Repati vodozemci

Repati vodozemci; Vremenski raspon: ; kasna jura – sadašnjost, 160–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Pegavi daždevnjak, Ambystoma maculatum
	šareni daždevnjak; (Salamandra salamandra)
Naučna klasifikacija
Domen:	Eukaryota
Carstvo:	Animalia
Tip:	Chordata
Klasa:	Amphibia
Kladus:	Caudata
Red:	Urodela; Duméril, 1806
Podredovi
	Cryptobranchoidea; Salamandroidea;
	Izvorna distribucija daždevnjaka (u zelenoj boji)

Repati vodozemci (lat. Caudata, ili Urodela) su jedan od redova vodozemaca. Repati vodozemci žive i u vodi i na kopnu. Većina ih živi na kopnu kada dostignu zrelost posle metamorfoze. U tom procesu oni gube škrge i počinju da dišu vazduh. Vodu uzimaju preko kože. Neki repati vodozemci ne doživljavaju metamorfozu i stalno izgledaju kao mladunci. Ukoliko su i reproduktivno sposobni, pojava se naziva neotenija.

Klasifikacija[uredi | uredi izvor]

Postoji deset familija u redu Caudata, svrstanih u tri podreda:

familija	Uobičajeno ime	Primer vrste
Cryptobranchoidea (džinovski daždevnjaci)
Cryptobranchidae	Kriptobranhide	Američki džinovski daždevnjak (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis)
Hynobiidae	Hinobiide (azijski daždevnjaci)	Japanski džinovski daždevnjak (Andrias japonicus)
Salamandroidea (naprediniji daždevnjaci)
Ambystomatidae	Ambistomatide (pegavi daždevnjaci)	Mermerni daždevnjak (Ambystoma opacum)
Amphiumidae	Amfiumide	Dvoprsta amfijuma (Amphiuma means)
Dicamptodontidae	Dikamptodontide	Džinovski pacifički daždevnjak (Dicamptodon tenebrosus)
Plethodontidae	Pletodontide (daždevnjaci bez pluća)	Crvenoleđi daždevnjak (Plethodon cinereus)
Proteidae	Proteide	Čovečija ribica (Proteus anguinus)
Rhyacotritonidae	Riakotritonide	Južni potočni daždevnjak (Rhyacotriton variegatus)
Salamandridae	Salamandride (mrmoljci i daždevnjaci)	Planinski mrmoljak (Triturus alpestris)
Sirenoidea (sirene)
Sirenidae	Sirene	Velika sirena (Siren lacertina)

Vrste[uredi | uredi izvor]

Afghanodon mustersi (Smith, 1940)
Ambystoma altamirani Dugès, 1895
Ambystoma amblycephalum Taylor, 1940
Ambystoma andersoni Krebs and Brandon, 1984
Ambystoma annulatum Cope, 1886
Ambystoma barbouri Kraus and Petranka, 1989
Ambystoma bishopi Goin, 1950
Ambystoma bombypellum Taylor, 1940
Ambystoma californiense Gray, 1853
Ambystoma cingulatum Cope, 1868
Ambystoma dumerilii (Dugès, 1870)
Ambystoma flavipiperatum Dixon, 1963
Ambystoma gracile (Baird, 1859)
Ambystoma granulosum Taylor, 1944
Ambystoma jeffersonianum (Green, 1827)
Ambystoma laterale Hallowell, 1856
Ambystoma leorae (Taylor, 1943)
Ambystoma lermaense (Taylor, 1940)
Ambystoma mabeei Bishop, 1928
Ambystoma macrodactylum Baird, 1850
Ambystoma maculatum (Shaw, 1802)
Ambystoma mavortium Baird, 1850
Ambystoma mexicanum (Shaw and Nodder, 1798)
Ambystoma opacum (Gravenhorst, 1807)
Ambystoma ordinarium Taylor, 1940
Ambystoma rivulare (Taylor, 1940)
Ambystoma rosaceum Taylor, 1941
Ambystoma silvense Webb, 2004
Ambystoma subsalsum Taylor, 1943
Ambystoma talpoideum (Holbrook, 1838)
Ambystoma taylori Brandon, Maruska and Rumph, 1982
Ambystoma texanum (Matthes, 1855)
Ambystoma tigrinum (Green, 1825)
Ambystoma velasci Dugès, 1888
Amphiuma means Garden in Smith, 1821
Amphiuma pholeter Neill, 1964
Amphiuma tridactylum Cuvier, 1827
Andrias davidianus (Blanchard, 1871)
Andrias japonicus (Temminck, 1836)
Aneides aeneus (Cope and Packard, 1881)
Aneides ferreus Cope, 1869
Aneides flavipunctatus (Strauch, 1870)
Aneides hardii (Taylor, 1941)
Aneides iecanus (Cope, 1883)
Aneides lugubris (Hallowell, 1849)
Aneides niger Myers and Maslin, 1948
Aneides vagrans Wake and Jackman, 1999
Aquiloeurycea cafetalera (Parra-Olea, Rovito, Márquez-Valdelmar, Cruz, Murrieta-Galindo and Wake, 2010)
Aquiloeurycea cephalica (Cope, 1865)
Aquiloeurycea galeanae (Taylor, 1941)
Aquiloeurycea praecellens (Rabb, 1955)
Aquiloeurycea quetzalanensis (Parra-Olea, Canseco-Márquez and García-París, 2004)
Aquiloeurycea scandens (Walker, 1955)
Batrachoseps altasierrae Jockusch, Martínez-Solano, Hansen and Wake, 2012
Batrachoseps attenuatus (Eschscholtz, 1833)
Batrachoseps bramei Jockusch, Martínez-Solano, Hansen and Wake, 2012
Batrachoseps campi Marlow, Brode and Wake, 1979
Batrachoseps diabolicus Jockusch, Wake and Yanev, 1998
Batrachoseps gabrieli Wake, 1996
Batrachoseps gavilanensis Jockusch, Yanev and Wake, 2001
Batrachoseps gregarius Jockusch, Wake and Yanev, 1998
Batrachoseps incognitus Jockusch, Yanev and Wake, 2001
Batrachoseps kawia Jockusch, Wake and Yanev, 1998
Batrachoseps luciae Jockusch, Yanev and Wake, 2001
Batrachoseps major Camp, 1915
