Diprotodontia
| Diprotodontia[1] Vremenski raspon: Kasni oligocen – sadašnjost
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Naučna klasifikacija 
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| Domen: | Eukaryota |
| Carstvo: | Animalia |
| Tip: | Chordata |
| Klasa: | Mammalia |
| Infraklasa: | Marsupialia |
| Nadred: | Australidelphia |
| Red: | Diprotodontia Owen, 1866 |
| Podredovi | |
Diprotodontia je red sa oko 155 vrsta[2] torbarskih sisara uključujući kengure, valabije, posume, koale, vombate, i mnoge druge. Neki od izumrlih pripadnika reda su Diprotodon veličine nosoroga, i Thylacoleo, takozvani „torbarski lav”.
Karakteristike
[уреди | уреди извор]
Skoro svi postojeći diprotodonti su biljojedi, kao što je bio slučaj i sa većinom sa izumrlih vrsta. Poznato je nekoliko insektivornih i omnivoronih diprotodonta, i Potoridae koji su skoro jedinstveni među kičmenjacima po tome što su uglavnom fungivorni, mada izgleda da su oni nastali kao relativno nedavne adaptacije iz biljnog biljnog načina života. Izumrli tilakoleonidi („torbarski lavovi”) su jedina poznata grupa koja je u velikoj meri ispoljavala karnivoriju.
Fosilni zapis
[уреди | уреди извор]Najraniji poznati fosil Diprotodontia datira iz kasnog oligocena (pre 23,03 - 28,4 miliona godina), a najranija vrsta koja se može identifikovati je Hypsiprymnodon bartholomaii iz ranog miocena.[3]
Klasifikacija
[уреди | уреди извор]Do nedavno su postojala samo dva podreda u Diprotodontia: Vombatiformes koji su obuhvata vombate i koale, i Phalangerida koji je sadržavao sve ostale porodice. Kirsch et al. (1997) su porodice podelili u tri podreda. Pored toga, šest porodica Phalangeriformes je podeljeno je u dve nadfamilije.
Red Diprotodontia
- Suborder Vombatiformes
- Family Vombatidae: vombati (tri vrste)
- Family Phascolarctidae: koala (jedna vrsta)
- Family †Ilariidae
- Family †Maradidae
- Family †Diprotodontidae
- Family †Palorchestidae
- Family †Thylacoleonidae[4]
- Family †Wynyardiidae
- Suborder Phalangeriformes
- Superfamily Phalangeroidea
- Family Phalangeridae
- Family Burramyidae
- Family †Ektopodontidae
- Superfamily Petauroidea
- Family Tarsipedidae
- Family Petauridae
- Family Pseudocheiridae
- Family Acrobatidae
- Superfamily Phalangeroidea
- Suborder Macropodiformes
- Family †Balbaridae
- Family Macropodidae
- Family Potoroidae
- Family Hypsiprymnodontidae
† označava izumrlu porodicu, rod ili vrstu.
