Мамбо — разлика између измена

С Википедије, слободне енциклопедије
Садржај обрисан Садржај додат
.
Ред 1: Ред 1:
{{Short description|Кубански музички жанр}}{{рут}}
[[Датотека:Mambo-ples.jpg|мини|десно|Мамбо плес]]
[[Датотека:CCMDonation28.JPG|thumb|250п|Mambo dancers at the [[Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico City|ITESM Campus Ciudad de Mexico]]]]
Реч '''мамбо''' потиче из дијалекта ñañigo којим се говори на [[Куба|Куби]]. Та реч вероватно нема неког правог значења, већ се појављује у фрази ({{јез-шпа|„abrecuto y guiri mambo“}}) што значи „отвори очи и слушај“. У језику [[банту]], који потиче из [[западна Африка|западне Африке]], мамбо значи „разговор са боговима“, а на [[Хаити]]ју реч мамбо означава [[вуду]] [[свештеник]]а, који је обављао функцију саветника, исцелитеља, егзорциста, пророка, духовног саветника и организатора друштвених догађања.
[[Датотека:Mambo-ples.jpg|мини|десно|250п|Мамбо плес]]

'''Mambo''' is a [[Latin dance]]<ref>Lavelle, Doris 1983. ''Latin & American dances''. 3rd ed, Black, London, p108.</ref><ref>The reason jive is included with the Latin dances is that its dance style is similar: "... a non-progressive dance which can be danced in a small space when the floor is crowded". and "The hold is similar to Latin dances" [meaning, it is quite different from the modern or ballroom dances]. Silvester, Victor 1977. ''Dancing: ballroom, Latin-American and social'', 105/6. {{ISBN|0-340-22517-3}}. Teach Yourself Books</ref> of [[Cuba]] which was developed in the 1940s when the [[Mambo (music)|music genre of the same name]] became popular throughout Latin America.<ref> {{cite web |last1=Díaz Ayala|first1=Cristóbal|title=Benny Moré|url=http://latinpop.fiu.edu/SECCION04Mpt2.pdf|website=Encyclopedic Discography of Cuban Music 1925-1960|publisher=Florida International University Libraries|access-date=27 September 2016|date=Fall 2013}}</ref> The original ballroom dance which emerged in Cuba and Mexico was related to the [[danzón]],<ref name=Grove>{{cite web| last1=Gradante | first1=William | last2=Fairley | first2=Jan | title=Danzón | url=http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/07204 | work= [[Grove Music Online]] | publisher=Oxford Music Online| access-date=22 October 2015}}</ref> albeit faster and less rigid. In the United States, it replaced [[rhumba]] as the most fashionable Latin dance.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Drake-Boyt|first1=Elizabeth|title=Latin Dance|date=2011|publisher=Greenwood|location=Santa Barbara, CA|pages=43–46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UqFT_ziylIsC|chapter=Rhumba|isbn=9780313376092}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Daniel|first1=Yvonne|editor1-last=Malnig|editor1-first=Julie|title=Ballroom, Boogie, Shimmy Sham, Shake: A Social and Popular Dance Reader|date=2009|publisher=University of Illinois|location=Chicago, IL|page=162|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zCSDBjRqC5EC|chapter=Rumba Then and Now|isbn=9780252075650}}</ref><ref name="Hess">{{cite book|last1=Hess|first1=Carol A.|title=Representing the Good Neighbor: Music, Difference, and the Pan American Dream|date=2013|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York, NY|pages=115–116, 200|isbn=9780199339891|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RQqxAAAAQBAJ}}</ref> Later on, with the advent of [[salsa music|salsa]] and its more [[salsa dance|sophisticated dance]], a new type of mambo dance including breaking steps was popularized in New York. This form received the name of "salsa on 2", "mambo on 2" or "modern mambo".