Batrachoseps minor Jockusch, Yanev and Wake, 2001
Batrachoseps nigriventris Cope, 1869
Batrachoseps pacificus (Cope, 1865)
Batrachoseps regius Jockusch, Wake and Yanev, 1998
Batrachoseps relictus Brame and Murray, 1968
Batrachoseps robustus Wake, Yanev and Hansen, 2002
Batrachoseps simatus Brame and Murray, 1968
Batrachoseps stebbinsi Brame and Murray, 1968
Batrachoseps wrighti (Bishop, 1937)
Batrachuperus karlschmidti Liu, 1950
Batrachuperus londongensis Liu and Tian in Liu, Hu, Tian and Wu, 1978
Batrachuperus pinchonii (David, 1872)
Batrachuperus tibetanus Schmidt, 1925
Batrachuperus yenyuanensis Liu, 1950
Bolitoglossa adspersa (Peters, 1863)
Bolitoglossa alberchi García-París, Parra-Olea, Brame and Wake, 2002
Bolitoglossa altamazonica (Cope, 1874)
Bolitoglossa alvaradoi Taylor, 1954
Bolitoglossa anthracina Brame, Savage, Wake and Hanken, 2001
Bolitoglossa aurae Kubicki and Arias, 2016
Bolitoglossa aureogularis Boza-Oviedo, Rovito, Chaves, García-Rodríguez, Artavia, Bolaños and Wake, 2012
Bolitoglossa biseriata Tanner, 1962
Bolitoglossa borburata Trapido, 1942
Bolitoglossa bramei Wake, Savage and Hanken, 2007
Bolitoglossa caldwellae Brcko, Hoogmoed and Neckel-Oliveira, 2013
Bolitoglossa capitana Brame and Wake, 1963
Bolitoglossa carri McCranie and Wilson, 1993
Bolitoglossa cataguana Townsend, Butler, Wilson and Austin, 2009
Bolitoglossa celaque McCranie and Wilson, 1993
Bolitoglossa centenorum Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa cerroensis (Taylor, 1952)
Bolitoglossa chica Brame and Wake, 1963
Bolitoglossa chinanteca Rovito, Parra-Olea, Lee and Wake, 2012
Bolitoglossa chucantiensis Batista, Köhler, Mebert and Vesely, 2014
Bolitoglossa colonnea (Dunn, 1924)
Bolitoglossa compacta Wake, Brame and Duellman, 1973
Bolitoglossa conanti McCranie and Wilson, 1993
Bolitoglossa copia Wake, Hanken and Ibáñez, 2005
Bolitoglossa cuchumatana (Stuart, 1943)
Bolitoglossa cuna Wake, Brame and Duellman, 1973
Bolitoglossa daryorum Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa decora McCranie and Wilson, 1997
Bolitoglossa diaphora McCranie and Wilson, 1995
Bolitoglossa digitigrada Wake, Brame and Thomas, 1982
Bolitoglossa diminuta Robinson, 1976
Bolitoglossa dofleini (Werner, 1903)
Bolitoglossa dunni (Schmidt, 1933)
Bolitoglossa engelhardti (Schmidt, 1936)
Bolitoglossa epimela Wake and Brame, 1963
Bolitoglossa equatoriana Brame and Wake, 1972
Bolitoglossa eremia Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa flavimembris (Schmidt, 1936)
Bolitoglossa flaviventris (Schmidt, 1936)
Bolitoglossa franklini (Schmidt, 1936)
Bolitoglossa gomezi Wake, Savage and Hanken, 2007
Bolitoglossa gracilis Bolaños, Robinson and Wake, 1987
Bolitoglossa guaneae Acosta-Galvis and Gutiérrez-Lamus, 2012
Bolitoglossa guaramacalensis Schargel, García-Pérez and Smith, 2002
Bolitoglossa hartwegi Wake and Brame, 1969
Bolitoglossa heiroreias Greenbaum, 2004
Bolitoglossa helmrichi (Schmidt, 1936)
Bolitoglossa hermosa Papenfuss, Wake and Adler, 1984
Bolitoglossa hiemalis Lynch, 2001
Bolitoglossa huehuetenanguensis Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa hypacra (Brame and Wake, 1962)
Bolitoglossa indio Sunyer, Lotzkat, Hertz, Wake, Aléman, Robleto and Köhler, 2008
Bolitoglossa insularis Sunyer, Lotzkat, Hertz, Wake, Aléman, Robleto and Köhler, 2008
Bolitoglossa jacksoni Elias, 1984
Bolitoglossa jugivagans Hertz, Lotzkat and Köhler, 2013
Bolitoglossa kamuk Boza-Oviedo, Rovito, Chaves, García-Rodríguez, Artavia, Bolaños and Wake, 2012
Bolitoglossa kaqchikelorum Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa la Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa leandrae Acevedo, Wake, Márquez, Silva, Franco and Amézquita, 2013
Bolitoglossa lignicolor (Peters, 1873)
Bolitoglossa lincolni (Stuart, 1943)
Bolitoglossa longissima McCranie and Cruz-Díaz, 1996
Bolitoglossa lozanoi Acosta-Galvis and Restrepo, 2001
Bolitoglossa macrinii (Lafrentz, 1930)
Bolitoglossa madeira Brcko, Hoogmoed and Neckel-Oliveira, 2013
Bolitoglossa magnifica Hanken, Wake and Savage, 2005
Bolitoglossa marmorea (Tanner and Brame, 1961)
Bolitoglossa medemi Brame and Wake, 1972
Bolitoglossa meliana Wake and Lynch, 1982
Bolitoglossa mexicana Duméril, Bibron and Duméril, 1854
Bolitoglossa minutula Wake, Brame and Duellman, 1973
Bolitoglossa mombachoensis Köhler and McCranie, 1999
Bolitoglossa morio (Cope, 1869)
Bolitoglossa mucuyensis García-Gutiérrez, Escalona, Mora, de Pascual and Fermin, 2013
Bolitoglossa mulleri (Brocchi, 1883)
Bolitoglossa nicefori Brame and Wake, 1963
Bolitoglossa nigrescens (Taylor, 1949)