Rodovi
[уреди | уреди извор]- Acrobates Desmarest, 1818
- Aepyprymnus Garrod, 1875
- Ailurops Wagler, 1830
- Bettongia Gray, 1837
- Burramys Broom, 1896
- Caloprymnus Thomas, 1888
- Cercartetus Gloger, 1841
- Dactylopsila Gray, 1858
- Dendrolagus Müller, 1840
- Distoechurus Peters, 1874
- Dorcopsis Schlegel and Müller, 1845
- Dorcopsulus Matschie, 1916
- Gymnobelideus McCoy, 1867
- Hemibelideus Collett, 1884
- Hypsiprymnodon Ramsay, 1876
- Lagorchestes Gould, 1841
- Lagostrophus Thomas, 1886
- Lasiorhinus Gray, 1863
- Macropus Shaw, 1790
- Onychogalea Gray, 1841
- Petauroides Thomas, 1888
- Petaurus Shaw, 1791
- Petrogale Gray, 1837
- Petropseudes Thomas, 1923
- Phalanger Storr, 1780
- Phascolarctos de Blainville, 1816
- Potorous Desmarest, 1804
- Pseudocheirus Ogilby, 1837
- Pseudochirops Matschie, 1915
- Pseudochirulus Matschie, 1915
- Setonix Lesson, 1842
- Spilocuscus Gray, 1861
- Strigocuscus Gray, 1861
- Tarsipes Gervais and Verreaux, 1842
- Thylogale Gray, 1837
- Trichosurus Lesson, 1828
- Vombatus É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803
- Wallabia Trouessart, 1905
- Wyulda Alexander, 1918
Vrste
[уреди | уреди извор]- Acrobates pygmaeus (Shaw, 1793)
- Aepyprymnus rufescens (Gray, 1837)
- Ailurops melanotis (Thomas, 1898)
- Ailurops ursinus (Temminck, 1824)
- Bettongia gaimardi (Desmarest, 1822)
- Bettongia lesueur (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824)
- Bettongia penicillata Gray, 1837
- Bettongia tropica Wakefield, 1967
- Burramys parvus Broom, 1896
- Caloprymnus campestris (Gould, 1843)
- Cercartetus caudatus (Milne-Edwards, 1877)
- Cercartetus concinnus (Gould, 1845)
- Cercartetus lepidus (Thomas, 1888)
- Cercartetus nanus (Desmarest, 1818)
- Dactylopsila megalura Rothschild and Dollman, 1932
- Dactylopsila palpator Milne-Edwards, 1888
- Dactylopsila tatei Laurie, 1952
- Dactylopsila trivirgata Gray, 1858
- Dendrolagus bennettianus De Vis, 1886
- Dendrolagus dorianus Ramsay, 1883
- Dendrolagus goodfellowi Thomas, 1908
- Dendrolagus inustus Müller, 1840
- Dendrolagus lumholtzi Collett, 1884
- Dendrolagus matschiei Forster and Rothschild, 1907
- Dendrolagus mbaiso Flannery, Boeadi and Szalay, 1995
- Dendrolagus pulcherrimus Flannery, 1993
- Dendrolagus scottae Flannery and Seri, 1990
- Dendrolagus spadix Troughton and Le Souef, 1936
- Dendrolagus stellarum Flannery and Seri, 1990
- Dendrolagus ursinus (Temminck, 1836)
- Distoechurus pennatus Peters, 1874
- Dorcopsis atrata Van Deusen, 1957
- Dorcopsis hageni Heller, 1897
- Dorcopsis luctuosa (D'Albertis, 1874)
- Dorcopsis muelleri (Lesson, 1827)
- Dorcopsulus macleayi (Miklouho-Maclay, 1885)
- Dorcopsulus vanheurni (Thomas, 1922)
- Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, 1867
- Hemibelideus lemuroides (Collett, 1884)
- Hypsiprymnodon moschatus Ramsay, 1876
- Lagorchestes asomatus Finlayson, 1943
- Lagorchestes conspicillatus Gould, 1841
- Lagorchestes hirsutus Gould, 1844
- Lagorchestes leporides (Gould, 1840)
- Lagostrophus fasciatus (Peron and Lesueur, 1807)
- Lasiorhinus krefftii (Owen, 1873)
- Lasiorhinus latifrons (Owen, 1845)
- Macropus agilis (Gould, 1841)
- Macropus antilopinus (Gould, 1841)
- Macropus bernardus W. Rothschild, 1904
- Macropus dorsalis (Gray, 1837)
- Macropus eugenii (Desmarest, 1817)
- Macropus fuliginosus (Desmarest, 1817)
- Macropus giganteus Shaw, 1790
