Protoproviverra

Protoproviverra; Vremenski raspon: 50.8–47.8 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ rani eocen
	ilustracija zuba vrste; Protoproviverra palaeonictides
Naučna klasifikacija
Domen:	Eukaryota
Carstvo:	Animalia
Tip:	Chordata
Klasa:	Mammalia
Red:	†Hyaenodonta
Natporodica:	†Hyaenodontoidea
Porodica:	†Hyaenodontidae
Rod:	†Protoproviverra; Lemoine, 1891
Tipska vrsta
	†Protoproviverra palaeonictides; Lemoine, 1880
Vrste
	†Protoproviverra palaeonictides;
Sinonimi
	sinonimi vrste: P. palaeonictides: Protoproviverra palaeonictides (Lemoine, 1891) ; Prototomus palaeonictides (Van Valen, 1965) ; Protoviverra pomelii (Lemoine, 1891) ; Proviverra palaeonictides (Lemoine, 1880) ; ;

Protoproviverra (Protoprovivera — „prva Provivera”) je izumrli rod placentalnih sisara iz izumrle porodice Hyaenodontidae, koji je u periodu ranog eocena nastanjivao područje Evrope.^[3]^[4]

Etimologija naziva[uredi | uredi izvor]

Rod:	Porijeklo naziva od:	Značenje naziva:
Protoproviverra	starogrčke riječi protos (stgrč. πρῶτος), koja znači prvi i izumrlog roda sisara Proviverra	prva Provivera^[5]

Vrsta:	Porijeklo naziva od:	Značenje naziva:
P. palaeonictides	roda Protoproviverra starogrčke riječi paleos (stgrč. παλαιός), koja znači drevanili prastar latinske riječi iktis (lat. ictis), koja znači lasica i starogrčke riječi oides (stgrč. οειδής), koja znači sličan ili nalik	Protoprovivera slična drevnoj lasici

Opis[uredi | uredi izvor]

Vrsta Protoproviverra palaeonictides je težila oko 910 g.^[6]

Sistematika[uredi | uredi izvor]

Klasifikacija[uredi | uredi izvor]

Rod: †*Protoproviverra* (Lemoine, 1891)
Vrsta:	Rasprostranjenost fosila i lokacija:	Vremenski raspon:
†P. palaeonictides (Lemoine, 1880)^[7]	Francuska (Grand Est)	50,8 do 47,8 mil. god.

Filogenija[uredi | uredi izvor]

Dolje prikazan kladogram predstavlja filogenetske veze roda Protoproviverra.^[8]^[9]^[6]^[10]^[11]

†Hyaenodontoidea

†Proviverridae

†Hyaenodontidae

	†Paracynohyaenodon

	†Quercytherium

	†Cynohyaenodon lautricensis

†Cynohyaenodon cayluxi

	†Cynohyaenodon ruetimeyeri

	†Cynohyaenodon trux

†Cynohyaenodon

†Cynohyaenodon smithae

†Boritia

†Protoproviverra	†Protoproviverra palaeonictides
?

?

†Praecodens

	†Leonhardtina

	†Preregidens

	†Cartierodon

	†Prodissopsalis

?

†Paenoxyaenoides

†Eurotherium theriodis

†Eurotherium mapplethorpei

†Eurotherium

	†Eurotherium matthesi

	†Alienetherium

†Matthodon

	†Hyaenodontinae

?	†Neosinopa

	†Oxyaenoidinae

†Cynohyaenodon/Quercytherium grupa

†Leonhardtina grupa

†Eurotherium grupa

†Matthodon grupa

†Oxyaenoides grupa

Vremenska rasprostranjenst roda Protoproviverra unutar porodice Hyaenodontidae[uredi | uredi izvor]

Vidi još[uredi | uredi izvor]

Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]

