Karaši
| Karaši | |
|---|---|
| |
| Karaš (Carassius carassius) | |
Naučna klasifikacija 
| |
| Domen: | Eukaryota |
| Carstvo: | Animalia |
| Tip: | Chordata |
| Klasa: | Actinopterygii |
| Red: | Cypriniformes |
| Porodica: | Cyprinidae |
| Potporodica: | Cyprininae |
| Rod: | Carassius Nilsson, 1832 |
| Tipska vrsta | |
| Carassius carassius | |
Karaši (Carassius)[1] je rod u porodici zrakoperki šarana.[2][3] Većina vrsta ovog roda je poznata kao karaš, iako se ovaj termin često specifično odnosi na C. carassius. Najpoznatija je zlatna ribica (C. auratus). Oni imaju evroazijsku distribuciju, te se oblast iz koje potiču očigledno nalazi zapadnije od postojbine pravih šarana (Ciprinus)[1], koji uključuju običnog šarana (C. carpio).
Vrste ovog roda nisu naročito blisko srodne sa pravim šaranima roda Cyprinus, već formiraju bazalnu lozu podfamilije Cyprininae.[4]
Vrste[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) (zlatni karaš)[5][6][7].[8]
- Carassius auratus grandoculis Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (okrugli karaš)
- Carassius auratus buergeri Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (kimbuna)
- Carassius auratus podvrsta 1 (pruski karaš širokog lica/nagabuna)
- Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758) (karaš)[9][10][11]
- Carassius cuvieri Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (japanski beli karaš)[12][13]
- Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) (babuška)[14][15][16][17][18]
- Carassius langsdorfii Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (ginbuna)
Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]
- ^ a b Živadin Simić (1991). Gajenje akvarijumskih riba. Beograd: Građevinska knjiga.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel; ur. (2015). "Cyprinidae" na Fiš bejsu. [verzija na datum: Jul 2015]
- ^ Eschmeyer, W.N.; Fong, J.D. (2015). „Species by family/subfamily”. Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Science. Pristupljeno 2. 7. 2015.
- ^ De Graaf, Martin; Megens, Hendrik-Jan; Samallo, Johannis; Sibbing, Ferdinand (2007). „Evolutionary origin of Lake Tana's (Ethiopia) small Barbus species: Indications of rapid ecological divergence and speciation”. Animal Biology. 57: 39—48. doi:10.1163/157075607780002069.
- ^ Huckstorf, V.; Freyhof, J. (2013). „Carassius auratus”. Crveni spisak ugroženih vrsta IUCN. IUCN. 2013: e.T166083A1110472. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T166083A1110472.en
. Pristupljeno 13. 11. 2021.
- ^ „USGS-NAS, Non-indigenous Aquatic Species”. Pristupljeno 2015-04-29.
- ^ „Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)”. Fishbase. Pristupljeno 2015-04-29.
- ^ Helmore, Edward (12. 7. 2021). „Goldfish dumped in lakes grow to monstrous size, threatening ecosystems”. The Guardian. Arhivirano iz originala 13. 7. 2021. g.
- ^ Freyhof, J.; Kottelat, M. (2008). „Carassius carassius”. Crveni spisak ugroženih vrsta IUCN. IUCN. 2008: e.T3849A10117321. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T3849A10117321.en . Pristupljeno 12. 11. 2021.
- ^ „Synonyms of Carassius carassius Linnaeus, 1758”. Fishbase. Pristupljeno 19. 9. 2017.
- ^ Brönmark, Christer; Miner, Jeffrey G. (1992-11-20). „Predator-Induced Phenotypical Change in Body Morphology in Crucian Carp”. Science. 258 (5086): 1348—1350. Bibcode:1992Sci...258.1348B. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17778362. S2CID 36624154. doi:10.1126/science.258.5086.1348.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel; ur. (2018). Carassius cuvieri” na FishBase-u. [verzija na datum: may 2018]
- ^ Shao, Kwang-Tsao. „Carassius cuvieri”. The Fish Database of Taiwan. WWW Web electronic publication. Version 2009/1. Pristupljeno 28. 11. 2012.
- ^ „Carassius gibelio, Prussian carp : fisheries”. www.fishbase.se. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2023.
- ^ „Carassius gibelio, Prussian carp : fisheries”. www.fishbase.in.