- Macropus greyi Waterhouse, 1846
- Macropus irma (Jourdan, 1837)
- Macropus parma Waterhouse, 1846
- Macropus parryi Bennett, 1834
- Macropus robustus Gould, 1840
- Macropus rufogriseus (Desmarest, 1817)
- Macropus rufus (Desmarest, 1822)
- Onychogalea fraenata (Gould, 1840)
- Onychogalea lunata (Gould, 1840)
- Onychogalea unguifera (Gould, 1840)
- Petauroides volans (Kerr, 1792)
- Petaurus abidi Ziegler, 1981
- Petaurus australis Shaw, 1791
- Petaurus biacensis Ulmer, 1940
- Petaurus breviceps Waterhouse, 1838
- Petaurus gracilis (de Vis, 1883)
- Petaurus norfolcensis (Kerr, 1792)
- Petrogale assimilis Ramsay, 1877
- Petrogale brachyotis (Gould, 1840)
- Petrogale burbidgei Kitchener and Sanson, 1978
- Petrogale coenensis Eldredge and Close, 1992
- Petrogale concinna Gould, 1842
- Petrogale godmani Thomas, 1923
- Petrogale herberti Thomas, 1926
- Petrogale inornata Gould, 1842
- Petrogale lateralis Gould, 1842
- Petrogale mareeba Eldredge and Close, 1992
- Petrogale penicillata (Gray, 1827)
- Petrogale persephone Maynes, 1982
- Petrogale purpureicollis Le Souef, 1924
- Petrogale rothschildi Thomas, 1904
- Petrogale sharmani Eldredge and Close, 1992
- Petrogale xanthopus Gray, 1854
- Petropseudes dahli (Collett, 1895)
- Phalanger alexandrae Flannery and Boeadi, 1995
- Phalanger carmelitae Thomas, 1898
- Phalanger gymnotis Peters and Doria, 1875
- Phalanger intercastellanus Thomas, 1895
- Phalanger lullulae Thomas, 1896
- Phalanger matabiru Flannery and Boeadi, 1995
- Phalanger matanim Flannery, 1987
- Phalanger mimicus Thomas, 1922
- Phalanger orientalis (Pallas, 1766)
- Phalanger ornatus (Gray, 1860)
- Phalanger rothschildi Thomas, 1898
- Phalanger sericeus Thomas, 1907
- Phalanger vestitus (Milne-Edwards, 1877)
- Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817)
- Potorous gilbertii (Gould, 1841)
- Potorous longipes Seebeck and Johnston, 1980
- Potorous platyops (Gould, 1844)
- Potorous tridactylus (Kerr, 1792)
- Pseudocheirus peregrinus (Boddaert, 1785)
- Pseudochirops albertisii (Peters, 1874)
- Pseudochirops archeri (Collett, 1884)
- Pseudochirops corinnae (Thomas, 1897)
- Pseudochirops coronatus (Thomas, 1897)
- Pseudochirops cupreus (Thomas, 1897)
- Pseudochirulus canescens (Waterhouse, 1846)
- Pseudochirulus caroli (Thomas, 1921)
- Pseudochirulus cinereus Tate, 1945
- Pseudochirulus forbesi (Thomas, 1887)
- Pseudochirulus herbertensis (Collett, 1884)
- Pseudochirulus larvatus (Förster and Rothschild, 1911)
- Pseudochirulus mayeri (Rothschild and Dollman, 1932)
- Pseudochirulus schlegeli (Jentink, 1884)
- Setonix brachyurus (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830)
- Spilocuscus kraemeri (Schwarz, 1910)
- Spilocuscus maculatus (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803)
- Spilocuscus papuensis (Desmarest, 1822)
- Spilocuscus rufoniger (Zimara, 1937)
- Strigocuscus celebensis (Gray, 1858)
- Strigocuscus pelengensis (Tate, 1945)
- Tarsipes rostratus Gervais and Verreaux, 1842
- Thylogale billardierii (Desmarest, 1822)
- Thylogale browni (Ramsay, 1887)
- Thylogale brunii (Schreber, 1778)
- Thylogale calabyi Flannery, 1992
- Thylogale lanatus (Thomas, 1922)
- Thylogale stigmatica (Gould, 1860)
- Thylogale thetis (Lesson, 1828)
- Trichosurus arnhemensis Collett, 1897
- Trichosurus caninus (Ogilby, 1835)
- Trichosurus cunninghami Lindenmayer, Dubach and Viggers, 2002
