -{[[CENELEC]]}-.


Тренутно постоји око тридесет хиљада -{DIN}- стандарда који покривају готово сваку технолошку област.
Тренутно постоји око тридесет хиљада -{DIN}- стандарда који покривају готово сваку технолошку област.

== Историја ==
{{рут}}
Founded in 1917 as the ''{{lang|de|Normenausschuß der deutschen Industrie}}''<!-- szlig is old German spelling --> (NADI, "Standardisation Committee of German Industry"), the NADI was renamed ''{{lang|de|Deutscher Normenausschuß}}''<!-- szlig is old German spelling --> (DNA, "German Standardisation Committee") in 1926 to reflect that the organization now dealt with standardization issues in many fields; viz., not just for industrial products. In 1975 it was renamed again to ''{{lang|de|Deutsches Institut für Normung}}'', or 'DIN' and is recognised by the German government as the official national-standards body, representing German interests at the international and [[Europe]]an levels.

The [[acronym]], 'DIN' is often incorrectly expanded as ''{{lang|de|Deutsche Industrienorm}}'' ("German Industry Standard"). This is largely due to the historic origin of the DIN as "NADI". The NADI indeed published their standards as ''{{lang|de|DI-Norm}}'' (''{{lang|de|Deutsche Industrienorm}}''). For example, the first published standard was '{{lang|de|DI-Norm 1}}' (about [[tapered pin]]s) in 1918. Many people still mistakenly associate DIN with the old ''{{lang|de|DI-Norm}}'' naming convention.

One of the earliest, and probably the best known, is [[DIN 476]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.papersizes.org |website= Paper Sizes |title = International Paper Sizes & Formats|access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref> &mdash; the standard that introduced the [[ISO 216#A series|A-series]] [[paper size]]s<ref name="B237">{{cite web
|first=Markus |last=Kuhn
|title=Loi sur le timbre (No. 2136) |trans-title=Law of Taxation (No. 2136)
|url=http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/loi-timbre.html
|date=8 October 2005
|access-date=11 May 2016}} Kuhn includes copies of pages from the journal article that announced the law: {{cite journal
|date=3 November 1798
|title=Loi sur le timbre (Nº 2136)
|journal=Bulletin des lois de la République
|author=Republic of France
|location=Paris|issue=237|pages=1–2|language=fr}}</ref> in 1922 &mdash; adopted in 1975 as International Standard [[ISO 216]].<ref name="Beck">{{cite web
|first=Georg Christoph |last=Lichtenberg
|title=Lichtenberg's letter to Johann Beckmann
|translator-first=Markus |translator-last=Kuhn |translator-link=Markus Kuhn (computer scientist)
|language=de, en
|orig-year= Written 25 October 1786
|date=7 February 2006
|publisher=[[University of Cambridge]]
|url=http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/lichtenberg-letter.html
|access-date=10 May 2016}} Published in {{cite book
|last = Lichtenberg |first = Georg Christoph |title = Briefwechsel |trans-title=Correspondence
|editor1-first=Ulrich |editor1-last=Joost |editor2-first=Albrecht |editor2-last=Schöne |editor-link2=Albrecht Schöne
|publisher = Beck |location = Munich |date = 1990 |volume=III (1785–1792)
|language=de |pages= 274–75
|url={{Google books|iz8cwXux3B0C|page=274|plainurl=yes}}
|access-date=10 May 2016
|isbn = 3-406-30958-5}}
</ref><ref name="ISO 536">{{Cite web
|url=https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:536:ed-4:v1:en
|access-date=8 June 2021
|author=International Organization for Standardization |author-link=International Organization for Standardization
|title=ISO 536:2019(en): Paper and board — Determination of grammage
|edition=4 |at=§&nbsp; 3.1 note 1.
|work=ISO Browsing Platform
|date=November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= A Paper Sizes – A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9 |url= https://www.papersizes.org/a-paper-sizes.htm |website= papersizes.org |access-date= 2 August 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= International Paper Sizes, Dimensions, Format & Standards |url= https://papersize.co/ |website= PaperSize |access-date= 5 October 2018 }}</ref> Common examples in modern technology include [[DIN connector|DIN]] and [[mini-DIN]] connectors for electronics, and the [[DIN rail]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Simpson|first1=Robert|title=Lighting Control: Technology and Applications|date=2003|publisher=Focal Press/Elsevier|location=Oxford UK|isbn=0-240-51566-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sites.ieee.org/npec-sc2/files/2017/06/SC-2Mgt08-2_Att9-WP_DIN-Rail.pdf|title=DIN-Rail in the Electrical Control Cabinet and Junction Box|author=Arnold Offner|website=[[IEEE]] Power and Engineering Society|author2=Phoenix Contact|date=November 12, 2008|access-date=May 31, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Tickoo|first1=Sham|title=AutoCAD Electrical 2010 for Engineers|date=2010|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=India|isbn=978-81-317-3213-7|pages=8–46}}</ref>

