Jedinstvena Rusija

Jedinstvena Rusija
Единая Россия
Jedinstvena Rusija; Единая Россия
Vođa	Dmitrij Medvedev
Generalni; sekretar	Andrej Turčak
Osnivači	Sergej Šojgu ; Mintimer Šajmijev ; Jurij Luškov
Parlamentarni lider	Sergej Neverov
Predsednik Rusije	Vladimir Putin
Koalicija	Sveruski narodni front
Osnovana	1. decembar 2001. god.; pre 22 godine
Prethodnik	Jedinstvo; Otadžbina — Sva Rusija; Naš dom — Rusija
Sedište	Moskva; Rusija
Mladi ogranak	Mlada garda Jedinstvene Rusije
Broj članova (2013)	2.073.772
Ideologija	ruski nacionalizam; konzervativizam; etatizam
Politička pozicija	veliki šator
Religija	pravoslavlje
Boje	plava
Državna duma	324 / 450
Regionalni Parlamenti Ruske Federacije	2.849 / 3.980
Guverneri Rusije	55 / 85
Veb-sajt
	er.ru

Sveruska politička partija „Jedinstvena Rusija” (rus. Всероссийская политическая партия „Единая Россия”) je politička stranka velikog šatora u Ruskoj Federaciji, koja okuplja najrazličitije političke struje pod jedan šator. Njen predsednik je Dimitrij Medvedev.

Osnovana je 1. decembra 2001. ujedinjenjem stranaka Jedinstvo Sergeja Šojgua, Otadžbina Jurija Luškova i Jevgenija Primakova, te Cele Rusije Mintimera Šajmijeva pod imenom Sveruska partija „Jedinstvo i otadžbina — Jedinstvena Rusija”.

Jedinstvena Rusija podržava politiku aktuelnog predsednika Vladimira Putina. Iako nije zvanični lider Jedinstvene Rusije niti član stranke, Putin deluje kao njen de fakto lider.^[1] Stranka je dostigla vrhunac podrške na parlamentarnim izborima 2007. godine sa 64,3% glasova, dok je poslednjih godina zabeležila pad podrške^[2]. Iideologija stranke je nedosledna, ali obuhvata određene političare i zvaničnike,^[3] koji imaju različite političke stavove i podržavaju Putina.^[4] Stranka se uglavnom obraća simpatizerima Vladimira Putina i neideološkim glasačima,^[5]^[6] a politikolozi je često klasifikuju kao „stranku velikog šatora“^[7]^[8]^[9] ili kao „stranku vlasti“.^[10]^[11] Godine 2009. stranka je proglasila ruski konzervativizam za zvaničnu ideologiju stranke.^[12]^[13]

Na logotipu partije nalazi se medved. Po tome se članovi partije nazivaju medvedima.

Izborni rezultati[uredi | uredi izvor]

Parlamentarni izbori[uredi | uredi izvor]

Izborni rezultati
Godina	Glasovi	%	Poslanici	Lider	Parlament
2003.	22.766.294	37.57%	220 / 450	Boris Grizlov	Vladajući
2007.	44.714.241	64%	315 / 450	Vladimir Putin	Vladajući
2011.	32.379.135	49.32%	238 / 450	Dmitrij Medvedev	Vladajući
2016.	28.271.600	54.20%	343 / 450	Dmitrij Medvedev	Vladajući
2021.	28.064.258	49.82%	324 / 450	Sergej Šojgu	Vladajući

Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]

^ „Peskov: Putin – lider «Edinoй Rossii»”. Telekanal «Krasnaя Liniя» (na jeziku: ruski). Pristupljeno 2022-06-07.
^ Times, The Moscow (2021-03-11). „Support for Russia's Ruling Party Drops to Pre-Crimea Low – Poll”. The Moscow Times (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 2022-06-07.
^ Roberts, S. P. (2012). Putin's United Russia Party. Routledge Series on Russian and East European Studies. Routledge. str. 189. ISBN 9781136588334.
^ Way, Lucan (2010), „Resistance to Contagion: Sources of Authoritarian Stability in the Former Soviet Union”, Democracy and Authoritarianism in the Postcommunist World, Cambridge University Press, str. 246—247
^ „Russia's Party Problem: United Russia, Putin, and the Fate of Democracy in Russia | Wilson Center”. www.wilsoncenter.org (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 2021-07-12.
^ Hutcheson, Derek S. (2010). Political marketing techniques in Russia. Global Political Marketing. Routledge. str. 225.
^ Sakwa, Richard (2011). The Crisis of Russian Democracy: The Dual State, Factionalism and the Medvedev Succession. Cambridge University Press. str. 217–218.
^ Bodrunova, Svetlana S.; Litvinenko, Anna A. (2013). New media and political protest: The formation of a public counter-sphere in Russia, 2008–12. Russia's Changing Economic and Political Regimes: The Putin years and afterwards. Routledge. str. 29—65, at p. 35.
^ Rose, Richard (2009). Understanding Post-Communist Transformation: A bottom up approach. Routledge. str. 131.
^ Compare: Remington, Thomas (2013). Patronage and the Party of Power: President—Parliament Relations under Vladimir Putin. Power and Policy in Putin's Russia. Routledge. str. 106. ISBN 9781317989943. Pristupljeno 22. 8. 2016. „The party of power in Russia has not achieved ... single-minded mastery of the power and wealth associated with the control of patronage. The party is united only in its support for and dependence on the Kremlin; it is divided when its principal clients take opposing sides. ... United Russia is not a programmatic party, but a mechanism for extracting rents and distributing patronage. ... In Russia, the party is the creature of the presidency. ... [T]he construction of a lasting party of power such as united Russia requires a sustained commitment on the part of the authorities, one which president Putin has been willing to undertake. ... [T]he concerted effort by President Putin's administration to build up a lasting party of power is a significant development in post-1993 Russian politics ... .” CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
^ Moraski, Bryon J. (2013). The Duma's electoral system: Lessons in endogeneity. Routledge Handbook of Russian Politics and Society. Routledge. str. 109. ISBN 9781136641022. Pristupljeno 22. 8. 2016. „With the March 2000 election of President Vladimir Putin, ... the suspicion was that ... institutional changes 'could resurrect a system dominated by a single "party of power"' (McFaul 2000, 30). ... Still, Russia's electoral system remained largely unchanged for the 2003 Duma election, although the results certainly fuelled speculation that a dominant-party-state had begun to emerge. ... With the union of Fatherland-All Russia and Unity, Russia's party of power had changed once again, this time emerging as United Russia. The 2003 Duma election provided some evidence that the electoral system was working in the party of power's favour.” CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
^ Mezhuev, Boris V. (2013). Democracy in Russia: Problems of Legitimacy. Power and Legitimacy—Challenges from Russia. Routledge. str. 115.
^ White, Stephen (2011). Understanding Russian Politics. Cambridge University Press. str. 362.