- Trichosurus johnstonii (Ramsay, 1888)
- Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr, 1792)
- Vombatus ursinus (Shaw, 1800)
- Wallabia bicolor (Desmarest, 1804)
- Wyulda squamicaudata Alexander, 1918
Podvrste
[уреди | уреди извор]- Ailurops ursinus flavissimus (Feiler, 1977)
- Ailurops ursinus furvus (Miller and Hollister, 1922)
- Ailurops ursinus togianus (Tate, 1945)
- Ailurops ursinus ursinus (Temminck, 1824)
- Cercartetus caudatus caudatus (Milne-Edwards, 1877)
- Cercartetus caudatus macrurus (Mjöberg, 1916)
- Cercartetus concinnus concinnus (Gould, 1845)
- Cercartetus concinnus minor Wakefield, 1963
- Cercartetus nanus nanus (Desmarest, 1818)
- Cercartetus nanus unicolor (Krefft, 1863)
- Dactylopsila trivirgata kataui Matschie, 1916
- Dactylopsila trivirgata melampus Thomas, 1908
- Dactylopsila trivirgata picata Thomas, 1908
- Dactylopsila trivirgata trivirgata Gray, 1858
- Dendrolagus dorianus dorianus Ramsay, 1883
- Dendrolagus dorianus mayri Rothschild and Dollman, 1933
- Dendrolagus dorianus notatus Matschie, 1916
- Dendrolagus goodfellowi buergersi Matschie, 1912
- Dendrolagus goodfellowi goodfellowi Thomas, 1908
- Dendrolagus inustus finschi Matschie, 1916
- Dendrolagus inustus inustus Müller, 1840
- Dorcopsis luctuosa luctuosa (D'Albertis, 1874)
- Dorcopsis luctuosa phyllis Groves and Flannery, 1989
- Dorcopsis muelleri lorentzii Jentink, 1908
- Dorcopsis muelleri muelleri (Lesson, 1827)
- Dorcopsis muelleri mysoliae Thomas, 1913
- Dorcopsis muelleri yapeni Groves and Flannery, 1989
- Lagostrophus fasciatus baudinettei Helgen and Flannery, 2003
- Lagostrophus fasciatus fasciatus (Peron and Lesueur, 1807)
- Lasiorhinus krefftii barnardi Longman, 1939
- Lasiorhinus krefftii gillespiei (DeVis, 1900)
- Lasiorhinus krefftii krefftii (Owen, 1873)
- Macropus agilis agilis (Gould, 1841)
- Macropus agilis jardinii (De Vis, 1884)
- Macropus agilis nigrescens Lönnber, 1913
- Macropus agilis papuanus Peters and Doria, 1875
- Macropus fuliginosus fuliginosus (Desmarest, 1817)
- Macropus fuliginosus melanops Gould, 1842
- Macropus fuliginosus ocydromus Gould, 1842
- Macropus giganteus giganteus Shaw, 1790
- Macropus giganteus tasmaniensis Le Souef, 1923
- Macropus robustus erubescens Sclater, 1870
- Macropus robustus isabellinus (Gould, 1842)
- Macropus robustus robustus Gould, 1840
- Macropus robustus woodwardi Thomas, 1901
- Macropus rufogriseus banksianus (Quoy and Gaimard, 1825)
- Macropus rufogriseus fruticus Ogilby, 1838
- Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus (Desmarest, 1817)
- Petauroides volans minor (Collett, 1887)
- Petauroides volans volans (Kerr, 1792)
- Petaurus australis australis Shaw, 1791
- Petaurus australis reginae Thomas, 1923
- Petaurus breviceps ariel (Gould, 1842)
- Petaurus breviceps breviceps Waterhouse, 1838
- Petaurus breviceps longicaudatus Longman, 1924
- Petaurus breviceps papuanus Thomas, 1888
- Petrogale lateralis hacketti Thomas, 1905
- Petrogale lateralis lateralis Gould, 1842
- Petrogale lateralis pearsoni Thomas, 1922
- Petrogale xanthopus celeris Le Souef, 1924
- Petrogale xanthopus xanthopus Gray, 1854
- Phalanger carmelitae carmelitae Thomas, 1898
- Phalanger carmelitae coccygis Thomas, 1922
- Phalanger gymnotis gymnotis Peters and Doria, 1875
- Phalanger gymnotis leucippus Thomas, 1898
- Phalanger mimicus mimicus Thomas, 1922
