Viverravus
| Viverravus | |
|---|---|
Научна класификација 
| |
| Домен: | Eukaryota |
| Царство: | Animalia |
| Тип: | Chordata |
| Класа: | Mammalia |
| Кладус: | Carnivoramorpha |
| Натпородица: | †Viverravoidea |
| Породица: | †Viverravidae |
| Потпородица: | †Viverravinae |
| Род: | †Viverravus Marsh, 1872[1] |
| Типска врста | |
| †Viverravus gracilis Marsh, 1872
| |
| Врсте | |
| |
| Синоними[2] | |
|
синоними врсте:
| |
Viverravus (Виверавус — „предак цибетки”) је изумрли род плацентални сисара, из изумрле потпородице Viverravinae унутар изумрле породице Viverravidae, који је у периоду од касног палеоцена до средњег еоцен настањивао подручје Сјевернe Америкe, Азије и Европе.[7][8][9][10]
Етимологија назива[уреди | уреди извор]
| Род: | Поријекло назива од: | Значење назива: |
|---|---|---|
| Viverravus | предак цибетки[11] |
| Врсте: | Поријекло назива од: | Значење назива: |
|---|---|---|
| V. acutus |
|
оштри Виверавус |
| V. gracilis |
|
витки Виверавус |
| V. lawsoni |
|
... |
| V. laytoni |
|
лејтонов Виверавус |
| V. lutosus |
|
каљави Виверавус |
| V. minutus |
|
мали Виверавус |
| V. politus |
|
углачани Виверавус |
| V. rosei |
|
росеов Виверавус |
| V. sicarius |
|
Виверавус убица |
Viverravus acutus
Viverravus laytoni
Viverravus politus
врсте Viverravus sicarius
Систематика[уреди | уреди извор]
Класификација[уреди | уреди извор]
| Врсте: | Распрострањеност фосила и локација: |
Временски распон: |
|---|---|---|
| †V. acutus (Matthew & Granger, 1915)[12] |  САД (Вајоминг и Колорадо)
|
55,8 до 52,4 мил. год. |
| †V. gracilis (Marsh, 1872)[1] | САД (Вајоминг,[13] Јута и Колорадо)
|
54,9 до 49,2 мил. год. |
| †V. lawsoni (Hooker, 2010)[14] |  УК (Велики Лондон)
|
56,0 до 55,2 мил. год. |
| †V. laytoni (Gingerich & Winkler, 1985)[15] |  Канада (Алберта) САД (Вајоминг)
|
57,4 до 54,9 мил. год. |
| †V. lutosus (Gazin, 1952)[16] | САД (Вајоминг и Колорадо)
|
53,0 до 49,2 мил. год. |
| †V. minutus (Wortman, 1901)[17] | САД (Вајоминг, Јута, Колорадо и Невада)
|
53,0 до 50,0 мил. год. |
| †V. politus (Matthew & Granger, 1915) | САД (Вајоминг и Колорадо)
|
57,4 до 54,1 мил. год. |
| †V. rosei (Polly, 1997)[18] | САД (Вајоминг)
|
55,4 до 53,4 мил. год. |
| †V. sicarius (Matthew, 1909)[19] | САД (Вајоминг, Јута и Колорадо)
|
53,0 до 49,2 мил. год. |
| †V. sp. [V11141] (Meng, 1998)[20] |  Кина (Унутрашња Монголија)
|
42,0 до 39,9 мил. год. |
| †V. sp. [Locality Group 2, Washakie Basin, Wyoming] (Tomiya, 2021)[21] | САД (Вајоминг)
|
47,0 до 46,2 мил. год. |
Филогенија[уреди | уреди извор]
Доље приказан кладограм представља филогенетске везе рода Viverravus.[22][15][23][24]
| Carnivoramorpha |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Временска распрострањенст рода Viverravus унутар породице Viverravidae[уреди | уреди извор]
Види још[уреди | уреди извор]
Референце[уреди | уреди извор]
- ^ а б O. C. Marsh (1872.) "Preliminary description of new Tertiary mammals. Part I." American Journal of Science 4(20):122-128
- ^ J. Alroy (2002.) "Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals."
- ^ O. C. Marsh (1871.) "Notice of some new fossil mammals and birds from the Tertiary formation of the West." American Journal of Science 2(8):120-127
- ^ M. Schlosser (1890.) "Die Affen, Lemuren, Chiropteren, Insectivoren, Marsupialier, Creodonten und Carnivoren des europäischen Tertiärs. III. Theil" Beitr. Paläont. Österreich-Ungarns u.d. Orients, 8(1)
- ^ E. D. Cope (1881.) "On the Vertebrata of the Wind River Eocene beds of Wyoming." Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey 6(1):183-202
- ^ P. D. Gingerich (1987.) "Early Eocene bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) and other vertebrates in freshwater limestones of the Willlwood Formation, Clark's Fork Basin, Wyoming." Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27(11):275-320
- ^ McKenna, Malcolm C.; Bell, Susan K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9. Приступљено 16. 3. 2015.
- ^ J. J. Flynn (1998.) "Early Cenozoic Carnivora ("Miacoidea")." In C. M. Janis, K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.) "Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulatelike Mammals." Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ISBN 9780521355193
- ^ David Polly, Gina D. Wesley-Hunt, Ronald E. Heinrich, Graham Davis and Peter Houde (2006). „Earliest known carnivoran auditory bulla and support for a recent origin of crown-clade Carnivora (Eutheria, Mammalia)”. Palaeontology. 49 (5): 1019—1027. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00586.x.
