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{{short description|амерички економиста (1915–2009)}}
{{bez_izvora}}
{{Инфокутија биографија
{{Биографија
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'''Пол Самјуелсон''' ({{јез-енгл|Paul Anthony Samuelson}}; [[Гери|Гари]], [[15. мај]] [[1915]] — [[Белмонт (Масачусетс)|Белмонт]], 13. децембар [[2009]]), амерички економиста, добитник [[Нобелова награда|Нобелове награде]] за економију.
'''Пол Самјуелсон''' ({{јез-енгл|Paul Anthony Samuelson}}; [[Гери|Гари]], [[15. мај]] [[1915]] — [[Белмонт (Масачусетс)|Белмонт]], 13. децембар [[2009]]), амерички економиста, добитник [[Нобелова награда|Нобелове награде]] за економију. When awarding the prize in 1970, the [[Swedish Royal Academies]] stated that he "has done more than any other contemporary economist to raise the level of scientific analysis in economic theory".<ref name="MIT">{{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/obit-samuelson-1213.html|title=Nobel-winning economist Paul A. Samuelson dies at age 94|work=MIT News|last=Frost|first=Greg|date=December 13, 2009}} "In a career that spanned seven decades, he transformed his field, influenced millions of students and turned MIT into an economics powerhouse"</ref> Economic historian Randall E. Parker has called him the "Father of Modern [[Economics]]",<ref name="Parker 2002" /> and ''[[The New York Times]]'' considers him to be the "foremost academic economist of the 20th century".<ref name="NYTs 2009 Dec 13" />

Samuelson was likely the most influential economist of the later half of the 20th century.<ref name="Econ2009">[http://www.economist.com/node/15127616 "Paul Samuelson: The last of the great general economists died on December 13th, aged 94"], ''[[The Economist]]'', December 17, 2009</ref> In 1996, when he was awarded the [[National Medal of Science]], considered to be America's top science-honor, President [[Bill Clinton]] commended Samuelson for his "fundamental contributions to economic science" for over 60 years.<ref name="MIT" /> Samuelson considered [[mathematics]] to be the "natural language" for economists and contributed significantly to the mathematical foundations of economics with his book ''[[Foundations of Economic Analysis]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Solow|first=Robert|date=2010|title=On Paul Samuelson|journal=Challenge|volume=53|issue=2|pages=113–116|doi=10.2753/0577-5132530207|s2cid=155020549}}</ref> He was author of the best-selling economics textbook of all time: ''[[Economics (textbook)|Economics: An Introductory Analysis]]'', first published in 1948.<ref name="Mark">{{cite journal |last=Skousken |first=Mark |title=The Perseverance of Paul Samuelson's Economics |journal=Journal of Economic Perspectives |volume=11 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1997 |pages=137–152 |doi=10.1257/jep.11.2.137 |url=http://www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/jep.11.2.137 }}</ref> It was the second American textbook that attempted to explain the principles of [[Keynesian economics]]. It is now in its 19th edition, having sold nearly 4&nbsp;million copies in 40 languages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://libraries.mit.edu/150books/2011/04/23/1967/|title=Year 107 – 1967: Economics: An Introductory Analysis by Paul A. Samuelson {{!}} 150 Years in the Stacks|website=libraries.mit.edu|access-date=April 26, 2016}}</ref> [[James Poterba]], former head of [[MIT]]'s Department of Economics, noted that by his book, Samuelson "leaves an immense legacy, as a researcher and a teacher, as one of the giants on whose shoulders every contemporary economist stands".<ref name="MIT" />

He served as an advisor to Presidents [[John F. Kennedy]] and [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], and was a consultant to the [[United States Treasury]], the Bureau of the Budget and the President's [[Council of Economic Advisers]]. Samuelson wrote a weekly column for ''[[Newsweek]]'' magazine along with [[Chicago school (economics)|Chicago School]] economist [[Milton Friedman]], where they represented opposing sides: Samuelson, as a self described "Cafeteria Keynesian",<ref name="Econ2009" /> claimed taking the Keynesian perspective but only accepting what he felt was good in it.<ref name="Econ2009" /> By contrast, Friedman represented the [[Monetarism|monetarist]] perspective.<ref name="Szenberg">{{cite book |last1=Szenberg |first1=Michael |author-link=Michael Szenberg|last2=Gottesman |first2=Aron A. |last3=Ramrattan |first3=lall |title=Paul Samuelson: On Being an Economist |location=New York |publisher=Jorge Pinto Books |year=2005 |page=18 |isbn=978-0-9742615-3-9 }}</ref> Together with [[Henry Wallich]], their 1967 columns earned the magazine a [[Gerald Loeb Special Award]] in 1968.<ref name="Devaney 1968 May 22" />


== Биографија ==
== Биографија ==
Ред 32: Ред 92:


Пол Самјуелсон умро је [[13. децембар]] [[2009]]. године у свом дому у [[Белмонт (Масачусетс)|Белмонту]] у [[Масачусетс]]у у 94. години.
Пол Самјуелсон умро је [[13. децембар]] [[2009]]. године у свом дому у [[Белмонт (Масачусетс)|Белмонту]] у [[Масачусетс]]у у 94. години.

