Kiklopi

„Kiklop” preusmerava ovde. Za druge upotrebe pogledajte stranicu Kiklop (višeznačna odrednica).

Glava Kiklopa iz rimskog Koloseuma iz prvog veka nove ere

„Kiklop“ — slika Odilona Redona

Kiklopi (grč. Κύκλωπες [Kyklōpes], jedn. Κύκλωψ [Kyklōps]) su jednooki divovi iz grčke i kasnije rimske mitologije. Grčki epski pesnici Hesiod i Homer su spominjali kiklope u svojim delima, ali su ih opisali na različite načine, tako da se o njima može govoriti sa Hesiodovog i sa Homerovog stanovišta.

Hesiodovi kiklopi

Prema Hesiodu, kiklopi su snažni jednooki divovi, deca Urana i Geje, boga neba i boginje zemlje, koje je Uran kao i svoju ostalu decu (Titane i storuke divove hekatonhire) zatvorio u Tartar, podzemni svet koji se nalazi ispod Hada. Titan Hron se oslobađa, beži iz Tartara i uz pomoć kiklopa i svoje majke Geje, uspeva da Urana svrgne sa mesta vrhovnog boga. Međutim, iako su mu pomogli da se domogne mesta vrhovnog boga, Hron kiklope vraća u Tartar. Kada je Zevs, Hronov mlađi sin, svrgnuo svoga oca sa mesta vrhovnog boga, oslobodio je kiklope, a oni su mu u znak zahvalnosti dali grom i munju, Posejdonu daju trozubac, a Hadu Šlem tame, odnosno šlem koji će onog koji ga nosi učiniti nevidljivim. Pošto su bili odlični kovači, kiklopi su postali Hefestovi pomoćnici, koji su ispod vulkana Etne pravili gromove i munje za Zevsa. Kako bi se osvetio Zevsu zato što mu je ubio sina Asklepija, Apolon kiklope ubija.

Homerovi kiklopi

Prema Homeru, Kiklopi su pripadnici plemena Kiklop, debeli i snažni jednooki divovi koji jedu ljude. U Homerovoj Odiseji, pojavljuje se Kiklop Polifem, sin boga Posejdona i nimfe Toose, koji je pojeo Odisejeve prijatelje. Odisej osvećuje smrt svojih prijatelja, tako što oslepljuje Kiklopovo jedino oko.

Homer Kiklope opisuje kao surove divljake koji se ne bave poljoprivredom i ne poštuju nikakve zakone, tako da mnogi smatraju da Kiklopi u Odiseji predstavljaju alegoriju na varvare.

Literatura

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Spoljašnje veze

• Cyclops - World History Encyclopedia
• Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898)
• Perseus Encyclopedia: Cyclopes
• Ko je ko u grčkoj mitologiji? (jezik: engleski)