Ichneumonidae

Ihneumon ose; Vremenski raspon: Rana kreda – sadašnjost PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Diphyus sp.
	Anomaloninae, (Tanzanija)
Naučna klasifikacija
Domen:	Eukaryota
Carstvo:	Animalia
Tip:	Arthropoda
Klasa:	Insecta
Red:	Hymenoptera
Podred:	Apocrita
Natporodica:	Ichneumonoidea
Porodica:	Ichneumonidae; Latreille, 1802

Ichneumonidae, takođe poznate kao ihneumon ose, ihneumonid ose, ihneumonidi, ili Darvinove ose, su familija parazitoidnih osa insektnog reda Hymenoptera. One su jedna od najraznovrsnijih grupa unutar Hymenoptera sa otprilike 25.000 trenutno opisanih vrsta.^[2] Međutim, ovo verovatno predstavlja manje od četvrtine njihovog pravog izobilja, jer nedostaju pouzdane procene, zajedno sa većinom najosnovnijih znanja o njihovoj ekologiji, distribuciji i evoluciji.^[1] Procenjuje se da u ovoj porodici ima više vrsta nego što ima vrsta ptica i sisara zajedno.^[3] Ihneumonidne ose, sa vrlo malim izuzecima, napadaju nezrele stadijume holometabolnih insekata i pauka, na kraju ubijajući svoje domaćine.^[4] One stoga imaju važnu ulogu kao regulatori populacija insekata, kako u prirodnim tako i u polu-prirodnim sistemima, što ih čini obećavajućim agensima za biološku kontrolu.^[5]

Reference

^ ^а ^б Quicke, D. L. J. (2015). The braconid and ichneumonid parasitoid wasps: biology, systematics, evolution and ecology. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
^ Yu, D. S.; van Achterberg, C.; Horstmann, K. (2016). Taxapad 2016. Ichneumonoidea 2015 (Biological and taxonomical information), Taxapad Interactive Catalogue Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ottawa, Canada.
^ J. LaSalle; Ian David Gauld (1993). „Hymenoptera: Their Diversity, and Their Impact on the Diversity of Other Organisms”. Hymenoptera and biodiversity. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: C.A.B. International. стр. 1. ISBN 9780851988306. OCLC 28576921.
^ Broad, G. R.; Shaw, M. R.; Fitton, M. G. (2018). "Ichneumonid wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): their classification and biology". Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, 7(12): 1-418.
^ Klopfstein, Seraina; Santos, Bernardo F.; Shaw, Mark R.; Alvarado, Mabel; Bennett, Andrew M. R.; Dal Pos, Davide; Giannotta, Madalene; Herrera Florez, Andres F.; Karlsson, Dave; Khalaim, Andrey I.; Lima, Alessandro R. (2019). „Darwin wasps: a new name heralds renewed efforts to unravel the evolutionary history of Ichneumonidae”. Entomological Communications. 1: ec01006. doi:10.37486/2675-1305.ec01006 .

Reference

Bennett, A.M.R.; Cardinal, S.; Gauld, I.D.; Wahl, D.B. (2021). „Phylogeny of the subfamilies of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera)”. Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 71: 1—156. doi:10.3897/jhr.71.32375 . </ref>

Spoljašnje veze

Long Family Description Many illustrations from John Curtis British Entomology
Fauna Europaea
Ichneumonidae:Classification of afrotropical ichneumonid wasps. Extensive use of images.
Family Ichneumonidae at EOL Comprehensive taxonomic resource and image database
Images of Ichneumonidae species in New Zealand
W.Rutkies Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (15. фебруар 2019) Images. Authority id.
Genera Ichneumonorum Nearctica. Morphology of Ichneumonidae

[Quicke-1] а ^б Quicke, D. L. J. (2015). The braconid and ichneumonid parasitoid wasps: biology, systematics, evolution and ecology. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[2] Yu, D. S.; van Achterberg, C.; Horstmann, K. (2016). Taxapad 2016. Ichneumonoidea 2015 (Biological and taxonomical information), Taxapad Interactive Catalogue Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ottawa, Canada.

[3] J. LaSalle; Ian David Gauld (1993). „Hymenoptera: Their Diversity, and Their Impact on the Diversity of Other Organisms”. Hymenoptera and biodiversity. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: C.A.B. International. стр. 1. ISBN 9780851988306. OCLC 28576921.

[4] Broad, G. R.; Shaw, M. R.; Fitton, M. G. (2018). "Ichneumonid wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): their classification and biology". Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, 7(12): 1-418.

[KlopfsteinEtAl-5] Klopfstein, Seraina; Santos, Bernardo F.; Shaw, Mark R.; Alvarado, Mabel; Bennett, Andrew M. R.; Dal Pos, Davide; Giannotta, Madalene; Herrera Florez, Andres F.; Karlsson, Dave; Khalaim, Andrey I.; Lima, Alessandro R. (2019). „Darwin wasps: a new name heralds renewed efforts to unravel the evolutionary history of Ichneumonidae”. Entomological Communications. 1: ec01006. doi:10.37486/2675-1305.ec01006 .

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