Zapadni front (Prvi svetski rat)

Zapadni front
Deo Prvog svetskog rata
Saveznički vojnici u rovovima.
Vreme 3. avgust 1914 — 11. novembar 1918. Mesto Belgija, Francuska Ishod pobeda Antante pad Nemačkog carstva Versajski sporazum
Sukobljene strane
Antanta: Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo Francuska Kraljevina Italija Belgija SAD Portugalija Ruska Imperija	Centralne sile: Nemačko carstvo Austrougarska
Komandanti i vođe
do 26. marta 1918. nije postojala jedinstvena komanda, od 3. aprila maršal Ferdinand Foš	Helmut fon Moltke Mlađi Erih fon Falkenhajn Paul fon Hindenburg Erih Ludendorf Vilhelm Grener
Žrtve i gubici
7.947.000 poginulih, ranjenih ili zarobljenih	5.603.000 poginulih, ranjenih ili zarobljenih

Zapadni front je predstavljao najznačajnije bojište tokom Prvog svetskog rata. Front je otvorila Nemačka invazijom na Luksemburg i Belgiju preko kojih je planirala da uspostavi kontrolu nad industrijski značajnim regionima u Francuskoj. Brzo napredovanje nemačkih snaga dramatično se završilo bitkom na Marni u kojoj su savezničke snage odnele pobedu. Nakon ove bitke i savezničke i nemačke trupe su se ukopale formirajući liniju fronta koja se protezala od Severnog mora do švajcarske granice. Značajnijih promena položaja nije bilo sve do kraja rata.

Između 1915. i 1917. godine bilo je nekoliko velikih ofanziva duž fronta. Pešadijskim napadima je prethodila temeljna artiljerijska priprema. Ipak pešadija nije mogla da postigne značajnije uspehe protiv dobro ukopanog neprijatelja, mitraljeskih gnezda, bodljikave žice.

Kako bi postigli vojnu prednost nad neprijateljskim snagama obe strane su u borbi koristile nove tehnologije kao što su avijacija, bojni otrovi i tenkovi stalno ih usavršavajući tokom rata. Ali ni upotreba novih vrsta oružja nije mogla da dovede do odlučujućeg uspeha.

Do kraja rata nemačka vlada je uvidela da su savezničke snage superiornije zbog većeg demografskog i industrijskog potencijala pa je iscrpljena Nemačka bila prinuđena da 11. novembra 1918. potpiše primirje.

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Spoljašnje veze

• Krause, Jonathan: Western Front , in: 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War.
• The Western Front Museum
• Articles on the Western Front in Lorraine & Alsace at Battlefields Europe
• 'That Contemptible Little Army' by E. Alexander Powell. The British Army Seen by an American Journalist in 1916
• Watch clips from the Australian War Memorial's collection of films made on the Western Front 1917–1918 on the National Film and Sound Archive's australianscreen online