Реч ''мамбо'' потиче из дијалекта ñañigo којим се говори на [[Куба|Куби]].<ref name=boogalu>{{cite web|url=http://www.boogalu.com/features/history-cuban-music |title=History of Cuban Music |access-date=19 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201194105/http://www.boogalu.com/features/history-cuban-music |archive-date=1 February 2014 }}</ref> Та реч вероватно нема неког правог значења, већ се појављује у фрази ({{јез-шпа|„abrecuto y guiri mambo“}}) што значи „отвори очи и слушај“. У језику [[Банту језици|банту]], који потиче из [[западна Африка|западне Африке]], мамбо значи „разговор са боговима“, а на [[Хаити]]ју реч мамбо означава [[вуду]] [[свештеник]]а, који је обављао функцију саветника, исцелитеља, егзорциста, пророка, духовног саветника и организатора друштвених догађања.


Фузија свинга и кубанске музике, односно кубанске музике и америчког [[џез]]а, створила је тај фасцинантни ритам мамба, а касније се развио и сензуални плес. Мамбо је представио [[Перез Прадо]] [[1943]]. године у ноћном клубу „Ла Тропикана“ у [[Хавана|Хавани]], међутим почеци мамба често се приписују [[Куба]]нцима Арсениу Родригезу и Орестесу Лопезу. Од тада друге вође оркестара попут Тита Родригеза, Пупиа Кампоа, Тита Пуентеа, Мачита и Xавиера Цугата развили су своје стилове и ширили су тзв. '''мамбо лудило'''.
Фузија свинга и кубанске музике, односно кубанске музике и америчког [[џез]]а, створила је тај фасцинантни ритам мамба, а касније се развио и сензуални плес. Мамбо је представио [[Перез Прадо]] [[1943]]. године у ноћном клубу „Ла Тропикана“ у [[Хавана|Хавани]], међутим почеци мамба често се приписују [[Куба]]нцима Арсениу Родригезу и Орестесу Лопезу. Од тада друге вође оркестара попут Тита Родригеза, Пупиа Кампоа, Тита Пуентеа, Мачита и Xавиера Цугата развили су своје стилове и ширили су тзв. '''мамбо лудило'''.

==History==
===The origins===
In the mid-1940s, bandleaders devised a dance for a new form of music known as [[mambo (music)]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/78_mambo-no.-5_perez-prado-and-his-orchestra-d.-perez-prado_gbia0009774b |title=Mambo No. 5 - Perez Prado and his Orchestra |access-date=9 March 2022}}</ref><ref>Rodríguez Ruidíaz, Armando: Los sonidos de la música cubana. Evolución de los formatos instrumentales en Cuba. https://www.academia.edu/18302881/Los_sonidos_de_la_m%C3%BAsica_cubana._Evoluci%C3%B3n_de_los_formatos_instrumentales_en_Cuba. P. 49 – 50.</ref><ref name="Leon2004">León, Javier F. "Mambo." ''Encyclopedia of Latino Popular Culture''. Ed. Cordelia Chávez Candelaria, Arturo J. Aldama, Peter J. García, Alma Alvarez-Smith. 2 vols. Connecticut: Praeger, 2004: 510</ref> taking its name from the 1938 song Mambo, a charanga composed by Orestes Lopez which had popularized a new form of danzon which later was known as danzon mambo. This style was a syncopated, less rigid form of the danzón which allowed the dancers to more freely express themselves during the last section, known as the mambo section.<ref name="cienfuegoscity.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cienfuegoscity.org/cienfuegos-city-per-benny-more.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426125640/http://www.cienfuegoscity.org/cienfuegos-city-per-benny-more.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=April 26, 2012|title = usurped title}}</ref>

===Mambo dancing in Mexico and Rumberas films===
From Havana Pérez Prado moved his music to Mexico, where his music and the dance were adopted. The original mambo dance was characterized by freedom and complicated foot-steps. This style was prominent in the [[Rumberas film]]s. Popular dancers of the era include [[Ninon Sevilla]], [[Maria Antonieta Pons]], [[Tongolele]], [[Meche Barba]], and [[Resortes]].

