Clitellata

Clitellata; Vremenski raspon: Triassic–Recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Glista
Naučna klasifikacija
Domen:	Eukaryota
Carstvo:	Animalia
Tip:	Annelida
Klasa:	Clitellata
Podklase
	Branchiobdellae; Hirudinea; "Oligochaeta" (paraphyletic);

Clitellata su klasa anelidnih crva, osobena po tome što imaju klitelum – 'ovratnik' koji formira reproduktivnu čauru tokom dela njihovog životnog ciklusa. Klitelati obuhvataju oko 8.000 vrsta. Za razliku od klase poliheta, nemaju parapodije i glave su im slabije razvijene.

Sistematika[уреди | уреди извор]

Prema savremenim filogenetskim analizama, Clitellata se smatra monofiletskom kladom ugrađenom duboko u polihete.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Grupa je podeljena na podklase Oligochaeta i Hirudinea. Oligohete sadrže tubificide (Naididae, Lumbricidae, i Lumbriculidae - najčešće cevne i kišne gliste. Hirudinea sadrži pijavice (Hirudinida), Acanthobdellida, i Branchiobdellida.^[5]

Hirudinea je monofiletska, ali klada je ugrađena među oligohete. Moguća su dva pristupa:^[6]

ukinuti Oligochaeta kao tradicionalno ograničenu u korist niza manjih monofiletskih linija^[6]
tretirati Oligochaeta i Clitellata kao sinonimne uz razdvajane tradicionalnih „oligoheta” u monofiletske loze.^[6]

Reference[уреди | уреди извор]

^ Manum, S. B.; Bose, M. N.; Sawyer, R. Y. T. (1991). „Clitellate cocoons in freshwater deposits since the Triassic”. Zoologica Scripta. 20 (4): 347. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1991.tb00300.x.
^ Zrzavý, Jan; Říha, Pavel; Piálek, Lubomír; Janouškovec, Jan (2009). „Phylogeny of Annelida (Lophotrochozoa): total-evidence analysis of morphology and six genes”. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 9 (1): 189. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 2732625 . PMID 19660115. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-189 .
^ Struck, Torsten H.; Paul, Christiane; Hill, Natascha; Hartmann, Stefanie; Hösel, Christoph; Kube, Michael; Lieb, Bernhard; Meyer, Achim; Tiedemann, Ralph; Purschke, Günter; Bleidorn, Christoph (2011). „Phylogenomic analyses unravel annelid evolution”. Nature. 471 (7336): 95—98. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 21368831. S2CID 4428998. doi:10.1038/nature09864.
^ Weigert, Anne; Helm, Conrad; Meyer, Matthias; Nickel, Birgit; Arendt, Detlev; Hausdorf, Bernhard; Santos, Scott R.; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Purschke, Günter; Bleidorn, Christoph; Struck, Torsten H. (2014). „Illuminating the Base of the Annelid Tree Using Transcriptomics”. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 31 (6): 1391—1401. ISSN 1537-1719. PMID 24567512. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu080 .
^ Tessler, Michael; de Carle, Danielle; Voiklis, Madeleine L.; Gresham, Olivia A.; Neumann, Johannes; Cios, Stanisław; Siddall, Mark E. (2018). „Worms that suck: Phylogenetic analysis of Hirudinea solidifies the positionof Acanthobdellida and necessitates the dissolution of Rhynchobdellida”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127 (127): 129—134. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.05.001.
^ ^а ^б ^в Erséus et al. (2008)

Literatura[уреди | уреди извор]

Erséus, Christer; Wetzel, Mark J. & Gustavsson, Lena (2008): ICZN rules – a farewell to Tubificidae (Annelida, Clitellata). Zootaxa 1744: 66–68. PDF fulltext
Reichardt, Anna Katharina (2006): Systematische Zoologie.

Spoljašnje veze[уреди | уреди извор]

[Manum1991-1] Manum, S. B.; Bose, M. N.; Sawyer, R. Y. T. (1991). „Clitellate cocoons in freshwater deposits since the Triassic”. Zoologica Scripta. 20 (4): 347. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1991.tb00300.x.

[ZrzavýŘíha2009-2] Zrzavý, Jan; Říha, Pavel; Piálek, Lubomír; Janouškovec, Jan (2009). „Phylogeny of Annelida (Lophotrochozoa): total-evidence analysis of morphology and six genes”. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 9 (1): 189. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 2732625 . PMID 19660115. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-189 .

[StruckPaul2011-3] Struck, Torsten H.; Paul, Christiane; Hill, Natascha; Hartmann, Stefanie; Hösel, Christoph; Kube, Michael; Lieb, Bernhard; Meyer, Achim; Tiedemann, Ralph; Purschke, Günter; Bleidorn, Christoph (2011). „Phylogenomic analyses unravel annelid evolution”. Nature. 471 (7336): 95—98. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 21368831. S2CID 4428998. doi:10.1038/nature09864.

[WeigertHelm2014-4] Weigert, Anne; Helm, Conrad; Meyer, Matthias; Nickel, Birgit; Arendt, Detlev; Hausdorf, Bernhard; Santos, Scott R.; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Purschke, Günter; Bleidorn, Christoph; Struck, Torsten H. (2014). „Illuminating the Base of the Annelid Tree Using Transcriptomics”. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 31 (6): 1391—1401. ISSN 1537-1719. PMID 24567512. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu080 .

[5] Tessler, Michael; de Carle, Danielle; Voiklis, Madeleine L.; Gresham, Olivia A.; Neumann, Johannes; Cios, Stanisław; Siddall, Mark E. (2018). „Worms that suck: Phylogenetic analysis of Hirudinea solidifies the positionof Acanthobdellida and necessitates the dissolution of Rhynchobdellida”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127 (127): 129—134. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.05.001.

[Erséus_et_al._2008-6] а ^б ^в Erséus et al. (2008)

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