Imago
U biologiji, imago je poslednji stadijum koji insekt poprima tokom svoje metamorfoze, procesa rasta i razvića.[2][3][4][5] Pošto protekne vreme lutkinog mirovanja, njena košuljica (egzuvija) prska i kroz nastali otvor izlazi savršen insekt — imago. Na primer, leptir kada izlazi iz košuljice je mokar i mekan, njegova krila su slepljena i on nije sposoban da leti.
Funkcija imaga svodi se uglavnom na razmnožavanje vrste. Imago nekih vrsta posle parenja ugine, mada ima i imaga drugih vrsta koji posle parenja žive i nekoliko godina (npr. tvrdokrilci). Među insektima najduži život imaju ženke socijalnih insekata; (matica domaće pčele do 5 godina), (mravlja kraljica do 12 godina), (ženka termita do 15 godina).
Kod članova Ametabola[6] ili Hemimetabola,[7][8] kod kojih je metamorfoza[9][10] „nepotpuna“, konačna ekdiza prati poslednju nezrelu ili nimfalnu fazu. Kod članova Holometabola, u kojima postoji stadijum kukuljice, konačna ekdiza prati izlazak iz kukuljice, nakon čega je metamorfoza potpuna, iako kod nekih vrsta postoji produženi period sazrevanja.[11]
Imago je jedina faza u kojoj je insekt polno zreo i, ako je vrsta krilata, ima funkcionalna krila. Imago se često naziva odraslim stadijumom.[5] Pripadnici reda Ephemeroptera (vodeni cvetovi) nemaju stadijum kukuljice, ali nakratko prolaze kroz ekstra krilati stadijum koji se zove subimago.[12][13][14] Insekti u ovoj fazi imaju funkcionalna krila, ali još nisu polno zreli.[5]
Latinska množina od imago je imagines, i ovo je termin koji generalno koriste entomolozi – međutim, imago je takođe prihvatljiv.[15]
Preobražaji insekata[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Epimorphosa (razviće bez ili sa vrlo slabim preobražajem). Insekti sa ovim preobražajem imaju primarnu larvu. Razvijaju se po principu jaje – larva – imago.
- Hemimetatobolia (nepotpuna metamorfoza). Javlja se kod insekata koji imaju primarnu larvu ili sekundarnu larvu, koji liče na svog imaga i koja sa svakim presvlačenjem sve više zadobija organe imaga (krila, pipke, polne organe). Razvija se po principu jaje – primarni larva – imago.
- Holometabolia (potpun preobražaj). Javlja se kod insekata koji imaju tercijalnu larvu, koja sve do kraja svog razvića ostaje sa svojim provizornim organima i koja se potpuno razlikuje od imaga. Razvija se po principu jaje – tercijalna larva – lutka – imago.
- Hypermatabolia (hipermetamorfoza)
Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]
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- ^ „metamorphosis | biology | Britannica”. www.britannica.com (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 2022-04-01.
- ^ „What animals undergo incomplete metamorphosis? – Easierwithpractice.com”. easierwithpractice.com. Pristupljeno 2022-04-01.
- ^ Truman, James W. (2019-12-02). „The Evolution of Insect Metamorphosis”. Current Biology (na jeziku: engleski). 29 (23): R1252—R1268. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 31794762. S2CID 208541817. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.10.009.
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- ^ Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940). „Metamorphosis”. A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Pristupljeno 2012-08-26 — preko perseus.tufts.edu.
- ^ „Online Etymology Dictionary”. Etymonline.com. Pristupljeno 2012-08-26.
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- ^ Galbincea, Barb (18. 6. 2014). „Canadian soldiers invade Rocky River (photo gallery)”. cleveland.com. Pristupljeno 11. 10. 2022.
- ^ Edmunds, G F; McCafferty, W P (1988). „The Mayfly Subimago”. Annual Review of Entomology (na jeziku: engleski). 33 (1): 509—527. ISSN 0066-4170. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.33.010188.002453.
- ^ McCafferty, W. Patrick (1983). „Mayflies”. Aquatic Entomology: The Fishermen's and Ecologists' Illustrated Guide to Insects and Their Relatives. Jones & Bartlett. str. 91—123. ISBN 978-0-86720-017-1.
- ^ Gordh, Gordon; Headrick, David H. A Dictionary of Entomology. Publisher: CABI 2010. ISBN 978-1845935429
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Spoljašnje veze[uredi | uredi izvor]
- „What animals undergo incomplete metamorphosis? – Easierwithpractice.com”. easierwithpractice.com. Pristupljeno 2022-04-01.