===Americanisation===
The mambo dance that was spearheaded by Pérez Prado and was popular in the 1940s and 1950s in Cuba, Mexico, and New York is completely different from the modern dance that New Yorkers now call "mambo" and which is also known as [[Salsa (dance)|salsa]] "on 2". The original mambo dance contains no breaking steps or basic steps at all. The Cuban dance was not accepted by many professional dance teachers. Cuban dancers would describe mambo as "feeling the music", in which sound and movement were merged through the body.<ref name="DGarcia">{{cite journal|last=Garcia|first=D. F.|title=Going Primitive to the Movements and Sounds of Mambo|journal=The Musical Quarterly|date=1 December 2006 |volume=89|issue=4|pages=505–523|doi=10.1093/musqtl/gdm006}}</ref> Professional dance teachers in the US saw this approach to dancing as "extreme", "undisciplined", and thus deemed it necessary to standardize the dance to present it as a salable commodity for the social and ballroom market.<ref name="DGarcia"/>

In the 1940s, Puerto Rican dancer [[Pedro Aguilar]], known as "Cuban Pete", and his wife became popular as the top mambo dancers of the time, dancing regularly at The Palladium in NY. "Cuban Pete" was named "the greatest Mambo dancer ever" by ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' magazine and the legendary [[Tito Puente]]. Pedro Aguilar was nicknamed "Cuban Pete" and {{lang|es|el cuchillo}} ("The knife") for his mambo dance style.<ref name="Guardian">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2009/may/24/pedro-cuban-pete-aguilar-obituary|title=Pedro 'Cuban Pete' Aguilar|date=25 May 2009|website=The Guardian|author=Terry Monaghan|access-date=13 February 2019}}</ref>

The modern mambo dance from New York was popularized in the late 1960s into the 1970s by George Vascones, president of a dance group known as the Latin Symbolics, from [[the Bronx]], New York. George Vascones continued the mambo dance tradition which started two decades earlier during the "Palladium era". It was followed in the 1980s by [[Eddie Torres]], Angel Rodriguez of RazzM'Tazz Mambo Dance Company, and others, many of whom were 2nd generation New York Puerto Ricans. This style is sometimes danced to mambo music, but more often to salsa dura (old-school salsa). It is termed "mambo on 2" because the break, or direction change, in the basic step occurs on count 2. The Eddie Torres and Razz M'Tazz schools each have different basic steps, even though they share this same basic feature. Eddie Torres describes his version as a "street" style he developed out of what he saw on the Bronx streets. The RazzM'Tazz version is closer to the Palladium Mambo (from the Palladium ballroom in the 1950s), whose basic step was in turn derived from Cuban son, with which it shares its timing (234 - 678, with pauses on 1 and 5) both styles derived from the American Mambo with the freestyle steps based on jazz and tap steps.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=Sydney |last=Hutchinson |date=Fall 2004 |title=Mambo on 2: The birth of a new form of dance in New York City |url=http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=37716209 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120911224717/http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc/pdf/377/37716209.pdf |archive-date=September 11, 2012 |url-status=live |journal=Centro Journal |volume=XVI |issue=2 |pages=108–137 |issn=1538-6279}}</ref>


== O мамбу ==
== O мамбу ==
Ред 22: Ред 41:
== Види још ==
== Види још ==
* [[Салса (плес)|Салса]]
* [[Салса (плес)|Салса]]

