Jarac (sazvežđe)
| Sazvežđe | |
 | |
| Latinsko ime | Capricornus |
|---|---|
| Skraćenica | Cap |
| Genitiv | Capricorni |
| Simbolizuje | Amalteju |
| Rektascenzija | 21 |
| Deklinacija | -20[1] |
| Površina | 414 sq. deg. (40) |
| Najsjajnija zvezda | Delta Jarca (Deneb algedi) (2,85m) |
| Meteorski rojevi | α-Kaprikornidi |
| Susedna sazvežđa | |
| Vidljivo u rasponu +60° i −90°. U najboljem položaju za posmatranje u 21:00 čas u septembru. | |
Jarac (lat. Capricornus) je jedno od 88 modernih sazvežđa i 48 originalnih Ptolemejevih sazvežđa. Nalazi se na južnoj hemisferi ali pripada zodijaku i vidljiv je i sa većeg dela severne hemisfere.
Mitologija[uredi | uredi izvor]
Prikazano je obrnuto (umesto da je glava na desnoj, nalazi se na levoj strani), u skladu sa tadašnjom praksom prikazivanja kao da se posmatrač nalazi sa spoljašnje strane zamišljene nebeske sfere.
Uprkos latinskom (i srpskom) nazivu ovog sazvežđa, ono ne predstavlja jarca već morsku kozu — mitsko stvorenje koje je pola koza a pola riba. Nekad se ovo biće poistovećuje sa Amaltejom, nimfom koja je odgojila Zevsa, a u nekim mitovima je Amalteja antropomorfna a morska koza posebno biće iz čijih je rogova tekao nektar i ambrozija kojima je Amalteja hranila Zevsa.[2]
Zvezde[uredi | uredi izvor]
Najsjanija zvezda ovog sazvežđa magnitude 2,85 je delta Jarca (ili Deneb algedi, „rep koze“ na arapskom), četvoročlani sistem čija je primarna komponenta beli džin.
Druga po sjajnosti je beta Jarca (Dabih, „mesar“), još jedan višestruki sistem, magnitude 3,08.
Alfa Jarca (Algedi, „koza“) je višestruki sistem, golim okom se razlikuju alfa-1 i alfa-2 a obe zvezde su u stvari dvojne.
Zeta Jarca je dvojni sistem magnitude 4 čija je primarna komponenta, žuti superdžin, protip barijumske zvezde.
Objekti dubokog neba[uredi | uredi izvor]
U blizini zete Jarca nalazi se M30, globularno jato magnitude 8. U Jarcu se nalazi i spiralna galaksija NGC 6907.
Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]
- ^ „Camelopardalis, constellation boundary”. The Constellations. International Astronomical Union. Pristupljeno 14. 2. 2014.
- ^ Delahunty, Andrew; Dignen, Sheila (2012). Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3rd izd.). Oxford University Press. str. 91. ISBN 978-0-19-956746-1 — preko Google Books.
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- „SV Leonis Minoris – Variable Star of RS CVn type”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Pristupljeno 20. 10. 2012.
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- „46 Leonis Minoris – Variable Star”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Pristupljeno 2. 11. 2012.
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- „LHS 2216 – High Proper Motion Star”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Pristupljeno 21. 10. 2012.
- „R Leonis Minoris – Variable Star of Mira Ceti type”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Pristupljeno 22. 10. 2012.
- „RY Leonis Minoris – Pulsating White Dwarf”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Pristupljeno 22. 10. 2012.
- „S Leonis Minoris – Variable Star of Mira Ceti type”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Pristupljeno 22. 10. 2012.
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Spoljašnje veze[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Sazvežđe Jarac na TopAstronomer.com (jezik: engleski)
- The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Capricornus
- Star Tales – Capricornus
- Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (medieval and early modern images of Capricornus)
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