- Phalanger mimicus peninsulae Tate, 1945
- Phalanger orientalis breviceps (Thomas, 1888)
- Phalanger orientalis orientalis (Pallas, 1766)
- Phalanger sericeus occidentalis Menzies and Pernetta, 1986
- Phalanger sericeus sericeus Thomas, 1907
- Potorous tridactylus apicalis (Gould, 1851)
- Potorous tridactylus tridactylus (Kerr, 1792)
- Pseudocheirus peregrinus convolutor (Schinz, 1821)
- Pseudocheirus peregrinus occidentalis (Thomas, 1888)
- Pseudocheirus peregrinus peregrinus (Boddaert, 1785)
- Pseudocheirus peregrinus pulcher (Matschie, 1915)
- Pseudochirops albertisii albertisii (Peters, 1874)
- Pseudochirops albertisii insularis Stein, 1933
- Pseudochirops albertisii schultzei Matschie, 1915
- Pseudochirops corinnae argenteus (Förster, 1913)
- Pseudochirops corinnae corinnae (Thomas, 1897)
- Pseudochirops corinnae fuscus (Laurie, 1952)
- Pseudochirulus canescens avarus (Thomas, 1906)
- Pseudochirulus canescens bernsteini (Schlegel, 1866)
- Pseudochirulus canescens canescens (Waterhouse, 1846)
- Pseudochirulus canescens dammermani (Thomas, 1922)
- Pseudochirulus canescens gyrator (Thomas, 1904)
- Pseudochirulus caroli caroli (Thomas, 1921)
- Pseudochirulus caroli versteegi (Thomas, 1922)
- Spilocuscus maculatus chrysorrhous (Temminck, 1824)
- Spilocuscus maculatus goldiei (Ramsay, 1876)
- Spilocuscus maculatus maculatus (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803)
- Spilocuscus maculatus nudicaudatus (Gould, 1850)
- Strigocuscus celebensis celebensis (Gray, 1858)
- Strigocuscus celebensis feileri (Groves, 1987)
- Strigocuscus celebensis sangirensis Meyer, 1896
- Strigocuscus pelengensis mendeni (Feiler, 1978)
- Strigocuscus pelengensis pelengensis (Tate, 1945)
- Thylogale stigmatica coxenii (Gray, 1866)
- Thylogale stigmatica oriomo (Tate and Archbold, 1935)
- Thylogale stigmatica stigmatica (Gould, 1860)
- Thylogale stigmatica wilcoxi (McCoy, 1866)
Reference
[уреди | уреди извор]- ^ Groves, C.P. (2005). Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D. M., ур. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (на језику: енглески) (3 изд.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. стр. 43—70. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ Meredith, Robert W.; Westerman, Michael; Springer, Mark S. (26. 2. 2009). „A phylogeny of Diprotodontia (Marsupialia) based on sequences for five nuclear genes” (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 51: 554—571. PMID 19249373. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.02.009. Приступљено 5. 5. 2015.
- ^ „The Paleobiology Database”. Архивирано из оригинала 13. 03. 2012. г. Приступљено 27. 08. 2019.
- ^ Naish, Darren. „Of koalas and marsupial lions: the vombatiform radiation, part I”. Scientific American. Scientific American, Inc. Приступљено 24. 10. 2015.
Literatura
[уреди | уреди извор]- Kear, Benjamin P.; Cooke, Bernard N.; Archer, Michael; Flannery, Timothy F. (novembar 2007). „Implications of a new species of the Oligo-Miocene kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) Nambaroo, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia”. Journal of Paleontology. 81 (6): 1147—67. doi:10.1666/04-218.1.
Spoljašnje veze
[уреди | уреди извор]
- The Taxonomicon Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (11. фебруар 2009)
- Mikko Haaramo
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