== Референце ==
{{Reflist}}

== Литература ==
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* Sévigny, Jean-Pierre. ''Sierra Norteña: the Influence of Latin Music on the French-Canadian Popular Song and Dance Scene, Specially as Reflected in the Career of Alys Robi and the Pedagogy of Maurice Lacasse-Morenoff''. Montréal: Productions Juke-Box, 1994. 13 p. ''N.B''. The published text of a paper prepared for, and presented on, on 12 March 1994, the conference, ''Popular Music Music & Identity'' (Montréal, Qué., 12–13 March 1994), under the auspices of the Canadian Branch of the International Association for the Study of Popular Music.
* [[Gustavo Pérez Firmat|Pérez Firmat, Gustavo]]. "Mad for Mambo," in ''The Havana Habit''. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2010.
* {{cite journal |last=Garcia |first=David F. |title=Going Primitive to the Movements and Sounds of Mambo |journal=[[The Musical Quarterly]] |year=2006 |volume=89 |issue=4 |pages=505–523 |doi=10.1093/musqtl/gdm006}}
* {{cite book |first=Ben |last=Box |year=1992|title=South American Handbook |publisher=Trade & Travel |location=New York City}}
* {{cite book |first=Ben |last=Box |author2=Cameron, Sarah |year=1992|title=Caribbean Islands Handbook |publisher=Trade & Travel |location=New York City}}
* {{Cite web|url=http://dance.lovetoknow.com/History_of_Latin_Dance|title=History of Latin Dance|website=LoveToKnow|access-date=2016-04-25}}
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.africaguide.com/culture/|title=African People and Culture|last=Guide|first=Africa|website=www.africaguide.com|access-date=2016-04-25}}
* {{Cite book |last=Drake-Boyt |first=Elizabeth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ozM7RVR38gAC&dq=development+of+latin+dance&pg=PP2 |title=Latin Dance |date=2011 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-37608-5 |language=en}}
* {{Cite web |title=Latin Dances List: 15 Popular Styles, Names & History {{!}} DanceUs.org |url=https://www.danceus.org/latin-dance/ |access-date=2022-12-31 |website=www.danceus.org |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Madrid |first1=Alejandro L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TM48BAAAQBAJ&q=music+influence+in+latin+dance&pg=PP1 |title=Danzón: Circum-Caribbean Dialogues in Music and Dance |last2=Moore |first2=Robin D. |date=2013-11-06 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-996581-6 |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Nettl |first1=Bruno |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=74IIU85CKmAC&dq=west+african+influence+on+latin+dance&pg=PA127 |title=In the Course of Performance: Studies in the World of Musical Improvisation |last2=Russell |first2=Melinda |date=1998-12-15 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-57410-3 |language=en}}
* {{Citation |last=Heredia |first=Juanita |title=Marta Moreno Vega's When the Spirits Dance Mambo: Growing Up Nuyorican in El Barrio (2004): The Diasporic Formation of an Afro-Latina Identity |date=2009 |url=https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230623255_4 |work=Transnational Latina Narratives in the Twenty-first Century: The Politics of Gender, Race, and Migrations |pages=61–84 |editor-last=Heredia |editor-first=Juanita |place=New York |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan US |language=en |doi=10.1057/9780230623255_4 |isbn=978-0-230-62325-5 |access-date=2022-12-31}}
* {{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2012/03/05/147818919/zumbas-a-hit-but-is-it-latin|title=Zumba Is A Hit But Is It Latin?|website=NPR.org|access-date=2016-04-25}}
* [[Rebeca Mauleón]] ''The Salsa guidebook for piano and ensemble'' (1993). Petaluma CA: Sher Music. {{ISBN|0-9614701-9-4}}
* Peter Manuel, editor. "Creolizing Contradance in the Caribbean" (2009). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
* Chasteen, John Charles 2004. ''National rhythms, African roots: the deep history of Latin American popular dance''. Albuquerque, N.M. Chapter 5.
* {{cite book|last1=Sullivan|first1=Steve|title=Encyclopedia of Great Popular Song Recordings, Volume 2|date=2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=Plymouth, UK|pages=175–176|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QWBPAQAAQBAJ|chapter=The Peanut Vendor|isbn=9780810882966}}
* Giro, Radamés (2007). ''Diccionario enciclopédico de la música en Cuba, Vol. 4''. Havana, Cuba: Letras Cubanas. p. 147.
* {{cite web|title=The Peanut Vendor (Victor matrix BVE-62152)|url=http://adp.library.ucsb.edu/index.php/matrix/detail/800031721/BVE-62152-The_peanut_vendor|website=Discography of American Historical Recordings|access-date=October 4, 2015}}
* {{cite book|last1=Moore|first1=Robin|title=Nationalizing Blackness: Afrocubansimo and artistic Revolution in Havana, 1920-1940|date=1997|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press|location=Pittsburgh, PA|page=255|isbn=9780822971856|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ytvh3Nkce7QC}}
* {{cite web|last1=Díaz Ayala|first1=Cristóbal|title=Lecuona Cuban Boys|url=http://latinpop.fiu.edu/SECCION03Lpt1.pdf|website=Encyclopedic Discography of Cuban Music 1925-1960|publisher=Florida International University Libraries|access-date=October 4, 2015|date=Fall 2013}}<
{{Refend}}


