Jozef Pilsudski

Jozef Pilsudski
Jozef Pilsudski
Lični podaci
Puno ime	Jozef Klemens Pilsudski
Datum rođenja	(1867-12-05)5. decembar 1867.
Mesto rođenja	Zalavas, Ruska Imperija
Datum smrti	12. maj 1935.(1935-05-12) (67 god.)
Mesto smrti	Varšava, Poljska
Univerzitet	Univerzitet u Harkovu
Porodica
Supružnik	Marija Pilsudska Aleksandra Pilsudska
Politička karijera
Politička stranka	Polish Socialist Party
Potpis

Jozef Klemens Pilsudski (polj. Józef Klemens Piłsudski; Zalavas, 5. decembar 1867 — Varšava, 12. maj 1935) je bio poljski državnik, maršal, prvi predsednik Poljske (1918—1922) i inicijator rata protiv sovjetske Rusije (1920—1921).

Od Prvog svetskog rata pa sve do svoje smrti Pilsudski je imao presudan uticaj u spoljnoj i unutrašnjoj politici Poljske, a bio je i važna politička ličnost u međuratnoj Evropi. Smatra se zaslužnim za ponovno stvaranje nezavisne poljske države, 123 godine nakon podele ostataka Kraljevine Poljske između susednih zemalja.

Od mladosti je bio zagovornik poljske nezavisnosti, a rano je postao uticajan član (kasnije i vođa) Poljske socijalističke partije. Glavnu pretnju video je u Ruskoj Imperiji pa je u početku sarađivao s Nemačkom i Austrougarskom kako bi doprineo ruskom porazu u ratu; nakon toga se udaljio od Centralnih sila i sarađivao sa zapadnim silama Antante. U Poljsko-sovjetskom ratu, kao maršal, izvojevao je pobedu i dodatne teritorijalne dobitke.

Svečana akademija u čast Maršala Pilsudskog, koja je održana u Zadužbini Ilije M. Kolarca, 1934. godine.

Od 1918. godine do 1922. godine bio je načelnik države, nakon čega se nakratko povukao iz politike prepuštajući vlast političkim protivnicima. U politički život se vratio 1926. godine državnim udarom, nakon kojeg je postao diktator i dva puta predsednik vlade (1926—1928. i 1930). Od tada pa do svoje smrti bavio se prvenstveno vojnim i spoljanopolitičkim pitanjima nastojeći očuvati poljsku nezavisnost od mogućih ekpanzionističkih posezanja Nemačke i Sovjetskog Saveza. 1934. je sklopio s Hitlerom desetogodišnji pakt o saradnji i nenapadanju. Bio je na vlasti do smrti 1935. godine.

Odlikovan je Kraljevskim ordenom Karađorđeve zvezde, u julu 1922.

Literatura

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• Zamoyski, Adam (1987). The Polish Way. London: John Murray. ISBN 978-0-531-15069-6. 
• Zimmerman, Joshua D. (2003). Contested Memories: Poles and Jews During the Holocaust and Its Aftermath. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-3158-8. 
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• Dziewanowski, Marian Kamil (1969). Joseph Pilsudski: A European Federalist, 1918–1922. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-1791-3. 
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• Hauser, Przemysław (1992). Dorosz, Janina (transl.). „Józef Piłsudski's Views on the Territorial Shape of the Polish State and His Endeavours to Put them into Effect, 1918–1921”. Polish Western Affairs. Poznań: Komisja Naukowa Zachodniej Agencji Prasowej (2): 235—249. ISSN 0032-3039. 
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• Piłsudska, Aleksandra (1941). Pilsudski: A Biography by His Wife. New York: Dodd, Mead. OCLC 65700731. 
• Piłsudski, Józef; Gillie, Darsie Rutherford (1931). Joseph Pilsudski, the Memories of a Polish Revolutionary and soldier. Faber & Faber. 
• Piłsudski, Józef (1972). Year 1920 and its Climax: Battle of Warsaw during the Polish-Soviet War, 1919–1920, with the Addition of Soviet Marshal Tukhachevski's March beyond the Vistula. New York: Józef Piłsudski Institute of America. ASIN B0006EIT3A. 
• Reddaway, William Fiddian (1939). Marshal Pilsudski. London: Routledge. OCLC 1704492. 
• Rothschild, Joseph (1967). Pilsudski's Coup d'État. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-02984-1. 
• Wandycz, Piotr S. (1970). „Polish Federalism 1919–1920 and its Historical Antecedents”. East European Quarterly. Boulder, Colorado. 4 (1): 25—39. ISSN 0012-8449. 
• Wójcik, Włodzimierz (1987). Legenda Piłsudskiego w Polskiej literaturze międzywojennej (Piłsudski's Legend in Polish Interwar Literature). Warsaw: Śląsk. ISBN 978-83-216-0533-3. 

Spoljašnje veze

• A site dedicated to Józef Piłsudski and the prewar Poland Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (17. август 2015)
• Dole, Patryk. „Marshal Józef Piłsudski. Messiah and Central European Federalist”. Arhivirano iz originala 13. 2. 2005. g. Pristupljeno 29. 5. 2006. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)CS1 održavanje: BOT: status parametra originalni-URL nepoznat (veza)
• Józef Piłsudski Institute of America
• Bibuła – Book by Józef Piłsudski
• Historical media – Recording of short speech by Piłsudski from 1924