Bolitoglossa ninadormida Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa nussbaumi Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa nympha Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa oaxacensis Parra-Olea, García-París and Wake, 2002
Bolitoglossa obscura Hanken, Wake and Savage, 2005
Bolitoglossa occidentalis Taylor, 1941
Bolitoglossa odonnelli (Stuart, 1943)
Bolitoglossa omniumsanctorum (Stuart, 1952)
Bolitoglossa oresbia McCranie, Espinal and Wilson, 2005
Bolitoglossa orestes Brame and Wake, 1962
Bolitoglossa pacaya Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa palmata (Werner, 1897)
Bolitoglossa pandi Brame and Wake, 1963
Bolitoglossa paraensis (Unterstein, 1930)
Bolitoglossa peruviana (Boulenger, 1883)
Bolitoglossa pesrubra (Taylor, 1952)
Bolitoglossa phalarosoma Wake and Brame, 1962
Bolitoglossa platydactyla (Gray, 1831)
Bolitoglossa porrasorum McCranie and Wilson, 1995
Bolitoglossa psephena Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa pygmaea Bolaños and Wake, 2009
Bolitoglossa ramosi Brame and Wake, 1972
Bolitoglossa riletti Holman, 1964
Bolitoglossa robinsoni Bolaños and Wake, 2009
Bolitoglossa robusta (Cope, 1894)
Bolitoglossa rostrata (Brocchi, 1883)
Bolitoglossa rufescens (Cope, 1869)
Bolitoglossa salvinii (Gray, 1868)
Bolitoglossa savagei Brame and Wake, 1963
Bolitoglossa schizodactyla Wake and Brame, 1966
Bolitoglossa silverstonei Brame and Wake, 1972
Bolitoglossa sima (Vaillant, 1911)
Bolitoglossa sombra Hanken, Wake and Savage, 2005
Bolitoglossa sooyorum Vial, 1963
Bolitoglossa splendida Boza-Oviedo, Rovito, Chaves, García-Rodríguez, Artavia, Bolaños and Wake, 2012
Bolitoglossa striatula (Noble, 1918)
Bolitoglossa stuarti Wake and Brame, 1969
Bolitoglossa subpalmata (Boulenger, 1896)
Bolitoglossa suchitanensis Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa synoria McCranie and Köhler, 1999
Bolitoglossa tamaense Acevedo, Wake, Márquez, Silva, Franco and Amézquita, 2013
Bolitoglossa tapajonica Brcko, Hoogmoed and Neckel-Oliveira, 2013
Bolitoglossa tatamae Acosta-Galvis and Hoyos, 2006
Bolitoglossa taylori Wake, Brame and Myers, 1970
Bolitoglossa tenebrosa Vazquez-Almazán and Rovito, 2014
Bolitoglossa tica García-París, Parra-Olea and Wake, 2008
Bolitoglossa tzultacaj Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa vallecula Brame and Wake, 1963
Bolitoglossa veracrucis Taylor, 1951
Bolitoglossa walkeri Brame and Wake, 1972
Bolitoglossa xibalba Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Bolitoglossa yariguiensis Meza-Joya, Hernández-Jaimes and Ramos-Pallares, 2017
Bolitoglossa yucatana (Peters, 1882)
Bolitoglossa zacapensis Rovito, Vásquez-Almazán and Papenfuss, 2010
Bolitoglossa zapoteca Parra-Olea, García-París and Wake, 2002
Bradytriton silus Wake and Elias, 1983
Calotriton arnoldi Carranza and Amat, 2005
Calotriton asper (Dugès, 1852)
Chioglossa lusitanica Bocage, 1864
Chiropterotriton arboreus (Taylor, 1941)
Chiropterotriton aureus García-Castillo, Soto-Pozos, Aguilar-López, Pineda-Arredondo and Parra-Olea, 2018
Chiropterotriton chico García-Castillo, Rovito, Wake and Parra-Olea, 2017
Chiropterotriton chiropterus (Cope, 1863)
Chiropterotriton chondrostega (Taylor, 1941)
Chiropterotriton cieloensis Rovito and Parra-Olea, 2015
Chiropterotriton cracens Rabb, 1958
Chiropterotriton dimidiatus (Taylor, 1940)
Chiropterotriton infernalis Rovito and Parra-Olea, 2015
Chiropterotriton lavae (Taylor, 1942)
Chiropterotriton magnipes Rabb, 1965
Chiropterotriton miquihuanus Campbell, Streicher, Cox and Brodie, 2014
Chiropterotriton mosaueri (Woodall, 1941)
Chiropterotriton multidentatus (Taylor, 1939)
Chiropterotriton nubilus García-Castillo, Soto-Pozos, Aguilar-López, Pineda-Arredondo and Parra-Olea, 2018
Chiropterotriton orculus (Cope, 1865)
Chiropterotriton priscus Rabb, 1956
Chiropterotriton terrestris (Taylor, 1941)
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille, 1801)
Cryptotriton alvarezdeltoroi (Papenfuss and Wake, 1987)
Cryptotriton monzoni (Campbell and Smith, 1998)
Cryptotriton nasalis (Dunn, 1924)
Cryptotriton necopinus McCranie and Rovito, 2014
Cryptotriton sierraminensis Vásquez-Almazán, Rovito, Good and Wake, 2009
Cryptotriton veraepacis (Lynch and Wake, 1978)
Cryptotriton xucaneborum Rovito, Vázquez-Almazán, Papenfuss, Parra-Olea and Wake, 2015
Cynops chenggongensis Kou and Xing, 1983
Cynops cyanurus Liu, Hu and Yang, 1962
Cynops ensicauda (Hallowell, 1861)
Cynops fudingensis Wu, Wang, Jiang and Hanken, 2010
Cynops glaucus Yuan, Jiang, Ding, Zhang and Che, 2013
Cynops orientalis (David, 1873)
Cynops orphicus Risch, 1983