[[DIN SPEC 3105]], published in 2020, is "the first German standard to be published under an [[Open-license|open license]] ([[CC BY-SA 4.0|CC-BY-SA 4.0]]) [...] to implement an open standardisation process".<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bonvoisin|first1=Jérémy|last2=Molloy|first2=Jenny|last3=Haeuer|first3=Martin|last4=Wenzel|first4=Tobias|date=2020-04-15|title=Standardisation of Practices in Open Source Hardware|journal=Journal of Open Hardware|volume=4|doi=10.5334/joh.22|arxiv=2004.07143|s2cid=215768760}}</ref>


== Примјери -{DIN}- стандарда ==
== Примјери -{DIN}- стандарда ==
Ред 27: Ред 72:
* [[СРПС]]
* [[СРПС]]
* [[ЈУС]]
* [[ЈУС]]

== Референце ==
{{Reflist}}

== Литература ==
{{Refbegin|30em}}
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{{Refend}}


== Спољашње везе ==
== Спољашње везе ==
Ред 32: Ред 118:
* [http://www.din.de web-stranica DIN-a] (вишејезични)
* [http://www.din.de web-stranica DIN-a] (вишејезични)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070518014308/http://www2.din.de/index.php?lang=en Енглеска верзија]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070518014308/http://www2.din.de/index.php?lang=en Енглеска верзија]
* [https://www.din.de DIN home page] (German version)
* [https://www.din.de/en DIN home page] (English version)
* [https://www.din.de/blob/112466/34d86dc9fb54d399bf05ceccb237d49e/nutzerleitfaden-data.pdf Guidance paper] (in German)
* [https://www.din.de/de/service-fuer-anwender/din-akademie/ Further education] (in German)
* [https://www.din-web-akademie.de/system/contentview.php/static/beuth/de/startpage2.ihtml Web Courses (official education partner)] (in German)
* [https://www.sicherheitsschulungen.de/e-learning-trainings/ Safety instructions (official DIN education partner)] (in German)
* [https://www.beuth.de/de/dinakademie Training for engineers, managers and experts (official education partner)] (in German)
* [https://www.iso.org/standards.html International Organization for Standardization (ISO)]


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Верзија на датум 19. април 2023. у 21:13

Немачки национални завод за стандардизацију
Зграда седишта Немачког завода за стандардизацију у Берлину
СкраћеницаDIN
Датум оснивања22. децамбра 1917.
Типнон профит
Наменанационална стандардизација
СедиштеБерлин,
 Немачка
Службени језицинемачки
ПредседникDr. Albert Dürr
Веб-сајтwww.din.de

DIN (нем. DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.) је немачки национални завод за стандардизацију[1][2] и представник Немачке у европским и интернационалним организацијама за стандардизацију, као на пример ISO, CEN, IEC и CENELEC.

Тренутно постоји око тридесет хиљада DIN стандарда који покривају готово сваку технолошку област.

Историја

Founded in 1917 as the Normenausschuß der deutschen Industrie (NADI, "Standardisation Committee of German Industry"), the NADI was renamed Deutscher Normenausschuß (DNA, "German Standardisation Committee") in 1926 to reflect that the organization now dealt with standardization issues in many fields; viz., not just for industrial products. In 1975 it was renamed again to Deutsches Institut für Normung, or 'DIN' and is recognised by the German government as the official national-standards body, representing German interests at the international and European levels.

The acronym, 'DIN' is often incorrectly expanded as Deutsche Industrienorm ("German Industry Standard"). This is largely due to the historic origin of the DIN as "NADI". The NADI indeed published their standards as DI-Norm (Deutsche Industrienorm). For example, the first published standard was 'DI-Norm 1' (about tapered pins) in 1918. Many people still mistakenly associate DIN with the old DI-Norm naming convention.