== Списак публикација ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* Samuelson, Paul A. (1947), Enlarged ed. 1983. ''[[Foundations of Economic Analysis]]'', Harvard University Press.
* Samuelson, Paul A. (1948), ''[[Economics (textbook)|Economics: An Introductory Analysis]]'', {{ISBN|0-07-074741-5}}; with [[William Nordhaus|William D. Nordhaus]] (since 1985), 2009, 19th ed., McGraw–Hill. {{ISBN|978-0-07-126383-2}}
* Samuelson, Paul A. (1952), "Economic Theory and Mathematics – An Appraisal", ''American Economic Review'', 42(2), pp. [http://cowles.econ.yale.edu/P/cp/p00b/p0061.pdf 56–66].
* {{cite journal | last1 = Samuelson | first1 = Paul A | year = 1954 | title = The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure | url = https://semanticscholar.org/paper/9a8d0b15760d0ed38e5986d53b095ccd6e783131| journal = Review of Economics and Statistics | volume = 36 | issue = 4| pages = 387–89 | doi = 10.2307/1925895 | jstor = 1925895 | s2cid = 153571905 }}
* Samuelson, Paul A. (1958), ''Linear Programming and Economic Analysis'' with [[Robert Dorfman]] and [[Robert M. Solow]], McGraw–Hill. Chapter-preview [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=k5_vzaCNQP4C&oi=fnd&pg=PP11&dq=&ots=ticEpVKqDz&sig=FEIiGNmox4KDifmeKEfir7pZZNw#v=onepage&q&f=false links.]
* {{cite book | last = Samuelson | first = Paul A. | contribution = Efficient paths of capital accumulation in terms of the calculus of variations | editor-last1 = Arrow | editor-first1 = Kenneth J. | editor-last2 = Karlin | editor-first2 = Samuel | editor-last3 = Suppes | editor-first3 = Patrick | editor-link1 = Kenneth Arrow | editor-link2 = Samuel Karlin | editor-link3 = Patrick Suppes | title = Mathematical models in the social sciences, 1959: Proceedings of the first Stanford symposium | pages = 77–88 | publisher = Stanford University Press | location = Stanford, California | series = Stanford mathematical studies in the social sciences, IV | year = 1960 | isbn = 9780804700214 }}
* {{cite book | last = Samuelson | first = Paul A. | contribution = Quesnay's 'Tableau Economique' as a theorist would formulate it today | editor-last1 = Meek | editor-first1 = Ronald (author) | editor-last2 = Bradley | editor-first2 = Ian C.| editor-last3 = Howard | editor-first3 = Michael C.| editor-link1 = Ronald L. Meek | title = Classical and Marxian political economy: essays in honour of Ronald L. Meek | pages = 45–78 | publisher = Macmillan | location = London | year = 1982 | isbn = 9780333321997 }}
* ''The Collected Scientific Papers of Paul A. Samuelson'', MIT Press. Preview links for vol. 1–3 below. Contents links for vol. 4–7. {{OCLC|1079936608|show=all}}.
:Samuelson, Paul A. (1966), Vol. [https://books.google.com/books?id=oi-yoPkdKXkC&printsec=find&pg=PR9=gbs_book_other_versions_r&cad=9#v=onepage&q&f=false 1] → via [[Google Books]], 1937–mid-1964.
:Samuelson, Paul A. (1966), Vol. [https://books.google.com/books?id=XQQFn8Vk470C&printsec=find&pg=PR9=gbs_book_other_versions_r&cad=9#v=onepage&q&f=false 2] → via [[Google Books]], 1937–mid-1964.
:Samuelson, Paul A. (1972), Vol. [https://books.google.com/books?id=xisb9usg790C&printsec=find&pg=PR7&dq=false#v=onepage&q=false&f=false 3] → via [[Google Books]], mid-1964–1970.
:Samuelson, Paul A. (1977), Vol. [https://archive.org/details/trent_0116403027612/page/n5/mode/2up 4] → via [[Internet Archive]] 1971–76.
:Samuelson, Paul A. (1986), Vol. [https://books.google.com/books?id=UKeJEc46R9AC&printsec=find&pg=PR8#v=onepage&q&f=false 5] → via [[Google Books]], 1977–1985 [https://web.archive.org/web/20150630034401/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/collected-scientific-papers-paul-samuelson-3 Description] → via
:Samuelson, Paul A. (2011), Vol. 6, 1986–2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110502115456/http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=12518 Description] → via [[Wayback Machine]]
:Samuelson, Paul A. (2011), Vol. 7, 1986–2009.
* [http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/findingaids/samuelsonpaul/ Paul A. Samuelson Papers, 1933–2010], [[Duke University Libraries#David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library|Rubenstein Library]], [[Duke University]]. {{OCLC|664246147}}.
* Samuelson, Paul A. (1983). "My Life Philosophy," ''The American Economist'', 27(2), [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0569434516630199?casa_token=5kgmHyposCoAAAAA:QZ-MWeFSvHV3gq2EeTjjxkfR-LLbWm21xHD3lLdv1YNpaoxct8t6qgLgXc0iIPGmeB3y4ff24t2-wA pp. 5-12.]
* Samuelson, Paul A. (2007), ''Inside the Economist's Mind: Conversations with Eminent Economists'' with [[William A. Barnett]], Blackwell Publishing, {{ISBN|1-4051-5917-0}}
* Samuelson, Paul A. (2002), ''Paul Samuelson and the Foundations of Modern Economics'', Transaction Publishers, {{ISBN|978-0-76-580114-2}}
* Samuelson, Paul A. (2004), Macroeconomics
* Samuelson, Paul A. (2004), Microeconomics