^ Lemoine V. (1891.) "Étude d’ensemble sur les dents des mammifères fossiles des environs de Reims." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France Série 3: 263–290.
^ Van Valen, Leigh (1965). „Some European Proviverrini (Mammalia, Deltatheridia)” (PDF). Palaeontology. 8: 638–665.
^ McKenna, Malcolm C.; Bell, Susan K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9. Pristupljeno 16. 3. 2015. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
^ Floréal Solé; Jocelyn Falconnet; Laurent Yves (2014). „New proviverrines (Hyaenodontida) from the early Eocene of Europe; phylogeny and ecological evolution of the Proviverrinae”. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (4): 878—917. doi:10.1111/zoj.12155.
^ Palmer, Theodore Sherman (1904). Index Generum Mammalium: A List of the Genera and Families of Mammals (na jeziku: engleski). U.S. Government Printing Office.
^ ^a ^b Floréal Solé; Bernard Marandat; Fabrice Lihoreau (2020). „The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian”. Geodiversitas. 42 (13): 185—214. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13.
^ Lemoine V. (1880.) "Sur les ossements fossiles des terrains tertiaires inférieurs des environs de Reims." Comptes Rendus de l’Association Française pour l’Avancement des Sciences, Congrès de Montpellier 1879: 585–594.
^ Borths, Matthew R.; Stevens, Nancy J. (2017). „Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, "Creodonta," Placentalia, Mammalia)”. Palaeontologia Electronica. 20 (3): 55A. doi:10.26879/776 .
^ Matthew R. Borths; Nancy J. Stevens (2019). „Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222.
^ Solé, F.; Morlo, M.; Schaal, T.; Lehmann, T. (2021). „New hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the late Ypresian locality of Prémontré (France) support a radiation of the hyaenodonts in Europe already at the end of the early Eocene”. Geobios. in press. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2021.02.004.
^ Averianov, Alexander; Obraztsova, Ekaterina; Danilov, Igor; Jin, Jian-Hua (2023). „A new hypercarnivorous hyaenodont from the Eocene of South China”. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 11. ISSN 2296-701X. doi:10.3389/fevo.2023.1076819/full.

[1] Lemoine V. (1891.) "Étude d’ensemble sur les dents des mammifères fossiles des environs de Reims." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France Série 3: 263–290.

[2] Van Valen, Leigh (1965). „Some European Proviverrini (Mammalia, Deltatheridia)” (PDF). Palaeontology. 8: 638–665.

[McKenna_&_Bell-3] McKenna, Malcolm C.; Bell, Susan K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9. Pristupljeno 16. 3. 2015. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)

[ZJLS14proviverrines-4] Floréal Solé; Jocelyn Falconnet; Laurent Yves (2014). „New proviverrines (Hyaenodontida) from the early Eocene of Europe; phylogeny and ecological evolution of the Proviverrinae”. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (4): 878—917. doi:10.1111/zoj.12155.

[5] Palmer, Theodore Sherman (1904). Index Generum Mammalium: A List of the Genera and Families of Mammals (na jeziku: engleski). U.S. Government Printing Office.

[Geodiversitas4213-6] Floréal Solé; Bernard Marandat; Fabrice Lihoreau (2020). „The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian”. Geodiversitas. 42 (13): 185—214. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13.

[7] Lemoine V. (1880.) "Sur les ossements fossiles des terrains tertiaires inférieurs des environs de Reims." Comptes Rendus de l’Association Française pour l’Avancement des Sciences, Congrès de Montpellier 1879: 585–594.

[Matthew2017-8] Borths, Matthew R.; Stevens, Nancy J. (2017). „Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, "Creodonta," Placentalia, Mammalia)”. Palaeontologia Electronica. 20 (3): 55A. doi:10.26879/776 .

[Simbakubwa-9] Matthew R. Borths; Nancy J. Stevens (2019). „Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222.

[hyaenodontsGeobios-10] Solé, F.; Morlo, M.; Schaal, T.; Lehmann, T. (2021). „New hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the late Ypresian locality of Prémontré (France) support a radiation of the hyaenodonts in Europe already at the end of the early Eocene”. Geobios. in press. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2021.02.004.

[Maocyon-11] Averianov, Alexander; Obraztsova, Ekaterina; Danilov, Igor; Jin, Jian-Hua (2023). „A new hypercarnivorous hyaenodont from the Eocene of South China”. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 11. ISSN 2296-701X. doi:10.3389/fevo.2023.1076819/full.

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