Lajbnic-Njutn računska kontroverza

Računska kontroverza (na nemačkom se koristi termin Prioritätsstreit, što znači „spor prioriteta“) bila je rasprava između matematičara 17. veka Isak Njutna i Gotfrid Lajbnica (počelo zahvaljujući njihovim učenicima i saradnicima) o tome ko je prvi izmislio matematičku studiju promene, račun. To je pitanje koje je bilo uzrok velike intelektualne kontroverze, koji je počeo tinja tokom 1699. i izbio u punoj snazi 1711.

Njutn je tvrdio da je počeo rad na formi račun (koju je nazvao "metodom fluksona i fluentsa") 1666, u 23. godini, ali nije ga objavio, osim kao manju napomenu na pozadini jednom od njegovih objavljenih dela nekoliko decenija kasnije (relevantan Njutnov rukopis iz oktobra 1666. je sada objavljen među njegovim matematičkim radovima^[1]). Gotfrid Lajbnic je počeo da radi na svojoj verziji računa tokom 1674, a 1684. objavio je svoj prvi rad. Lopital objavio je tekst o Lajbnicovom računu 1696. (u kojoj je priznao da je Njutnova "Matematički principi prirodne filozofije" iz 1687. godine bio je "gotovo kompletno o ovom računu"^[2]). U međuvremenu, Njutn, iako je objasnio svoj (geometrijski) oblik računa u Delu 1 Knjiga 1 u "Matematički principi prirodne filozofije" iz 1687.^[3] Nije objasnio svoj eventualni fluksonalni zapis za račun u štampi do 1693. (delimično) i 1704. (u celosti).

Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]

^ D T Whiteside (ed.), The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton (Volume 1), (Cambridge University Press, 1967), part 7 "The October 1666 Tract on Fluxions", at pp. 400, in 2008 reprint.
^ Marquis de l'Hôpital's original words about the 'Principia': "lequel est presque tout de ce calcul": see the preface to his Analyse des Infiniment Petits (Paris, 1696). The Principia has been called "a book dense with the theory and application of the infinitesimal calculus" also in modern times: see Clifford Truesdell, Essays in the History of Mechanics (Berlin, 1968), at pp. 99; for a similar view of another modern scholar see also Whiteside, D. T. (1970). „The mathematical principles underlying Newton's Principia Mathematica”. Journal for the History of Astronomy. 1: 116—138,especially at pp. 120. Bibcode:1970JHA.....1..116W.
^ Section I of Book I of the Principia, explaining "the method of first and last ratios", a geometrical form of infinitesimal calculus, as recognized both in Newton's time and in modern times – see citations above by L'Hospital (1696), Truesdell (1968) and Whiteside (1970) – is available online in its English translation of 1729, at pp. 41.

[1] D T Whiteside (ed.), The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton (Volume 1), (Cambridge University Press, 1967), part 7 "The October 1666 Tract on Fluxions", at pp. 400, in 2008 reprint.

[1696posn-2] Marquis de l'Hôpital's original words about the 'Principia': "lequel est presque tout de ce calcul": see the preface to his Analyse des Infiniment Petits (Paris, 1696). The Principia has been called "a book dense with the theory and application of the infinitesimal calculus" also in modern times: see Clifford Truesdell, Essays in the History of Mechanics (Berlin, 1968), at pp. 99; for a similar view of another modern scholar see also Whiteside, D. T. (1970). „The mathematical principles underlying Newton's Principia Mathematica”. Journal for the History of Astronomy. 1: 116—138,especially at pp. 120. Bibcode:1970JHA.....1..116W.

[3] Section I of Book I of the Principia, explaining "the method of first and last ratios", a geometrical form of infinitesimal calculus, as recognized both in Newton's time and in modern times – see citations above by L'Hospital (1696), Truesdell (1968) and Whiteside (1970) – is available online in its English translation of 1729, at pp. 41.

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