Cynops pyrrhogaster (Boie, 1826)
Cynops wolterstorffi (Boulenger, 1905)
Cynops yunnanensis Yang, 1983
Dendrotriton bromeliacius (Schmidt, 1936)
Dendrotriton chujorum Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Dendrotriton cuchumatanus (Lynch and Wake, 1975)
Dendrotriton kekchiorum Campbell, Smith, Streicher, Acevedo and Brodie, 2010
Dendrotriton megarhinus (Rabb, 1960)
Dendrotriton rabbi (Lynch and Wake, 1975)
Dendrotriton sanctibarbarus (McCranie and Wilson, 1997)
Dendrotriton xolocalcae (Taylor, 1941)
Desmognathus abditus Anderson and Tilley, 2003
Desmognathus aeneus Brown and Bishop, 1947
Desmognathus apalachicolae Means and Karlin, 1989
Desmognathus aureatus (Martof, 1956)
Desmognathus auriculatus (Holbrook, 1838)
Desmognathus brimleyorum Stejneger, 1895
Desmognathus carolinensis Dunn, 1916
Desmognathus conanti Rossman, 1958
Desmognathus folkertsi Camp, Tilley, Austin and Marshall, 2002
Desmognathus fuscus (Rafinesque, 1820)
Desmognathus imitator Dunn, 1927
Desmognathus marmoratus (Moore, 1899)
Desmognathus melanius (Martof, 1956)
Desmognathus monticola Dunn, 1916
Desmognathus ochrophaeus Cope, 1859
Desmognathus ocoee Nicholls, 1949
Desmognathus orestes Tilley and Mahoney, 1996
Desmognathus organi Crespi, Browne and Rissler, 2010
Desmognathus planiceps Newman, 1955
Desmognathus quadramaculatus (Holbrook, 1840)
Desmognathus santeetlah Tilley, 1981
Desmognathus valentinei Means, Lamb and Bernardo, 2017
Desmognathus welteri Barbour, 1950
Desmognathus wrighti King, 1936
Dicamptodon aterrimus (Cope, 1868)
Dicamptodon copei Nussbaum, 1970
Dicamptodon ensatus (Eschscholtz, 1833)
Dicamptodon tenebrosus (Baird and Girard, 1852)
Echinotriton andersoni (Boulenger, 1892)
Echinotriton chinhaiensis (Chang, 1932)
Echinotriton maxiquadratus Hou, Wu, Yang, Zheng, Yuan and Li, 2014
Ensatina eschscholtzii Gray, 1850
Euproctus montanus (Savi, 1838)
Euproctus platycephalus (Gravenhorst, 1829)
Eurycea aquatica Rose and Bush, 1963
Eurycea bislineata (Green, 1818)
Eurycea braggi (Smith, 1968)
Eurycea chamberlaini Harrison and Guttman, 2003
Eurycea chisholmensis Chippindale, Price, Wiens and Hillis, 2000
Eurycea cirrigera (Green, 1831)
Eurycea guttolineata (Holbrook, 1838)
Eurycea hillisi Wray, Means and Steppan, 2017
Eurycea junaluska Sever, Dundee and Sullivan, 1976
Eurycea latitans Smith and Potter, 1946
Eurycea longicauda (Green, 1818)
Eurycea lucifuga Rafinesque, 1822
Eurycea multiplicata (Cope, 1869)
Eurycea nana Bishop, 1941
Eurycea naufragia Chippindale, Price, Wiens and Hillis, 2000
Eurycea neotenes Bishop and Wright, 1937
Eurycea nerea (Bishop, 1944)
Eurycea paludicola (Mittleman, 1947)
Eurycea pterophila Burger, Smith and Potter, 1950
Eurycea quadridigitata (Holbrook, 1842)
Eurycea rathbuni (Stejneger, 1896)
Eurycea robusta (Longley, 1978)
Eurycea sosorum Chippindale, Price and Hillis, 1993
Eurycea spelaea (Stejneger, 1892)
Eurycea sphagnicola Wray, Means and Steppan, 2017
Eurycea subfluvicola Steffen, Irwin, Blair and Bonett, 2014
Eurycea tonkawae Chippindale, Price, Wiens and Hillis, 2000
Eurycea troglodytes Baker, 1957
Eurycea tynerensis Moore and Hughes, 1939
Eurycea wallacei (Carr, 1939)
Eurycea waterlooensis Hillis, Chamberlain, Wilcox and Chippindale, 2001
Eurycea wilderae Dunn, 1920
Gyrinophilus gulolineatus Brandon, 1965
Gyrinophilus palleucus McCrady, 1954
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus (Green, 1827)
Gyrinophilus subterraneus Besharse and Holsinger, 1977
Hemidactylium scutatum (Temminck in Temminck and Schlegel, 1838)
Hydromantes brunus Gorman, 1954
Hydromantes platycephalus (Camp, 1916)
Hydromantes samweli Bingham, Papenfuss, Lindstrand and Wake, 2018
Hydromantes shastae Gorman and Camp, 1953
Hydromantes wintu Bingham, Papenfuss, Lindstrand and Wake, 2018
Hynobius abei Sato, 1934
Hynobius abuensis Matsui, Okawa, Nishikawa and Tominaga, 2019
Hynobius akiensis Matsui, Okawa and Nishikawa, 2019
Hynobius amakusaensis Nishikawa and Matsui, 2014
Hynobius amjiensis Gu, 1992
Hynobius arisanensis Maki, 1922
Hynobius bakan Matsui, Okawa and Nishikawa, 2019
Hynobius boulengeri (Thompson, 1912)
Hynobius chinensis Günther, 1889
Hynobius dunni Tago, 1931
Hynobius formosanus Maki, 1922
Hynobius fossigenus Okamiya, Sugawara, Nagano and Poyarkov, 2018
Hynobius fucus Lai and Lue, 2008
Hynobius glacialis Lai and Lue, 2008
Hynobius guabangshanensis Shen in Shen, Deng and Wang, 2004
Hynobius hidamontanus Matsui, 1987
Hynobius hirosei Lantz, 1931
Hynobius ikioi Matsui, Nishikawa and Tominaga, 2017
Hynobius iwami Matsui, Okawa, Nishikawa and Tominaga, 2019