Spoljašnje veze[uredi | uredi izvor]

Zvanični veb-sajt

[1] „Peskov: Putin – lider «Edinoй Rossii»”. Telekanal «Krasnaя Liniя» (na jeziku: ruski). Pristupljeno 2022-06-07.

[2] Times, The Moscow (2021-03-11). „Support for Russia's Ruling Party Drops to Pre-Crimea Low – Poll”. The Moscow Times (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 2022-06-07.

[3] Roberts, S. P. (2012). Putin's United Russia Party. Routledge Series on Russian and East European Studies. Routledge. str. 189. ISBN 9781136588334.

[4] Way, Lucan (2010), „Resistance to Contagion: Sources of Authoritarian Stability in the Former Soviet Union”, Democracy and Authoritarianism in the Postcommunist World, Cambridge University Press, str. 246—247

[5] „Russia's Party Problem: United Russia, Putin, and the Fate of Democracy in Russia | Wilson Center”. www.wilsoncenter.org (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 2021-07-12.

[6] Hutcheson, Derek S. (2010). Political marketing techniques in Russia. Global Political Marketing. Routledge. str. 225.

[7] Sakwa, Richard (2011). The Crisis of Russian Democracy: The Dual State, Factionalism and the Medvedev Succession. Cambridge University Press. str. 217–218.

[8] Bodrunova, Svetlana S.; Litvinenko, Anna A. (2013). New media and political protest: The formation of a public counter-sphere in Russia, 2008–12. Russia's Changing Economic and Political Regimes: The Putin years and afterwards. Routledge. str. 29—65, at p. 35.

[9] Rose, Richard (2009). Understanding Post-Communist Transformation: A bottom up approach. Routledge. str. 131.

[10] Compare: Remington, Thomas (2013). Patronage and the Party of Power: President—Parliament Relations under Vladimir Putin. Power and Policy in Putin's Russia. Routledge. str. 106. ISBN 9781317989943. Pristupljeno 22. 8. 2016. „The party of power in Russia has not achieved ... single-minded mastery of the power and wealth associated with the control of patronage. The party is united only in its support for and dependence on the Kremlin; it is divided when its principal clients take opposing sides. ... United Russia is not a programmatic party, but a mechanism for extracting rents and distributing patronage. ... In Russia, the party is the creature of the presidency. ... [T]he construction of a lasting party of power such as united Russia requires a sustained commitment on the part of the authorities, one which president Putin has been willing to undertake. ... [T]he concerted effort by President Putin's administration to build up a lasting party of power is a significant development in post-1993 Russian politics ... .” CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)

[11] Moraski, Bryon J. (2013). The Duma's electoral system: Lessons in endogeneity. Routledge Handbook of Russian Politics and Society. Routledge. str. 109. ISBN 9781136641022. Pristupljeno 22. 8. 2016. „With the March 2000 election of President Vladimir Putin, ... the suspicion was that ... institutional changes 'could resurrect a system dominated by a single "party of power"' (McFaul 2000, 30). ... Still, Russia's electoral system remained largely unchanged for the 2003 Duma election, although the results certainly fuelled speculation that a dominant-party-state had begun to emerge. ... With the union of Fatherland-All Russia and Unity, Russia's party of power had changed once again, this time emerging as United Russia. The 2003 Duma election provided some evidence that the electoral system was working in the party of power's favour.” CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)

[Mezhuev115-12] Mezhuev, Boris V. (2013). Democracy in Russia: Problems of Legitimacy. Power and Legitimacy—Challenges from Russia. Routledge. str. 115.

[White2011_362-13] White, Stephen (2011). Understanding Russian Politics. Cambridge University Press. str. 362.

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