Извор странице Oryza sativa

{{speciesbox-lat
|image=Mature Rice (India) by Augustus Binu.jpg
|image_caption= Zrele glavice semena
|image2=Oryza sativa at Kadavoor.jpg
|image2_caption= Inflorescencija
|genus=Oryza
|species=sativa
|authority=[[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms_ref=<ref name="316812-2" >{{cite web |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316812-2 |title=''Oryza sativa'' L. |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2017 |website= [[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=21 December 2020 }}</ref>
|synonyms={{collapsible list|
* ''Oryza aristata'' <small>Blanco</small>
* ''Oryza communissima'' <small>Lour.</small>
* ''Oryza denudata'' <small>(Desv.) Steud.</small>
* ''Oryza elongata'' <small>(Desv.) Steud.</small>
* ''Oryza formosana'' <small>Masam. & Suzuki</small>
* ''Oryza glutinosa'' <small>Lour.</small>
* ''Oryza marginata'' <small>(Desv.) Steud.</small>
* ''Oryza montana'' <small>Lour.</small>
* ''Oryza mutica'' <small>Steud.</small>
* ''Oryza palustris'' <small>Salisb.</small>
* ''Oryza parviflora'' <small>P.Beauv.</small>
* ''Oryza perennis'' <small>Moench</small>
* ''Oryza plena'' <small>(Prain) N.P.Chowdhury</small>
* ''Oryza praecox'' <small>Lour.</small>
* ''Oryza pubescens'' <small>(Desv.) Steud.</small>
* ''Oryza pumila'' <small>Steud.</small>
* ''Oryza repens'' <small>Buch.-Ham. ex Steud.</small>
* ''Oryza rubribarbis'' <small>(Desv.) Steud.</small>
* ''Oryza sativa'' subsp. ''indica'' <small>Shig.Kato</small>
* ''Oryza sativa'' subsp. ''japonica'' <small>Shig.Kato</small>
* ''Oryza segetalis'' <small>Russell ex Steud.</small>
}}}}

'''''Oryza sativa''''' je mnogo češća od dve vrste [[Pirinač|pirinča]], koja se uzgaja kao [[cereal|žitarica]], a druga vrsta je ''[[Oryza glaberrima|O. glaberrima]]'', afrički pirinač. Prvi put je [[History of rice cultivation|pripitomljen]] u slivu reke [[Yangtze River|Jangce]] u Kini pre 13.500 do 8.200 godina.<ref name="Normile">{{cite journal |last=Normile |first=Dennis |year=1997 |title=Yangtze seen as earliest rice site |journal=Science |volume=275 |issue=5298 |pages=309–310 |doi=10.1126/science.275.5298.309 |s2cid=140691699}}</ref><ref name="Vaughanetal2008">{{cite journal |last1=Vaughan |first1=D.A. |last2=Lu |first2=B. |last3=Tomooka |first3=N. |year=2008 |title=The evolving story of rice evolution |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222526251 |journal=Plant Science |volume=174 |issue=4 |pages=394–408 |doi=10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.01.016}}</ref><ref name="harris">{{cite book |last=Harris |first=David R. |title=The Origins and Spread of Agriculture and Pastoralism in Eurasia |publisher=Psychology Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-1-85728-538-3 |page=565}}</ref><ref name="Zhang2012">{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Jianping |last2=Lu |first2=Houyuan |last3=Gu |first3=Wanfa |last4=Wu |first4=Naiqin |last5=Zhou |first5=Kunshu |last6=Hu |first6=Yayi |last7=Xin |first7=Yingjun |last8=Wang |first8=Can |last9=Kashkush |first9=Khalil |date=December 17, 2012 |title=Early Mixed Farming of Millet and Rice 7800 Years Ago in the Middle Yellow River Region, China |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=7 |issue=12 |pages=e52146 |bibcode=2012PLoSO...752146Z |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0052146 |pmc=3524165 |pmid=23284907 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

''Oryza sativa'' pripada rodu ''[[Oryza]]'' i [[BOP clade|BOP kladi]] u porodici trava [[Poaceae]]. Sa [[genom]]om koji se sastoji od 430{{nbsp}}[[megabase|Mbp]] preko 12 [[chromosome|hromozoma]], poznat je po tome što ga je lako [[Genetically modified rice|genetski modifikovati]] i predstavlja [[model organism|modelski organizam]] za proučavanje biologije [[cereal|žitarica]] i [[Monocotyledon|monokota]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haberer |first=Georg |last2=Mayer |first2=Klaus F.X. |last3=Spannagl |first3=Manuel |date=2016-04-01 |title=The big five of the monocot genomes |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369526616300048 |journal=Current Opinion in Plant Biology |series=SI: 30: Genome studies and molecular genetics |volume=30 |pages=33–40 |doi=10.1016/j.pbi.2016.01.004 |issn=1369-5266}}</ref>

== Opis ==

''O. sativa'' ima uspravnu stabljiku koja naraste {{cvt|80|-|120|cm|round=5}} u visinu, sa glatkom površinom. List je kopljast, dugačak {{cvt|15|-|30|cm|frac=8}} i raste iz [[ligule|jezička]] dugačkog {{cvt|10|-|20|mm|frac=8}}.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Catindig |first1=J.L.A. |last2=Lubigan |first2=R.T. |last3=Johnson |first3=D. |date=n.d. |title=Oryza sativa |url=http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/training/fact-sheets/item/oryza-sativa |website=Rice Knowledge Bank |publisher=[[International Rice Research Institute]] |access-date=29 June 2023}}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed">
Image:Kerbau Jawa.jpg|[[Domestic buffalo|Vodeni bivo]] ore pirinčano polje, [[Java]]
File:Jumli Marshi Oryza sativa Rice.jpg|Džumli Marši, smeđi pirinač iz Nepala
File:Niyamgiri rice.jpg|Tradicionalni pirinač brda [[Niyamgiri Jungle|Nijamgiri]], Indija
File:Medicinal Rice.jpg|Iz [[Chhattisgarh|Čatisgara]]
File:Koeh-232.jpg|
File:RiceStemcs400x1.jpg|Presek [[Cross section (geometry)|stabljike]] uvećan 400 puta
</gallery>

== Reference ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== Spoljašnje veze ==

* {{L|{{Wikispecies-inline|Oryza sativa}}}}
* {{L|{{Commonscat-inline|Oryza sativa}}}}

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[[Категорија:Флора Кине]]
[[Категорија:Пиринач]]
[[Категорија:Таксони које је описао Карл фон Лине]]