Hynobius katoi Matsui, Kokuryo, Misawa and Nishikawa, 2004
Hynobius kimurae Dunn, 1923
Hynobius leechii Boulenger, 1887
Hynobius lichenatus Boulenger, 1883
Hynobius maoershanensis Zhou, Jiang and Jiang, 2006
Hynobius mikawaensis Matsui, Misawa, Nishikawa and Shimada, 2017
Hynobius naevius (Temminck and Schlegel, 1838)
Hynobius nebulosus (Temminck and Schlegel, 1838)
Hynobius nigrescens Stejneger, 1907
Hynobius okiensis Sato, 1940
Hynobius osumiensis Nishikawa and Matsui, 2014
Hynobius oyamai Tominaga, Matsui and Nishikawa, 2019
Hynobius quelpaertensis Mori, 1928
Hynobius retardatus Dunn, 1923
Hynobius sematonotos Tominaga, Matsui and Nishikawa, 2019
Hynobius setoi Matsui, Tanabe and Misawa, 2019
Hynobius setouchi Matsui, Okawa, Tanabe and Misawa, 2019
Hynobius shinichisatoi Nishikawa and Matsui, 2014
Hynobius sonani (Maki, 1922)
Hynobius stejnegeri Dunn, 1923
Hynobius takedai Matsui and Miyazaki, 1984
Hynobius tokyoensis Tago, 1931
Hynobius tosashimizuensis Sugawara, Watabe, Yoshikawa and Nagano, 2018
Hynobius tsuensis Abé, 1922
Hynobius turkestanicus Nikolskii, 1910
Hynobius unisacculus Min, Baek, Song, Chang and Poyarkov, 2016
Hynobius utsunomiyaorum Matsui and Okawa, 2019
Hynobius vandenburghi Dunn, 1923
Hynobius yangi Kim, Min and Matsui, 2003
Hynobius yiwuensis Cai, 1985
Ichthyosaura alpestris (Laurenti, 1768)
Isthmura bellii (Gray, 1850)
Isthmura boneti (Alvarez and Martín, 1967)
Isthmura corrugata Sandoval-Comte, Pineda-Arredondo, Rovito and Luría-Manzano, 2017
Isthmura gigantea (Taylor, 1939)
Isthmura maxima (Parra-Olea, García-París, Papenfuss and Wake, 2005)
Isthmura naucampatepetl (Parra-Olea, Papenfuss and Wake, 2001)
Isthmura sierraoccidentalis (Lowe, Jones and Wright, 1968)
Ixalotriton niger Wake and Johnson, 1989
Ixalotriton parvus (Lynch and Wake, 1989)
Karsenia koreana Min, Yang, Bonett, Vieites, Brandon and Wake, 2005
Laotriton laoensis (Stuart and Papenfuss, 2002)
Lissotriton boscai (Lataste in Tourneville, 1879)
Lissotriton graecus (Wolterstorff, 1906)
Lissotriton helveticus (Razoumovsky, 1789)
Lissotriton italicus (Peracca, 1898)
Lissotriton kosswigi (Freytag, 1955)
Lissotriton lantzi (Wolterstorff, 1914)
Lissotriton maltzani (Boettger, 1879)
Lissotriton montandoni (Boulenger, 1880)
Lissotriton schmidtleri (Raxworthy, 1988)
Lissotriton vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Liua shihi (Liu, 1950)
Liua tsinpaensis (Liu and Hu in Hu, Zhao and Liu, 1966)
Lyciasalamandra antalyana (Basoglu and Baran, 1976)
Lyciasalamandra atifi (Basoglu, 1967)
Lyciasalamandra billae (Franzen and Klewen, 1987)
Lyciasalamandra fazilae (Basoglu and Atatür, 1975)
Lyciasalamandra flavimembris (Mutz and Steinfartz, 1995)
Lyciasalamandra helverseni (Pieper, 1963)
Lyciasalamandra luschani (Steindachner, 1891)
Mertensiella caucasica (Waga, 1876)
Necturus alabamensis Viosca, 1937
Necturus beyeri Viosca, 1937
Necturus lewisi Brimley, 1924
Necturus lodingi Viosca, 1937
Necturus louisianensis Viosca, 1938
Necturus maculosus (Rafinesque, 1818)
Necturus punctatus (Gibbes, 1850)
Neurergus barani Öz, 1994
Neurergus crocatus Cope, 1862
Neurergus derjugini (Nesterov, 1916)
Neurergus kaiseri Schmidt, 1952
Neurergus strauchii (Steindachner, 1887)
Notophthalmus meridionalis (Cope, 1880)
Notophthalmus perstriatus (Bishop, 1941)
Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque, 1820)
Nototriton abscondens (Taylor, 1948)
Nototriton barbouri (Schmidt, 1936)
Nototriton brodiei Campbell and Smith, 1998
Nototriton costaricense Arias and Kubicki, 2018
Nototriton gamezi García-París and Wake, 2000
Nototriton guanacaste Good and Wake, 1993
Nototriton lignicola McCranie and Wilson, 1997
Nototriton limnospectator McCranie, Wilson and Polisar, 1998
Nototriton major Good and Wake, 1993
Nototriton matama Boza-Oviedo, Rovito, Chaves, García-Rodríguez, Artavia, Bolaños and Wake, 2012
Nototriton mime Townsend, Medina-Flores, Reyes-Calderón and Austin, 2013
Nototriton nelsoni Townsend, 2016
Nototriton oreadorum Townsend, 2016
Nototriton picadoi (Stejneger, 1911)
Nototriton picucha Townsend, Medina-Flores, Murillo and Austin, 2011
Nototriton richardi (Taylor, 1949)
Nototriton saslaya Köhler, 2002
Nototriton stuarti Wake and Campbell, 2000
Nototriton tapanti Good and Wake, 1993
Nototriton tomamorum Townsend, Butler, Wilson and Austin, 2010
Nyctanolis pernix Elias and Wake, 1983
Oedipina alfaroi Dunn, 1921
Oedipina alleni Taylor, 1954
Oedipina altura Brame, 1968
Oedipina berlini Kubicki, 2016
Oedipina capitalina Solis, Espinal, Valle, O'Reilly, Itgen and Townsend, 2016
Oedipina carablanca Brame, 1968