- ^ R. E. Heinrich & P. Houde (2006) "Postcranial anatomy of Viverravus (Mammalia, Carnivora) and implications for substrate use in basal Carnivora." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 26:2, 422-435
- ^ Palmer, Theodore Sherman (1904). Index Generum Mammalium: A List of the Genera and Families of Mammals (на језику: енглески). U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ^ W. D. Matthew and W. Granger (1915.) "A revision of the Lower Eocene Wasatch and Wind River faunas." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 34(1):1-103
- ^ Gunnell, G. F.; Bartels, W. S.; Gingerich, P. D.; Torre, V. (1992). „Wapiti Valley Faunas: Early and Middle Eocene Fossil Vertebrates from the North Fork of the Shoshone River, Park Country, Wyoming”. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, the University of Michigan. 28 (11): 247—287. hdl:2027.42/48547.
- ^ Jerry J. Hooker (2010). "The mammal fauna of the early Eocene Blackheath Formation of Abbey Wood, London". Palaeontographical Society. стр. 1—162. ISSN 0269-3445.
- ^ а б P. D. Gingerich and D. A. Winkler (1985.) "Systematics of Paleocene Viverravidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) in the Bighorn Basin and Clark's Fork Basin, Wyoming." Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27(4):87-128
- ^ C. L. Gazin (1952.) "The Lower Eocene Knight Formation Of Western Wyoming and Its Mammalian Faunas." Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 117(18):1-82
- ^ J. L. Wortman (1901.) "Studies of Eocene Mammalia in the Marsh Collection, Peabody Museum." The American Journal of Science, series 4 12:193-206
- ^ P. D. Polly. (1997.) "Ancestry and Species Definition in Paleontology: A Stratocladistic Analysis of Paleocene-Eocene Viverravidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from Wyoming." Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 30(1):1-53
- ^ W. D. Matthew (1909.) "The Carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, middle Eocene." Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9:289-567
- ^ J. Meng, R. J. Zhai and A. R. Wyss (1998.) "The late Paleocene Bayan Ulan fauna of Inner Mongolia, China." Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 34:148-185
- ^ Tomiya, S.; Zack, S. P.; Spaulding, M.; Flynn, J. J. (2021). „Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world”. Journal of Paleontology. 95 (Supplement S82): 1—115. doi:10.1017/jpa.2020.74.
- ^ Flynn, John J.; Galiano, Henry (1982). „Phylogeny of Early Tertiary Carnivora, With a Description of a New Species of Protictis From the Middle Eocene of Northwestern Wyoming”. American Museum Novitates. 2725: 1—64.
- ^ P. D. Polly (1997.) "Ancestry and Species Definition in Paleontology: A Stratocladistic Analysis of Paleocene-Eocene Viverravidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from Wyoming." Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 30(1):1-53
- ^ S. Faurby, L. Werdelin, A. Antonelli (2019.) "Dispersal ability predicts evolutionary success among mammalian carnivores" Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE
Литература[уреди | уреди извор]
- W. B. Scott (1892.) "A revision of the North American Creodonta with notes on some genera which have been referred to that group." Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 44:291-323
- J. L. Wortman and W. D. Matthew (1899.) "The ancestry of certain members of the Canidae, the Viverridae, and Procyonidae." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 12(6):109-138
- O. P. Hay (1902.) "Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America." Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179:1-868
- M. R. Thorpe (1923.) "Notes on the Bridger (Eocene) Carnivora." Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (9. јануар 2023) American Journal of Science 5(25):23-39
- G. G. Simpson (1937.) "The Fort Union of the Crazy Mountain field, Montana and its mammalian faunas." Bulletin of the United States National Museum 169:1-287
- M. C. McKenna, P. Robinson and D. W. Taylor (1962.) "Notes on Eocene Mammalia and Mollusca from Tabernacle Butte, Wyoming." American Museum Novitates 2102:1-33
- Robinson, P. (1966). „Fossil Mammalia of Huerfano Formation, Eocene, of Colorado”. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 21: 48—49.(Plate VII)
- L. Van Valen (1966.) "Deltatheridia, a new order of Mammals." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 132(1):1-126
- R. M. Schoch (1987.) "Viverravus gracilis Marsh, 1872 (Mammalia, Carnivora): proposed conservation." Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 44(1):7-8
- Wesley-Hunt, G. D.; Werdelin, L. (2005). „Basicranial morphology and phylogenetic position of the upper Eocene carnivoramorphan Quercygale”. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 50 (4): 837—846.
- R. Secord (2008.) "The Tiffanian Land-Mammal Age (middle and late Paleocene) in the northern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming." University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 35:1-192
- Tomiya, Susumu (2011). „A new basal caniform (Mammalia: Carnivora) from the Middle Eocene of North America and remarks on the phylogeny of early carnivorans”. PLoS ONE. 6 (9): e24146. PMC 3173397
. PMID 21935380. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024146. - K. D. Rose, A. E. Chew, R. H. Dunn, M. J. Kraus, H. C. Fricke and S. P. Zack (2012.) "Earliest Eocene mammalian fauna from the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum at Sand Creek Divide, southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming." University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 36:1-122
- Solé, Floréal; Smith, Richard; Coillot, Tiphaine; Eric de Bast; Smith, Thierry (2014). „Dental and tarsal anatomy of "Miacis" latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha)”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 1—21. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.793195.