{{refend}}

== Референце ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="Parker 2002">{{cite book |last=Parker |first=Randall E. |title=Reflections on the Great Depression |location=Cheltenham |publisher=Edward Elgar |year=2002 |page=25 |isbn=978-1-84376-335-2 }}</ref>

<ref name="NYTs 2009 Dec 13">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/14/business/economy/14samuelson.html |title=Paul A. Samuelson, Economist, Dies at 94 |last=Weinstein |first=Michael M. |date=December 13, 2009 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |issn=0362-4331|access-date=April 26, 2016 }}</ref>

<ref name="Devaney 1968 May 22">{{Cite news |url=https://newspapers.com/image/370559693/ |title='Playboy', 'Monitor' Honored |last=Devaney |first=James J. |date=May 22, 1968 |work=[[Hartford Courant]] |access-date=March 20, 2019 |issue=143 |edition=Final |volume=131 |page=36 |url-access=subscription |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

}}


== Литература ==
== Литература ==
{{reflist|}}
*{{cite book |last1=Backhouse |first1=Roger E. |author-link1=Roger E. Backhouse |title=Founder of Modern Economics: Paul A. Samuelson: Volume 1: Becoming Samuelson, 1915–1948 |date=2017 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-066411-4 |language=en}}
* {{cite book |last1=Backhouse |first1=Roger E. |author-link1=Roger E. Backhouse |title=Founder of Modern Economics: Paul A. Samuelson: Volume 1: Becoming Samuelson, 1915–1948. |date=2017 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-066411-4 |language=en}} [https://www.google.com/books/edition/Founder_of_Modern_Economics_Paul_A_Samue/65-PDgAAQBAJ?hl=en Description] & [https://www.google.com/books/edition/Founder_of_Modern_Economics_Paul_A_Samue/65-PDgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1 arrow-scrollable preview].
* {{cite journal |author-link=Avinash Dixit |first=Avinash |last=Dixit |year=2012 |title=Paul Samuelson's Legacy |journal=[[Annual Review of Economics]] |volume=4 |pages=1–31 |publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] |doi=10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110957 |s2cid=154427457 |doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal |author-link=Avinash Dixit |first=Avinash |last=Dixit |year=2012 |title=Paul Samuelson's Legacy |journal=[[Annual Review of Economics]] |volume=4 |pages=1–31 |publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] |doi=10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110957 |s2cid=154427457 |doi-access=free }}
* {{cite book |first=Stanley |last=Fischer |year=1987 |title=Samuelson, Paul Anthony |work=The [[New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] |volume=4 |publisher=Macmillan |location=London |pages=234–41 |isbn=978-0-935859-10-2 }}.
* {{cite book |first=Stanley |last=Fischer |year=1987 |title=Samuelson, Paul Anthony |work=The [[New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]] |volume=4 |publisher=Macmillan |location=London |pages=234–41 |isbn=978-0-935859-10-2 }}.
* {{cite book |first=Leonard |last=Silk |title=The Economists |location=New York |publisher=Basic Books |year=1976 |isbn=978-0-465-01810-9 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/economists0000unse }}.
* {{cite book |first=Leonard |last=Silk |title=The Economists |location=New York |publisher=Basic Books |year=1976 |isbn=978-0-465-01810-9 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/economists0000unse }}.
* {{cite book |author-link=Robert Sobel |last=Sobel |first=Robert |title=The Worldly Economists |url=https://archive.org/details/worldlyeconomist0000sobe |location=New York |publisher=Free Press |year=1980 |isbn=978-0-02-929780-3 }}.
* {{cite book |author-link=Robert Sobel |last=Sobel |first=Robert |title=The Worldly Economists |url=https://archive.org/details/worldlyeconomist0000sobe |location=New York |publisher=Free Press |year=1980 |isbn=978-0-02-929780-3 }}.
* {{Google books |id=gyReAgAAQBAJ |title=Business Cycles and Depressions: An Encyclopedia |page= }}
* {{cite journal |last1=De Vroey |first1=Michel |last2=Malgrange |first2=Pierre |title=From ''The Keynesian Revolution'' to the Klein–Goldberger model: Klein and the Dynamization of Keynesian Theory |journal=History of Economic Ideas |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=113–36 |year=2012 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46473601 }}
{{refend}}