One of the earliest, and probably the best known, is DIN 476[3] — the standard that introduced the A-series paper sizes[4] in 1922 — adopted in 1975 as International Standard ISO 216.[5][6][7][8] Common examples in modern technology include DIN and mini-DIN connectors for electronics, and the DIN rail.[9][10][11]

DIN SPEC 3105, published in 2020, is "the first German standard to be published under an open license (CC-BY-SA 4.0) [...] to implement an open standardisation process".[12]

Примјери DIN стандарда

  • DIN 476: Интернационалне величине папира (сада ISO 216 или DIN EN ISO 216)
  • DIN 946: Одређивање коефицијента трења спојева са вијцима и наврткама под специфичним условима.
  • DIN 1451: Одређује врсте знакова (слова и бројеви) које користе немачке железнице, као и саобраћајни знаци у Немачкој.
  • DIN 5008: Правописна и друга правила при обради текста, као на примјер - формат за датум, вријеме и бројеве.
  • DIN 31635: Стандард за транслитерацију арапског алфабета.

Види још

Референце

  1. ^ Xie, Zongjie; Hall, Jeremy; McCarthy, Ian P.; Skitmore, Martin; Shen, Liyin (2016-02-01). „Standardization efforts: The relationship between knowledge dimensions, search processes and innovation outcomes”. Technovation. Innovation and Standardization. 48–49: 69—78. doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2015.12.002 Слободан приступ. 
  2. ^ Blind, K. (2004). The economics of standards. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. ISBN 978-1-84376-793-0. Архивирано из оригинала 2016-09-27. г. Приступљено 2016-06-16. 
  3. ^ „International Paper Sizes & Formats”. Paper Sizes. Приступљено 29. 6. 2020. 
  4. ^ Kuhn, Markus (8. 10. 2005). „Loi sur le timbre (No. 2136)” [Law of Taxation (No. 2136)]. Приступљено 11. 5. 2016.  Kuhn includes copies of pages from the journal article that announced the law: Republic of France (3. 11. 1798). „Loi sur le timbre (Nº 2136)”. Bulletin des lois de la République (на језику: француски). Paris (237): 1—2. 
  5. ^ Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph (7. 2. 2006) [Written 25 October 1786]. „Lichtenberg's letter to Johann Beckmann” (на језику: немачки и енглески). Превод: Kuhn, Markus. University of Cambridge. Приступљено 10. 5. 2016.  Published in Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph (1990). Joost, Ulrich; Schöne, Albrecht, ур. Briefwechsel [Correspondence] (на језику: немачки). III (1785–1792). Munich: Beck. стр. 274—75. ISBN 3-406-30958-5. Приступљено 10. 5. 2016. 
  6. ^ International Organization for Standardization (новембар 2019). „ISO 536:2019(en): Paper and board — Determination of grammage”. ISO Browsing Platform (4 изд.). §  3.1 note 1. Приступљено 8. 6. 2021. 
  7. ^ „A Paper Sizes – A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9”. papersizes.org. Приступљено 2. 8. 2018. 
  8. ^ „International Paper Sizes, Dimensions, Format & Standards”. PaperSize. Приступљено 5. 10. 2018. 
  9. ^ Simpson, Robert (2003). Lighting Control: Technology and Applications. Oxford UK: Focal Press/Elsevier. ISBN 0-240-51566-8. 
  10. ^ Arnold Offner; Phoenix Contact (12. 11. 2008). „DIN-Rail in the Electrical Control Cabinet and Junction Box” (PDF). IEEE Power and Engineering Society. Приступљено 31. 5. 2018. 
  11. ^ Tickoo, Sham (2010). AutoCAD Electrical 2010 for Engineers. India: Dorling Kindersley. стр. 8—46. ISBN 978-81-317-3213-7. 
  12. ^ Bonvoisin, Jérémy; Molloy, Jenny; Haeuer, Martin; Wenzel, Tobias (2020-04-15). „Standardisation of Practices in Open Source Hardware”. Journal of Open Hardware. 4. S2CID 215768760. arXiv:2004.07143 Слободан приступ. doi:10.5334/joh.22. 

Литература

Спољашње везе

DIN на Викимедијиној остави.
Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DIN_(стандард)&oldid=25690032”