Atabaskanski jezici

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Atabaskanski jezici
Dene
Geografska rasprostranjenostZapadni deo Amerike i Kanade
Jezička klasifikacijaNa-dene jezici
Podpodela
ISO 639-2 / 5ath
Glotologatha1247[1]
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Geografska rasprostranjenost na-dene jezika (atabaskanski jezici + ejački jezik + tlingitski jezik) pre kontakta sa Evropljanima

Atabaskanski jezici su porodica jezika kojima se govori u zapadnim državama SAD i to na Aljasci, državama severnog dela američke zapadne (pacifičke) obale: Oregon, Vašington i Kalifornija, državama američkog jugozapada: Nju Meksiko, Arizona, Teksas, Juta, Kolorado i Oklahoma i zapadnim provincijama i teritorijama Kanade: Britanska Kolumbija, Alberta, Saskačevan, Manitoba, Jukon i Severozapadne Teritorije. Atabaskanskim jezicima govore narodi koji pripadaju atabaskanskoj porodici naroda. Atabaskanski jezici sa ejačkim jezikom čine atabaskansko-ejačku porodicu, koja je sa tlingitskim jezikom deo na-dene porodice jezika.

Poreklo imena[uredi | uredi izvor]

Reč atabaskanski potiče od imena jezera Atabaska u Kanadi, a ime jezera Atabaska je anglizovana verzija imena jezera iz jezika naroda Kri „Abapaska”, koja znači „tamo gde su trske jedna do druge”.[2] Ime atabaskanskoj porodici jezika dao je Albert Galatin 1836. u svojoj klasifikaciji jezika Severne Amerike.

Jezici[uredi | uredi izvor]

Atabaskanski jezici

Lingvisti dele atabaskanske jezike na tri grupe[3] na osnovu njihovog geografskog rasporeda i to na:

Pored tradicionalne podele na tri grupe na osnovu geografskog položaja jezika, postoji i podela na veći broj podgrupa koja je zasnovana na komparativnoj analizi.

Lingvistkinja Karen Rajs je klasifikovala atabaskanske jezike na veći broj podgrupa, koristeći i prethodne klasifikacije koje su objavili Iv Godard i Marian Mitun. Ova klasifikacija poznata je po imenu Rajs-Godard-Mitun klasifikacija. Prema njoj postoje sledeće podgrupe: južnoaljaska podgrupa, centralnoaljasko-jukonska podgrupa, severozapadnokanadska podgrupa, zecot podgrupa, centralnobritanskokolumbijska podgrupa, sarsi podgrupa, kvaliokva-klackani podgrupa, pacifičkoatabaskanska podgrupa, apačka (južnoatabaskanska) podgrupa.

Severnoatabaskanski jezici[uredi | uredi izvor]

Severnoatabaskanska grupa je najveća grupa u okviru atabaskanske porodice jezika. Jezici iz ove grupe su podeljeni u 7 podgrupa.

Pacifičkoatabaskanski jezici[uredi | uredi izvor]

Jezici iz ove grupe su podeljeni u 2 podgrupe.

Južnoatabaskanski jezici[uredi | uredi izvor]

Jezici iz ove grupe su podeljeni u 3 podgrupe.

Izvori[uredi | uredi izvor]

  1. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, ur. (2016). „Athapaskan”. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 
  2. ^ Bright 2004, str. 52
  3. ^ Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2016. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Nineteenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.

Literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]

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