== Спољашње везе ==
== Спољашње везе ==
{{портал|Биографија}}
{{Commonscat|Paul Samuelson}}
{{Commonscat|Paul Samuelson}}
* {{MathGenealogy |id=137085 }}
* {{MathGenealogy |id=137085 }}
* {{Nobelprize|name=Paul A. Samuelson}}
* {{Nobelprize|name=Paul A. Samuelson}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091027101106/http://geocities.com/gfh_axds_as/zax/samuelson-bio-press.html Presentation Speech] by Professor [[Assar Lindbeck]], Stockholm School of Economics, Award Ceremony, The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, 1970
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040806110730/http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/samuelson.htm ''A History of Economic Thought'' biography], 2004
* {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Paul Anthony Samuelson (1915–2009) |url=http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Samuelson.html |encyclopedia=[[The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics]] |edition=2nd |series=[[Library of Economics and Liberty]] |publisher=[[Liberty Fund]] |year=2009 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071014093711/http://yale.edu/opa/campus/2005_commencement/honorand_bios.html#samuelson Paul Samuelson], Yale Honorands biography, May 2005
* [http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/obit-samuelson-1213.html "Nobel-winning economist Paul A. Samuelson dies at age 94"], ''MIT News'', December 13, 2009
* {{C-SPAN|Paul Samuelson}}
* {{Google Scholar id|ZglAOxkAAAAJ}}


{{Нобелова награда за економију}}
{{Нобелова награда за економију}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Самјуелсон, Пол}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Самјуелсон, Пол}}

Верзија на датум 13. фебруар 2022. у 06:17

Пол Самјуелсон

Пол Самјуелсон
Датум рођења15 мај, 1915.(1915-05-15)
Место рођењаГариСАД
КрштенСАД
Датум смрти13. децембар 2009.(2009-12-13) (94 год.)
Место смртиБелмонт

Пол Самјуелсон (енгл. Paul Anthony Samuelson; Гари, 15. мај 1915Белмонт, 13. децембар 2009), амерички економиста, добитник Нобелове награде за економију. When awarding the prize in 1970, the Swedish Royal Academies stated that he "has done more than any other contemporary economist to raise the level of scientific analysis in economic theory".[1] Economic historian Randall E. Parker has called him the "Father of Modern Economics",[2] and The New York Times considers him to be the "foremost academic economist of the 20th century".[3]

Samuelson was likely the most influential economist of the later half of the 20th century.[4] In 1996, when he was awarded the National Medal of Science, considered to be America's top science-honor, President Bill Clinton commended Samuelson for his "fundamental contributions to economic science" for over 60 years.[1] Samuelson considered mathematics to be the "natural language" for economists and contributed significantly to the mathematical foundations of economics with his book Foundations of Economic Analysis.[5] He was author of the best-selling economics textbook of all time: Economics: An Introductory Analysis, first published in 1948.[6] It was the second American textbook that attempted to explain the principles of Keynesian economics. It is now in its 19th edition, having sold nearly 4 million copies in 40 languages.[7] James Poterba, former head of MIT's Department of Economics, noted that by his book, Samuelson "leaves an immense legacy, as a researcher and a teacher, as one of the giants on whose shoulders every contemporary economist stands".[1]