== Спољашње везе ==
== Спољашње везе ==
{{Commons category|Mambo (dance)}}
* [http://plesnaskola.rs Плесна школа ARMY DANCE - -{plesnaskola.rs}-] [http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%99%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5 Дозвола за објављивање] - [http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%99%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5/Plesna_%C5%A1kola_ARMY_DANCE Овлашћење]
* [http://plesnaskola.rs Плесна школа ARMY DANCE - -{plesnaskola.rs}-] [[Википедија:Дозволе за објављивање|Дозвола за објављивање]] - [[Википедија:Дозволе за објављивање/Plesna škola ARMY DANCE| Овлашћење]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1uOh_tKFuA "Luis Oliveira And His Bandodalua Boys - Chihuahua"], YouTube, track 04 from ''Ultra-Lounge, Vol. 2: Mambo Fever''. Uploaded 2009-08-31.
* [http://www.laventure.net/tourist/mambo.htm Perez Prado and Mambo Mania]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070106232719/http://www.documen.tv/asset/Mambo_film.html Documentary 52': Mambo]


{{нормативна контрола}}
{{нормативна контрола}}

Верзија на датум 15. мај 2023. у 04:14

Mambo dancers at the ITESM Campus Ciudad de Mexico
Мамбо плес

Mambo is a Latin dance[1][2] of Cuba which was developed in the 1940s when the music genre of the same name became popular throughout Latin America.[3] The original ballroom dance which emerged in Cuba and Mexico was related to the danzón,[4] albeit faster and less rigid. In the United States, it replaced rhumba as the most fashionable Latin dance.[5][6][7] Later on, with the advent of salsa and its more sophisticated dance, a new type of mambo dance including breaking steps was popularized in New York. This form received the name of "salsa on 2", "mambo on 2" or "modern mambo".

Реч мамбо потиче из дијалекта ñañigo којим се говори на Куби.[8] Та реч вероватно нема неког правог значења, већ се појављује у фрази (шп. „abrecuto y guiri mambo“) што значи „отвори очи и слушај“. У језику банту, који потиче из западне Африке, мамбо значи „разговор са боговима“, а на Хаитију реч мамбо означава вуду свештеника, који је обављао функцију саветника, исцелитеља, егзорциста, пророка, духовног саветника и организатора друштвених догађања.

Фузија свинга и кубанске музике, односно кубанске музике и америчког џеза, створила је тај фасцинантни ритам мамба, а касније се развио и сензуални плес. Мамбо је представио Перез Прадо 1943. године у ноћном клубу „Ла Тропикана“ у Хавани, међутим почеци мамба често се приписују Кубанцима Арсениу Родригезу и Орестесу Лопезу. Од тада друге вође оркестара попут Тита Родригеза, Пупиа Кампоа, Тита Пуентеа, Мачита и Xавиера Цугата развили су своје стилове и ширили су тзв. мамбо лудило.

History

The origins

In the mid-1940s, bandleaders devised a dance for a new form of music known as mambo (music),[9][10][11] taking its name from the 1938 song Mambo, a charanga composed by Orestes Lopez which had popularized a new form of danzon which later was known as danzon mambo. This style was a syncopated, less rigid form of the danzón which allowed the dancers to more freely express themselves during the last section, known as the mambo section.[12]

Mambo dancing in Mexico and Rumberas films

From Havana Pérez Prado moved his music to Mexico, where his music and the dance were adopted. The original mambo dance was characterized by freedom and complicated foot-steps. This style was prominent in the Rumberas films. Popular dancers of the era include Ninon Sevilla, Maria Antonieta Pons, Tongolele, Meche Barba, and Resortes.