Oedipina chortiorum Brodie, Acevedo and Campbell, 2012
Oedipina collaris (Stejneger, 1907)
Oedipina complex (Dunn, 1924)
Oedipina cyclocauda Taylor, 1952
Oedipina elongata (Schmidt, 1936)
Oedipina fortunensis Köhler, Ponce and Batista, 2007
Oedipina gephyra McCranie, Wilson and Williams, 1993
Oedipina gracilis Taylor, 1952
Oedipina grandis Brame and Duellman, 1970
Oedipina ignea Stuart, 1952
Oedipina kasios McCranie, Vieites and Wake, 2008
Oedipina koehleri Sunyer, Townsend, Wake, Travers, Gonzalez, Obando and Quintana, 2011
Oedipina leptopoda McCranie, Vieites and Wake, 2008
Oedipina maritima García-París and Wake, 2000
Oedipina motaguae Brodie, Acevedo and Campbell, 2012
Oedipina nica Sunyer, Wake, Townsend, Travers, Rovito, Papenfuss, Obando and Köhler, 2010
Oedipina nimaso Boza-Oviedo, Rovito, Chaves, García-Rodríguez, Artavia, Bolaños and Wake, 2012
Oedipina pacificensis Taylor, 1952
Oedipina parvipes (Peters, 1879)
Oedipina paucidentata Brame, 1968
Oedipina petiola McCranie and Townsend, 2011
Oedipina poelzi Brame, 1963
Oedipina pseudouniformis Brame, 1968
Oedipina quadra McCranie, Vieites and Wake, 2008
Oedipina salvadorensis Rand, 1952
Oedipina savagei García-París and Wake, 2000
Oedipina stenopodia Brodie and Campbell, 1993
Oedipina stuarti Brame, 1968
Oedipina taylori Stuart, 1952
Oedipina tomasi McCranie, 2006
Oedipina tzutujilorum Brodie, Acevedo and Campbell, 2012
Oedipina uniformis Keferstein, 1868
Ommatotriton nesterovi (Litvinchuk, Zuiderwijk, Borkin and Rosanov, 2005)
Ommatotriton ophryticus (Berthold, 1846)
Ommatotriton vittatus (Gray in Jenyns, 1835)
Onychodactylus fischeri (Boulenger, 1886)
Onychodactylus fuscus Yoshikawa and Matsui, 2014
Onychodactylus intermedius Nishikawa and Matsui, 2014
Onychodactylus japonicus (Houttuyn, 1782)
Onychodactylus kinneburi Yoshikawa, Matsui, Tanabe and Okayama, 2013
Onychodactylus koreanus Min, Poyarkov and Vieites, 2012
Onychodactylus nipponoborealis Kuro-o, Poyarkov and Vieites, 2012
Onychodactylus tsukubaensis Yoshikawa and Matsui, 2013
Onychodactylus zhangyapingi Che, Poyarkov and Yan, 2012
Onychodactylus zhaoermii Che, Poyarkov and Yan, 2012
Pachyhynobius shangchengensis Fei, Qu and Wu, 1983
Pachytriton airobranchiatus Li, Yuan, Li and Wu, 2018
Pachytriton archospotus Shen, Shen and Mo, 2008
Pachytriton brevipes (Sauvage, 1876)
Pachytriton changi Nishikawa, Matsui and Jiang, 2012
Pachytriton feii Nishikawa, Jiang and Matsui, 2011
Pachytriton granulosus Chang, 1933
Pachytriton inexpectatus Nishikawa, Jiang, Matsui and Mo, 2011
Pachytriton moi Nishikawa, Jiang and Matsui, 2011
Pachytriton wuguanfui Yuan, Zhang and Che, 2016
Pachytriton xanthospilos Wu, Wang and Hanken, 2012
Paradactylodon persicus (Eiselt and Steiner, 1970)
Paramesotriton aurantius Yuan, Wu, Zhou and Che, 2016
Paramesotriton caudopunctatus (Liu and Hu in Hu, Zhao and Liu, 1973)
Paramesotriton chinensis (Gray, 1859)
Paramesotriton deloustali (Bourret, 1934)
Paramesotriton fuzhongensis Wen, 1989
Paramesotriton guangxiensis (Huang, Tang and Tang, 1983)
Paramesotriton hongkongensis (Myers and Leviton, 1962)
Paramesotriton labiatus (Unterstein, 1930)
Paramesotriton longliensis Li, Tian, Gu and Xiong, 2008
Paramesotriton maolanensis Gu, Chen, Tian, Li and Ran, 2012
Paramesotriton qixilingensis Yan, Zhao, Jiang, Hou, He, Murphy and Che, 2014
Paramesotriton wulingensis Wang, Tian and Gu, 2013
Paramesotriton yunwuensis Wu, Jiang and Hanken, 2010
Paramesotriton zhijinensis Li, Tian and Gu, 2008
Parvimolge townsendi (Dunn, 1922)
Phaeognathus hubrichti Highton, 1961
Plethodon albagula Grobman, 1944
Plethodon amplus Highton and Peabody, 2000
Plethodon angusticlavius Grobman, 1944
Plethodon asupak Mead, Clayton, Nauman, Olson and Pfrender, 2005
Plethodon aureolus Highton, 1984
Plethodon caddoensis Pope and Pope, 1951
Plethodon chattahoochee Highton in Highton, Maha and Maxson, 1989
Plethodon cheoah Highton and Peabody, 2000
Plethodon chlorobryonis Mittleman, 1951
Plethodon cinereus (Green, 1818)
Plethodon cylindraceus (Harlan, 1825)
Plethodon dixi Pope and Fowler, 1949
Plethodon dorsalis Cope, 1889
Plethodon dunni Bishop, 1934
Plethodon electromorphus Highton, 1999
Plethodon elongatus Van Denburgh, 1916
Plethodon fourchensis Duncan and Highton, 1979
Plethodon glutinosus (Green, 1818)
Plethodon grobmani Allen and Neill, 1949
Plethodon hoffmani Highton, 1972
Plethodon hubrichti Thurow, 1957
Plethodon idahoensis Slater and Slipp, 1940
Plethodon jacksoni Newman, 1954
Plethodon jordani Blatchley, 1901
Plethodon kentucki Mittleman, 1951
Plethodon kiamichi Highton in Highton, Maha and Maxson, 1989