He served as an advisor to Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson, and was a consultant to the United States Treasury, the Bureau of the Budget and the President's Council of Economic Advisers. Samuelson wrote a weekly column for Newsweek magazine along with Chicago School economist Milton Friedman, where they represented opposing sides: Samuelson, as a self described "Cafeteria Keynesian",[4] claimed taking the Keynesian perspective but only accepting what he felt was good in it.[4] By contrast, Friedman represented the monetarist perspective.[8] Together with Henry Wallich, their 1967 columns earned the magazine a Gerald Loeb Special Award in 1968.[9]

Биографија

Пол Самјуелсон рођен је 15. маја 1915. године. Дипломирао је на Чикашком универзитету, докторирао на Харварду 1941. године. Углавном је радио на МИТ-у, а био је и гостујући професор на Њујоршком универзитету.

Дао је фундаменталне доприносе у бројним областима теоријске економије, као што су потрошачка теорија, економика благостања, спољна трговина, финансијска теорија, општа и динамичка равнотежа, теорија капитала, макроекономија. Сматран је највећим економски теоретичарем друге половине XX века.

Прво важно дело је Основи економске анализе (Foundations of Economic Analysis, 1947), у коме је реформулисао класичну економску теорију на модеран, математички начин. Његов уџбеник Економија: уводна анализа (Economics: An introductory analysis, 1948), са више издања, представња најпопуларнији уџбеник свих времена.

Нобелову награду за економију добио је 1970. године, чиме је постао први Американац који је из области економије добио ту престижну награду. Из образложења: 'Опште говорећи, Самјуелсонов допринос био је да је, више него иједан савремени економиста, допринео подизању аналитичког и методолошког нивоа економске науке. Он је једноставно поново написао знатне делове економске теорије. Он је такође показао фундаментално јединство како проблема, тако и аналитичких техника у економији, делимично кроз систематску примену метода максимизације за широки скуп проблема'.

Био је економски саветник Џона Ф. Кенедија. Био је отац шесторо деце који су му подарили петнаесторо унучади.

Пол Самјуелсон умро је 13. децембар 2009. године у свом дому у Белмонту у Масачусетсу у 94. години.

Списак публикација

Samuelson, Paul A. (1966), Vol. 1 → via Google Books, 1937–mid-1964.
Samuelson, Paul A. (1966), Vol. 2 → via Google Books, 1937–mid-1964.
Samuelson, Paul A. (1972), Vol. 3 → via Google Books, mid-1964–1970.
Samuelson, Paul A. (1977), Vol. 4 → via Internet Archive 1971–76.
Samuelson, Paul A. (1986), Vol. 5 → via Google Books, 1977–1985 Description → via
Samuelson, Paul A. (2011), Vol. 6, 1986–2009. Description → via Wayback Machine
Samuelson, Paul A. (2011), Vol. 7, 1986–2009.

Референце

  1. ^ а б в Frost, Greg (13. 12. 2009). „Nobel-winning economist Paul A. Samuelson dies at age 94”. MIT News.  "In a career that spanned seven decades, he transformed his field, influenced millions of students and turned MIT into an economics powerhouse"
  2. ^ Parker, Randall E. (2002). Reflections on the Great Depression. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. стр. 25. ISBN 978-1-84376-335-2. 
  3. ^ Weinstein, Michael M. (13. 12. 2009). „Paul A. Samuelson, Economist, Dies at 94”. The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Приступљено 26. 4. 2016. 
  4. ^ а б в "Paul Samuelson: The last of the great general economists died on December 13th, aged 94", The Economist, December 17, 2009
  5. ^ Solow, Robert (2010). „On Paul Samuelson”. Challenge. 53 (2): 113—116. S2CID 155020549. doi:10.2753/0577-5132530207. 
  6. ^ Skousken, Mark (пролеће 1997). „The Perseverance of Paul Samuelson's Economics”. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 11 (2): 137—152. doi:10.1257/jep.11.2.137. 
  7. ^ „Year 107 – 1967: Economics: An Introductory Analysis by Paul A. Samuelson | 150 Years in the Stacks”. libraries.mit.edu. Приступљено 26. 4. 2016. 
  8. ^ Szenberg, Michael; Gottesman, Aron A.; Ramrattan, lall (2005). Paul Samuelson: On Being an Economist. New York: Jorge Pinto Books. стр. 18. ISBN 978-0-9742615-3-9. 
  9. ^ Devaney, James J. (22. 5. 1968). „'Playboy', 'Monitor' Honored”Неопходна новчана претплата. Hartford Courant. 131 (143) (Final изд.). стр. 36. Приступљено 20. 3. 2019 — преко Newspapers.com. 

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