Americanisation

The mambo dance that was spearheaded by Pérez Prado and was popular in the 1940s and 1950s in Cuba, Mexico, and New York is completely different from the modern dance that New Yorkers now call "mambo" and which is also known as salsa "on 2". The original mambo dance contains no breaking steps or basic steps at all. The Cuban dance was not accepted by many professional dance teachers. Cuban dancers would describe mambo as "feeling the music", in which sound and movement were merged through the body.[13] Professional dance teachers in the US saw this approach to dancing as "extreme", "undisciplined", and thus deemed it necessary to standardize the dance to present it as a salable commodity for the social and ballroom market.[13]

In the 1940s, Puerto Rican dancer Pedro Aguilar, known as "Cuban Pete", and his wife became popular as the top mambo dancers of the time, dancing regularly at The Palladium in NY. "Cuban Pete" was named "the greatest Mambo dancer ever" by Life magazine and the legendary Tito Puente. Pedro Aguilar was nicknamed "Cuban Pete" and el cuchillo ("The knife") for his mambo dance style.[14]

The modern mambo dance from New York was popularized in the late 1960s into the 1970s by George Vascones, president of a dance group known as the Latin Symbolics, from the Bronx, New York. George Vascones continued the mambo dance tradition which started two decades earlier during the "Palladium era". It was followed in the 1980s by Eddie Torres, Angel Rodriguez of RazzM'Tazz Mambo Dance Company, and others, many of whom were 2nd generation New York Puerto Ricans. This style is sometimes danced to mambo music, but more often to salsa dura (old-school salsa). It is termed "mambo on 2" because the break, or direction change, in the basic step occurs on count 2. The Eddie Torres and Razz M'Tazz schools each have different basic steps, even though they share this same basic feature. Eddie Torres describes his version as a "street" style he developed out of what he saw on the Bronx streets. The RazzM'Tazz version is closer to the Palladium Mambo (from the Palladium ballroom in the 1950s), whose basic step was in turn derived from Cuban son, with which it shares its timing (234 - 678, with pauses on 1 and 5) both styles derived from the American Mambo with the freestyle steps based on jazz and tap steps.[15]

O мамбу

Мамбо се изворно свира слично као румба, а може се описати као риф или као румба са паузом. Кубански музичари ће без вежбања направити паузу на било ком биту у такту. Мамбо је познат као ритам који може бити спор или брз. Обично саксофон одређује ритмички узорак, а лимена секција носи мелодију.

Први пут у Сједињеним Америчким Државама мамбо се појавио у њујоршком окупљалишту плесача из Харлема „Парк Плаза Балрум“. Године 1947. мамбо се почео изводити у „Паладиуму“, „Кина Долу“, „Хавана Мадриду“ и „Бирдланду“.

Неке од најпопуларнијих мамбо песама су (енгл. „Mambo Italiano“), (енгл. „Papa Loves Mambo“), (енгл. „Mambo #5″), (енгл. „I Saw Mommy Do The Mambo“) и (енгл. „They Were Doin` The Mambo“).

Већина људи мисли да је мамбо врло брз плес, напротив у својој основи он је спор и прецизан плес у којем се плесачи не крећу пуно. Све се темељи на раду ногу и бокова. Креће се на други бит. Мамбо је улични плес у којем жена и мушкарац одмеравају контролу и снагу, тј. изазивају се. Жена је врло снажна и мора бити доминантна као и мушкарац. Мушкарац покушава да задржи контролу и импресионира жену телесном способношћу и брзином. Због помало дивљих акробација изворни плес морао је бити пригушен односно морао се прилагодити масовној публици која се са мамбом упознавала у плесним студијима, хотелима и ноћним клубовима у Њујорку и Мајамију.

Мамбо лудило није трајало дуго и данас га плешу углавном напреднији плесачи. Учитељи плеса сложили су се у томе да је мамбо један од најтежих плесова. Мамбо је пуно допринио развоју плеса ча ча ча.

