Ahom kraljevstvo

Ahom kraljevstvo (/ˈɑːhɑːm, ˈɑːhәm//ˈɑːhɑːm, ˈɑːhəm/, 1228–1826, takođe nazvano Kraljevstvo Asam^[1]) je bilo carstvo u dolini Bramaputre u Asamu, Indija. Dobro je poznato po svojoj odbrani suverniteta od oko 600 godina i uspešnog odbijanja Mogalskih osvajanja u severo-istočnoj Indiji. Stvoreno od strane Sukapa, Tajlandskog princa iz Mong Maoa, ono je počelo kao manji mong u gornjem toku Bramaputre zasnovano na uzagajanju pirinča. On se proširio naglo za vreme Suhungmunga u 16. veku i dobio multi-etnički karakter, ostavljaljući vidan uticaj na čitav region. Kraljevstvo je oslabilo usponima Moamorskih pobuna i zatim palo pod Burmanskim invazijama Asama. Nakon poraza okupatora u prvom anglo-Burmanskom ratu i Jandabo ugovora 1826. godine, upravljanje kraljevine preuzela je Britanska istočnoindijska kompanija.

Iako je nazvano Ahomsko kraljevstvo u kolonijalnom i modernom vremenu, ono je zapravo bilo vrlo multietničko, gde Ahomi zapravo čini manje od 10% populacije pri kraju.^[2] U indijskom popisu 1901. oko 179,000 ljudi se izjasnilo kao Ahomljani. Najnoviji podaci popisa beleŽe oko 2 miliona, mada se pretpostavlja da ukupan broj ljudi Tajlandsko-Ahomskog porekla dostiŽe i 8 miliona.^[3] Ukupan broj stanovnika oblasti Asam je 2011. (na osnovu popisa) je iznosio 31 milion, tako da oni danas čine 25% populacije. Ahomljani su svoje kraljevstvo nazivali Mong Dun Sun Kam, što znači „sanduk zlata”, dok su ih druri nazivali Asam. Istim imenom se oblast nazivala i u kolonijalno Britansko vreme, a to ime zadrŽava i danas.

Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]

^ "The Kingdom of Assam, where it is entered from Bengal, commences on the north of the Berhampooter, at the Khonder Chokey, nearly opposite to the picturesque estate of the late Mr Raush at Goalpara; and at the Nagrabaree Hill on the South", Wade, Dr John Peter, (1805) "A Geographical Sketch of Assam" in Asiatic Annual Register, reprinted [[#CITEREF|]]
^ "The Ahoms were never numerically dominant in the state they built and, at the time of 1872 and 1881 Censuses, they formed hardly one-tenth of the populations relevant to the erstwhile Ahom territory (i.e, by and large, the Brahmaputra Valley without the Goalpara district.)" (Guha 1983:9)
^ Ahom. Ethnologue (1999-02-19). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.

Literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]

Gogoi, Jahnabi (2002), Agrarian system of medieval Assam, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi
Gogoi, Lila (1991), The History of the system of Ahom administration, Punthi Pustak, Calcutta
Gogoi, Nitul Kumar (2006), Continuity and Change among the Ahoms, Concept Publishing Company, Delhi
Gogoi, Padmeshwar (1968), The Tai and the Tai kingdoms, Gauhati University, Guwahati
Guha, Amalendu (1991), Medieval and Early Colonial Assam: Society, Polity and Economy, K.P. Bagchi & Co, Calcutta
Guha, Amalendu (1983). „The Ahom Political System: An Enquiry into the State Formation Process in Medieval Assam (1228-1714)”. Social Scientist. 11 (12): 3—34. JSTOR 3516963. doi:10.2307/3516963.
Kakoty, Sanjeeb (2003), Technology, Production and Social Formation in the Evolution of the Ahom State, Regency Publications, New Delhi
Sharma, Benudhar, ed. (1972), An Account of Assam, Gauhati: Assam Jyoti

[1] "The Kingdom of Assam, where it is entered from Bengal, commences on the north of the Berhampooter, at the Khonder Chokey, nearly opposite to the picturesque estate of the late Mr Raush at Goalpara; and at the Nagrabaree Hill on the South", Wade, Dr John Peter, (1805) "A Geographical Sketch of Assam" in Asiatic Annual Register, reprinted [[#CITEREF|]]

[2] "The Ahoms were never numerically dominant in the state they built and, at the time of 1872 and 1881 Censuses, they formed hardly one-tenth of the populations relevant to the erstwhile Ahom territory (i.e, by and large, the Brahmaputra Valley without the Goalpara district.)" (Guha 1983:9)

[ethno-3] Ahom. Ethnologue (1999-02-19). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.

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