Plethodon kisatchie Highton in Highton, Maha and Maxson, 1989
Plethodon larselli Burns, 1954
Plethodon meridianus Highton and Peabody, 2000
Plethodon metcalfi Brimley, 1912
Plethodon mississippi Highton in Highton, Maha and Maxson, 1989
Plethodon montanus Highton and Peabody, 2000
Plethodon neomexicanus Stebbins and Riemer, 1950
Plethodon nettingi Green, 1938
Plethodon ocmulgee Highton in Highton, Maha and Maxson, 1989
Plethodon ouachitae Dunn and Heinze, 1933
Plethodon pauleyi Felix, Wooten, Pierson and Camp, 2019
Plethodon petraeus Wynn, Highton and Jacobs, 1988
Plethodon punctatus Highton, 1972
Plethodon richmondi Netting and Mittleman, 1938
Plethodon savannah Highton in Highton, Maha and Maxson, 1989
Plethodon sequoyah Highton in Highton, Maha and Maxson, 1989
Plethodon serratus Grobman, 1944
Plethodon shenandoah Highton and Worthington, 1967
Plethodon sherando Highton, 2004
Plethodon shermani Stejneger, 1906
Plethodon stormi Highton and Brame, 1965
Plethodon teyahalee Hairston, 1950
Plethodon vandykei Van Denburgh, 1906
Plethodon variolatus (Gilliams, 1818)
Plethodon vehiculum (Cooper, 1860)
Plethodon ventralis Highton, 1997
Plethodon virginia Highton, 1999
Plethodon websteri Highton, 1979
Plethodon wehrlei Fowler and Dunn, 1917
Plethodon welleri Walker, 1931
Plethodon yonahlossee Dunn, 1917
Pleurodeles nebulosus (Guichenot, 1850)
Pleurodeles poireti (Gervais, 1835)
Pleurodeles waltl Michahelles, 1830
Proteus anguinus Laurenti, 1768
Pseudobranchus axanthus Netting and Goin, 1942
Pseudobranchus striatus (LeConte, 1824)
Pseudoeurycea ahuitzotl Adler, 1996
Pseudoeurycea altamontana (Taylor, 1939)
Pseudoeurycea amuzga Pérez-Ramos and Saldaña de la Riva, 2003
Pseudoeurycea anitae Bogert, 1967
Pseudoeurycea aquatica Wake and Campbell, 2001
Pseudoeurycea aurantia Canseco-Márquez and Parra-Olea, 2003
Pseudoeurycea brunnata Bumzahem and Smith, 1955
Pseudoeurycea cochranae (Taylor, 1943)
Pseudoeurycea conanti Bogert, 1967
Pseudoeurycea exspectata Stuart, 1954
Pseudoeurycea firscheini Shannon and Werler, 1955
Pseudoeurycea gadovii (Dunn, 1926)
Pseudoeurycea goebeli (Schmidt, 1936)
Pseudoeurycea juarezi Regal, 1966
Pseudoeurycea kuautli Campbell, Brodie, Blancas-Hernández and Smith, 2013
Pseudoeurycea leprosa (Cope, 1869)
Pseudoeurycea lineola (Cope, 1865)
Pseudoeurycea longicauda Lynch, Wake and Yang, 1983
Pseudoeurycea lynchi Parra-Olea, Papenfuss and Wake, 2001
Pseudoeurycea melanomolga (Taylor, 1941)
Pseudoeurycea mixcoatl Adler, 1996
Pseudoeurycea mixteca Canseco-Márquez and Gutiérrez-Mayén, 2005
Pseudoeurycea mystax Bogert, 1967
Pseudoeurycea nigromaculata (Taylor, 1941)
Pseudoeurycea obesa Parra-Olea, García-París, Hanken and Wake, 2005
Pseudoeurycea orchileucos (Brodie, Mendelson and Campbell, 2002)
Pseudoeurycea orchimelas (Brodie, Mendelson and Campbell, 2002)
Pseudoeurycea papenfussi Parra-Olea, García-París, Hanken and Wake, 2005
Pseudoeurycea rex (Dunn, 1921)
Pseudoeurycea robertsi (Taylor, 1939)
Pseudoeurycea ruficauda Parra-Olea, García-París, Hanken and Wake, 2004
Pseudoeurycea saltator Lynch and Wake, 1989
Pseudoeurycea smithi (Taylor, 1939)
Pseudoeurycea tenchalli Adler, 1996
Pseudoeurycea teotepec Adler, 1996
Pseudoeurycea tlahcuiloh Adler, 1996
Pseudoeurycea tlilicxitl Lara-Góngora, 2003
Pseudoeurycea unguidentis (Taylor, 1941)
Pseudoeurycea werleri Darling and Smith, 1954
Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus (Hu and Fei in Hu, Fei and Ye, 1978)
Pseudohynobius guizhouensis Li, Tian and Gu, 2010
Pseudohynobius jinfo Wei, Xiong and Zeng, 2009
Pseudohynobius kuankuoshuiensis Xu and Zeng in Xu, Zeng and Fu, 2007
Pseudohynobius puxiongensis (Fei and Ye, 2000)
Pseudohynobius shuichengensis Tian, Gu, Li, Sun and Li, 1998
Pseudotriton diastictus Bishop, 1941
Pseudotriton montanus Baird, 1850
Pseudotriton ruber (Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille, 1801)
Ranodon sibiricus Kessler, 1866
Rhyacotriton cascadae Good and Wake, 1992
Rhyacotriton kezeri Good and Wake, 1992
Rhyacotriton olympicus (Gaige, 1917)
Rhyacotriton variegatus Stebbins and Lowe, 1951
Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883
Salamandra atra Laurenti, 1768
Salamandra corsica Savi, 1838
Salamandra infraimmaculata Martens, 1885
Salamandra lanzai Nascetti, Andreone, Capula and Bullini, 1988
Salamandra longirostris Joger and Steinfartz, 1994
Salamandra salamandra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Salamandrella keyserlingii Dybowski, 1870
Salamandrella tridactyla Nikolskii, 1905
Salamandrina perspicillata (Savi, 1821)