Мамбо је популаран, и то понајпре захваљујући филмовима који су укључивали плес, али и учитељима плеса попут Едија Тореса. Торес је каријеру градио као плесач, инструктор и кореограф. Постао је познат под надимком (енгл. „Mambo King of Latin Dance“). Торес је био одлучан у томе да плесаче упозна са оним стилом мамба за који он мисли да је аутентичан и који се данас плеше у ноћним клубовима. У деведесетим годинама 20. века тај стил постао је познат као салса. „Ово је изврсно време за латино-америчке плесове“, рекао је Торес. „Мамбо је сада ин, као што је био педесетих година 20. века. То је плес у којем има пуно утицаја других плесова, и то од афричких и кубанских плесова преко џеза, хип-хопа, па чак и балета. Никада вам неће понестати корака“.

Данас је то један од тзв. стилова салсе. Код нас је био популаран у плесним школама деведесетих година као последица филмова „Прљави плес“, „Краљеви мамба“.

Види још

Референце

  1. ^ Lavelle, Doris 1983. Latin & American dances. 3rd ed, Black, London, p108.
  2. ^ The reason jive is included with the Latin dances is that its dance style is similar: "... a non-progressive dance which can be danced in a small space when the floor is crowded". and "The hold is similar to Latin dances" [meaning, it is quite different from the modern or ballroom dances]. Silvester, Victor 1977. Dancing: ballroom, Latin-American and social, 105/6. ISBN 0-340-22517-3. Teach Yourself Books
  3. ^ Díaz Ayala, Cristóbal (јесен 2013). „Benny Moré” (PDF). Encyclopedic Discography of Cuban Music 1925-1960. Florida International University Libraries. Приступљено 27. 9. 2016. 
  4. ^ Gradante, William; Fairley, Jan. „Danzón”. Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Приступљено 22. 10. 2015. 
  5. ^ Drake-Boyt, Elizabeth (2011). „Rhumba”. Latin Dance. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood. стр. 43—46. ISBN 9780313376092. 
  6. ^ Daniel, Yvonne (2009). „Rumba Then and Now”. Ур.: Malnig, Julie. Ballroom, Boogie, Shimmy Sham, Shake: A Social and Popular Dance Reader. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois. стр. 162. ISBN 9780252075650. 
  7. ^ Hess, Carol A. (2013). Representing the Good Neighbor: Music, Difference, and the Pan American Dream. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. стр. 115—116, 200. ISBN 9780199339891. 
  8. ^ „History of Cuban Music”. Архивирано из оригинала 1. 2. 2014. г. Приступљено 19. 1. 2014. 
  9. ^ „Mambo No. 5 - Perez Prado and his Orchestra”. Приступљено 9. 3. 2022. 
  10. ^ Rodríguez Ruidíaz, Armando: Los sonidos de la música cubana. Evolución de los formatos instrumentales en Cuba. https://www.academia.edu/18302881/Los_sonidos_de_la_m%C3%BAsica_cubana._Evoluci%C3%B3n_de_los_formatos_instrumentales_en_Cuba. P. 49 – 50.
  11. ^ León, Javier F. "Mambo." Encyclopedia of Latino Popular Culture. Ed. Cordelia Chávez Candelaria, Arturo J. Aldama, Peter J. García, Alma Alvarez-Smith. 2 vols. Connecticut: Praeger, 2004: 510
  12. ^ „usurped title”. Архивирано из оригинала 26. 4. 2012. г. 
  13. ^ а б Garcia, D. F. (1. 12. 2006). „Going Primitive to the Movements and Sounds of Mambo”. The Musical Quarterly. 89 (4): 505—523. doi:10.1093/musqtl/gdm006. 
  14. ^ Terry Monaghan (25. 5. 2009). „Pedro 'Cuban Pete' Aguilar”. The Guardian. Приступљено 13. 2. 2019. 
  15. ^ Hutchinson, Sydney (јесен 2004). „Mambo on 2: The birth of a new form of dance in New York City”. Centro Journal. XVI (2): 108—137. ISSN 1538-6279. Архивирано (PDF) из оригинала 11. 9. 2012. г. 

Литература

Спољашње везе