- ^ „Data Use Agreement - GBIF Portal”. Data.gbif.org. 2007-02-22. Pristupljeno 2010-07-29.
- ^ „Archived copy” (PDF). Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 2010-08-12. g. Pristupljeno 2009-04-28.
- ^ Brykov, Vl. A.; Polyakova, N. E.; Skurikhina, L. A.; Dolganov, S. M.; Eliseikina, M. G.; Kovalev, M. Yu. (2002). „Journal Article”. Russian Journal of Genetics. SpringerLink. 38 (10): 1176—1180. S2CID 11234180. doi:10.1023/A:1020604905154.
Literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]
- MacMahon, Alexander Francis Magri (1946). Fishlore: British Freshwater Fishes. Pelican Books. 161. Penguin Books.
- Riehl, R.; Baensch, H. (1996). Aquarium Atlas Volume 1. Voyageur Press. str. 410.
- Helfman, Gene S.; Collette, Bruce B.; Facey, Douglas E. (1997). The diversity of fishes. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Science. str. 228. ISBN 978-0-86542-256-8. OCLC 299475257.
- He, Shunping; Mayden, Richard L.; Wang, Xuzheng; Wang, Wei; Tang, Kevin L.; Chen, Wei-Jen; Chen, Yiyu (2008). „Molecular phylogenetics of the family Cyprinidae (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes) as evidenced by sequence variation in the first intron of S7 ribosomal protein-coding gene: Further evidence from a nuclear gene of the systematic chaos in the family” (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 46 (3): 818—29. PMID 18203625. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.06.001. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 11. 08. 2011. g. Pristupljeno 20. 07. 2019.
- He, Shunping; Gu, Xun; Mayden, Richard L.; Chen, Wei-Jen; Conway, Kevin W.; Chen, Yiyu (2008). „Phylogenetic position of the enigmatic genus Psilorhynchus (Ostariophysi: Cypriniformes): Evidence from the mitochondrial genome” (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 47 (1): 419—25. PMID 18053751. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.10.012. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 29. 07. 2020. g. Pristupljeno 20. 07. 2019.
- Howes, G.I. (1991). „Systematics and biogeography: an overview”. Ur.: Winfield, I.J.; Nelson, J.S. Biology of Cyprinids. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd. str. 1—33.
- Tao, Wenjing; Mayden, Richard L.; He, Shunping (mart 2013). „Remarkable phylogenetic resolution of the most complex clade of Cyprinidae (Teleostei: Cypriniformes): A proof of concept of homology assessment and partitioning sequence data integrated with mixed model Bayesian analyses”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 66 (3): 603—616. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 23044401. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.09.024.
- Betancur-Rodriguez, Ricardo; Edward O. Wiley; Gloria Arratia; Arturo Acero; Nicolas Bailly; Masaki Miya; Guillaume Lecointre; Guillermo Ortí (2017). „Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes”. BMC Evolutionary Biology (4 izd.). 17 (162). PMID 28683774. S2CID 255792606. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 04. 10. 2017. g. Pristupljeno 22. 12. 2017.
- Lei Yang; Tetsuya Sado; M. Vincent Hirt; Emmanuel Pasco-Viel; M. Arunachalam; Junbing Li; Xuzhen Wang; Jörg Freyhof; Kenji Saitoh; Andrew M. Simons; Masaki Miya; Shunping He; Richard L. Mayden (2015). „Phylogeny and Polyploidy: Resolving the Classification of Cyprinine Fishes (Teleostei: Cypriniformes)”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 85 (February 2015): 97—116. PMID 25698355. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.01.014.
- van der Laan, Richard (decembar 2017). Freshwater fish list (PDF) (23rd izd.). str. 997. ISSN 2468-9157.
- Richards, Jeffrey G.; Farrell, Anthony Peter; Brauner, Colin J. (2009). Hypoxia. Academic Press. ISBN 9780080877990.
- Smartt, Joseph (2007), „A possible genetic basis for species replacement: preliminary results of interspecific hybridisation between native crucian carp Carassius carassius (L.) and introduced goldfish Carassius auratus (L.)” (PDF), Aquatic Invasions, 2 (1): 59—62, doi:10.3391/ai.2007.2.1.7
- Wellby, Ian; Girdler, Ash; Welcomme, Robin (2010). Fisheries Management: A Manual for Still-Water Coarse Fisheries. John Wiley & Sons. str. 49. ISBN 978-1-4051-3332-6.