Salamandrina terdigitata (Bonnaterre, 1789)
Siren intermedia Barnes, 1826
Siren lacertina Österdam, 1766
Siren reticulata Graham, Kline, Steen and Kelehear, 2018
Speleomantes ambrosii (Lanza, 1955)
Speleomantes flavus (Stefani, 1969)
Speleomantes genei (Temminck and Schlegel, 1838)
Speleomantes imperialis (Stefani, 1969)
Speleomantes italicus (Dunn, 1923)
Speleomantes sarrabusensis Lanza, Leo, Forti, Cimmaruta, Caputo and Nascetti, 2001
Speleomantes strinatii (Aellen, 1958)
Speleomantes supramontis (Lanza, Nascetti and Bullini, 1986)
Stereochilus marginatus (Hallowell, 1856)
Taricha granulosa (Skilton, 1849)
Taricha rivularis (Twitty, 1935)
Taricha sierrae (Twitty, 1942)
Taricha torosa (Rathke, 1833)
Thorius adelos (Papenfuss and Wake, 1987)
Thorius arboreus Hanken and Wake, 1994
Thorius aureus Hanken and Wake, 1994
Thorius boreas Hanken and Wake, 1994
Thorius dubitus Taylor, 1941
Thorius grandis Hanken, Wake and Freeman, 1999
Thorius hankeni Campbell, Brodie, Flores-Villela and Smith, 2014
Thorius infernalis Hanken, Wake and Freeman, 1999
Thorius insperatus Hanken and Wake, 1994
Thorius longicaudus Parra-Olea, Rovito, García-París, Maisano, Wake and Hanken, 2016
Thorius lunaris Hanken and Wake, 1998
Thorius macdougalli Taylor, 1949
Thorius magnipes Hanken and Wake, 1998
Thorius maxillabrochus Gehlbach, 1959
Thorius minutissimus Taylor, 1949
Thorius minydemus Hanken and Wake, 1998
Thorius munificus Hanken and Wake, 1998
Thorius narismagnus Shannon and Werler, 1955
Thorius narisovalis Taylor, 1940
Thorius omiltemi Hanken, Wake and Freeman, 1999
Thorius papaloae Hanken and Wake, 2001
Thorius pennatulus Cope, 1869
Thorius pinicola Parra-Olea, Rovito, García-París, Maisano, Wake and Hanken, 2016
Thorius pulmonaris Taylor, 1940
Thorius schmidti Gehlbach, 1959
Thorius smithi Hanken and Wake, 1994
Thorius spilogaster Hanken and Wake, 1998
Thorius tlaxiacus Parra-Olea, Rovito, García-París, Maisano, Wake and Hanken, 2016
Thorius troglodytes Taylor, 1941
Triturus anatolicus Wielstra and Arntzen, 2016
Triturus carnifex (Laurenti, 1768)
Triturus cristatus (Laurenti, 1768)
Triturus dobrogicus (Kiritzescu, 1903)
Triturus ivanbureschi Arntzen and Wielstra in Wielstra, Litvinchuk, Naumov, Tzankov and Arntzen, 2013
Triturus karelinii (Strauch, 1870)
Triturus macedonicus (Karaman, 1922)
Triturus marmoratus (Latreille, 1800)
Triturus pygmaeus (Wolterstorff, 1905)
Tylototriton anguliceps Le, Nguyen, Nishikawa, Nguyen, Pham, Matsui, Bernardes and Nguyen, 2015
Tylototriton anhuiensis Qian, Sun, Li, Guo, Pan, Kang, Wang, Jiang, Wu and Zhang, 2017
Tylototriton asperrimus Unterstein, 1930
Tylototriton broadoridgus Shen, Jiang and Mo, 2012
Tylototriton dabienicus Chen, Wang and Tao, 2010
Tylototriton hainanensis Fei, Ye and Yang, 1984
Tylototriton himalayanus Khatiwada, Wang, Ghimire, Vasudevan, Paudel and Jiang, 2015
Tylototriton kachinorum Zaw, Lay, Pawangkhanant, Gorin and Poyarkov, 2019
Tylototriton kweichowensis Fang and Chang, 1932
Tylototriton liuyangensis Yang, Jiang, Shen and Fei, 2014
Tylototriton lizhengchangi Hou, Zhang, Jiang, Li and Lu in Hou, Li and Lü, 2012
Tylototriton ngarsuensis Grismer, Wood, Quah, Thura, Espinoza, Grismer, Murdoch and Lin, 2018
Tylototriton notialis Stuart, Phimmachak, Sivongxay and Robichaud, 2010
Tylototriton panhai Nishikawa, Khonsue, Pomchote and Matsui, 2013
Tylototriton podichthys Phimmachak, Aowphol and Stuart, 2015
Tylototriton pseudoverrucosus Hou, Gu, Zhang, Zeng and Lu in Hou, Li and Lü, 2012
Tylototriton shanjing Nussbaum, Brodie and Yang, 1995
Tylototriton shanorum Nishikawa, Matsui and Rao, 2014
Tylototriton taliangensis Liu, 1950
Tylototriton uyenoi Nishikawa, Khonsue, Pomchote and Matsui, 2013
Tylototriton verrucosus Anderson, 1871
Tylototriton vietnamensis Böhme, Schöttler, Nguyen and Köhler, 2005
Tylototriton wenxianensis Fei, Ye and Yang, 1984
Tylototriton yangi Hou, Zhang, Zhou, Li and Lu in Hou, Li and Lü, 2012
Tylototriton ziegleri Nishikawa, Matsui and Nguyen, 2013
Urspelerpes brucei Camp, Peterman, Milanovich, Lamb, Maerz and Wake, 2009

Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]

^ Anderson, J. S. (2012). „Fossils, molecules, divergence times, and the origin of Salamandroidea”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (15): 5557—5558. PMC 3326514 . PMID 22460794. doi:10.1073/pnas.1202491109.

Literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]

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Cott, Hugh B. (1940). Adaptive Coloration in Animals. Oxford University Press.
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