- Roots, Clive (2007). Domestication. Westport: Greenwood Press. str. 20—21. ISBN 978-0-313-33987-5.
- Brunner, Bernd (2003). The Ocean at Home
. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 978-1-56898-502-2. - Mulertt, Hugo (1883). The Goldfish And Its Systematic Culture With A View To Profit. Cincinnati [McDonald & Eick, print.] Pristupljeno 2009-07-07.
- Laboratory, NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research. „NOAA National Center for Research on Aquatic Invasive Species (NCRAIS)”. nas.er.usgs.gov. Pristupljeno 16. 12. 2020.
- Komiyama, Tomoyoshi; Hiroyuki Kobayashi; Yoshio Tateno; Hidetoshi Inoko; Takashi Gojobori; Kazuho Ikeo (februar 2009). „An evolutionary origin and selection process of goldfish”. Gene. 430 (1–2): 5—11. PMID 19027055. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2008.10.019.
- Les Pearce. „Common Gold Fish”. Aquarticles. Arhivirano iz originala 28. 5. 2006. g. Pristupljeno 20. 6. 2006.
- Wang, Shu-Yan; Jing Luo; Robert W. Murphy; Shi-Fang Wu; Chu-Ling Zhu; Yun Gao; Ya-Ping Zhang (19. 3. 2013). „Origin of Chinese Goldfish and Sequential Loss of Genetic Diversity Accompanies New Breeds”. PLOS ONE. 430 (3): e59571. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...859571W. PMC 3602300 . PMID 23527220. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059571 .
- Neumeyer, C. (2003). „Color Vision in Fishes and Its Neural Basis”. Ur.: Collin, S.P.; Marshall, N.J. Sensory Processing in Aquatic Environments. New York: Springer-Verlag. str. 223. ISBN 9780387955278.
- Walker, R. M.; Johansen, P. H. (1977). „Walker, R. M., & Johansen, P. H. (1977). Anaerobic metabolism in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 55(8), 1304–1311.. [[Digitalni identifikator objekta|doi]]:[//doi.org/10.1139%2Fz77-170 10.1139/z77-170]. Nedostaje ili je prazan parametar
|title=([[Pomoć:CS1 greške#citation_missing_title|pomoć]])[[Kategorija:Stranice sa izvorima bez naslova]].”. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 55 (8): 1304—11. PMID 902178. doi:10.1139/z77-170. Spoljašnja veza u|title=(pomoć); Sukob URL—vikiveza (pomoć) - Fagernes, C. E.; Stensløkken, K. O.; Berenbrink, M.; Ellefsen, S.; Nilsson, G. E. (2017). „Fagernes, C.E., Stensløkken, K., Røhr, Å.K. et al. Extreme anoxia tolerance in crucian carp and goldfish through neofunctionalization of duplicated genes creating a new ethanol-producing pyruvate decarboxylase pathway. Sci Rep 7, 7884 (2017).. [[Digitalni identifikator objekta|doi]]:[//doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41598-017-07385-4 10.1038/s41598-017-07385-4]. Nedostaje ili je prazan parametar
|title=([[Pomoć:CS1 greške#citation_missing_title|pomoć]])[[Kategorija:Stranice sa izvorima bez naslova]].”. Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 7884. PMC 5554223. PMID 28801642. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07385-4. Spoljašnja veza u |title=(pomoć); Sukob URL—vikiveza (pomoć) - Tweedley, James R.; Hallett, Chris S.; Beatty, Stephen J. (septembar 2017). „Tweedley, J.R., Hallett, C.S. & Beatty, S.J. Baseline survey of the fish fauna of a highly eutrophic estuary and evidence for its colonisation by Goldfish (Carassius auratus). Int Aquat Res 9, 259–270 (2017).. doi:10.1007/s40071-017-0174-1. Nedostaje ili je prazan parametar
|title=(pomoć).”. International Aquatic Research. 9 (3): 259—270. S2CID 59358196. doi:10.1007/s40071-017-0174-1. Spoljašnja veza u |title=(pomoć)
Spoljašnje veze[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Fact sheet, taxonomic details, distribution maps, slideshow, and images of Carassius carassius at ZipcodeZoo.com.
- Fish Holds Breath for Months
- How carp 'hold their breath' through winter - New Scientist
| Normativna kontrola: Državne |
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